Deck 5: Progress and Reform: 1900-1930

Question 1

The Food and Drug Act of 1906 was passed primarily because of

A) editorials in popular magazines
B) Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle
C) exposes by the American Medical Association
D) pressures from the agricultural industry

Answer 1

Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle

Question 2

In attempts to regulate business, the Hepburn Act of 1906 permitted the Interstate Commerce Commission to

A) limit the transfer of government funds for new ventures
B) control the use of immigrants in hazardous industries
C) fix the rates of railroads and sleeping cars
D) raise the minimum wage for industrial workers

Answer 2

fix the rates of railroads and sleeping cars

Question 3

The Nineteenth Amendment which was passed in 1919 and ratified one year later, provided for

A) establishment of federal taxes
B) direct election of Senators
C) the right to vote for Blacks
D) women's suffrage

Answer 3

women's suffrage

Question 4

The Child Labor Act of 1906

A) forbade children under the age of ten to work in factories
B) prohibited the interstate shipment of articles made by children
C) required companies to build dormitories to house child workers
D) led to the increase of children attending public schools

Question 5

The Triangle Shirt-Waist Company fire of 1911 was significant because

A) it allowed for the restrictions of hiring married women with children in factories
B) it ensured that more women would register to vote and participate in politics
C) it provided the public an opportunity to push for more modern firefighting equipment
D) it led to more effective factory legislation and inspections for improved work conditions

Question 6

In 1912, the Children's Bureau was created as a result of the 1906 White House Conference on Children. The primary purpose of the Bureau was to

A) provide mental health services for children
B) develop a national child welfare system
C) hire professional social workers in public schools
D) conduct research and propose children's policies

Question 7

Which of the following groups remained poor and powerless between 1919 and 1929, despite the economic prosperity of the US?

A) skilled union craftsmen
B) middle-class workers
C) unskilled immigrants
D) children aged 10 to 15

Question 8

The White House Conference on Children in 1909 proclaimed the twentieth century as the Century of the Child. As a result,

A) the government was deemed responsible for the support of single mothers and their children
B) public education was established as a right for all children and a responsibility of the community
C) home and family life were declared to be society's goal for children
D) coalitions were established to study the effects of child labor on the family

Question 9

A belief in positive government action provided the basis for Progressives as well as a belief that

A) America would continue to welcome Eastern European immigrants into its melting pot
B) immigrants would abandon their culture, tastes, and language for that of white Protestants
C) the economy could only be stimulated by a stronger and educated workforce
D) limited government action to control labor was necessary for economic growth

Question 10

During the Progressive Era, the federal government took several measures to protect the public interest. Which of the following actions was taken to regulate banking?

A) establishment of the Federal Trade Commission
B) ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment
C) creation of the Federal Reserve System
D) reorganization of the Stock Market Exchange

Question 11

The push for further reform in the 1920's slowed down due to

A) the professionalization of social work and its reliance on research
B) an increase in the number of African-Americans moving to the urban North
C) a concentration of corporate power and wealth among bankers and industrialists
D) a shift to concerns about the war in Europe and its impact on America

Question 12

The first mother's pension was passed by Missouri in 1911. As a result, which of the following principles was established?

A) Single mothers of young children should receive support to stay home as parents
B) Mothers who were widows should receive support for the care of their dependent children
C) Only married mothers should receive support for the relief of the burdens of family life
D) Working mothers should receive support in order to stay home to take care of their children

Question 13

When Congress established the Veterans Bureau in 1921, they also

A) made hospital services available for honorably discharged veterans with service connected disabilities only
B) made hospital services available for honorably discharged veterans with nonservice-connected disabilities
C) established the military draft requiring all young men aged 16 and older to military service
D) recognized the role of the female soldier and provided benefits for their service in the wars

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Native Americans especially benefited from the prosperity of the early 1920's.
B) More than three-fourths of Native American children received schooling on reservations.
C) Native Americans were primarily responsible for the growth of the Socialist Party.
D) Native Americans were recognized as United States citizens in 1924.

Question 15

The National Origins Act of 1924 set up a complicated quota system as an attempt to

A) slow down the immigration rates of southern and eastern Europeans
B) improve relationships between Protestants, Catholics, and persons of the Jewish faith
C) ease restrictions on immigration from China and Japan to increase a cheap labor force
D) restrict the stream of immigrants from Mexico who were fleeing the revolution

Question 16

Part of the democratic thrust of the Progressive Era was political reform. Which of the following was one of those changes which still applies today?

A) banning political contributions from foreign natures
B) allowing for the direct election of Senators
C) establishing voter registration drives
D) restricting the power of political action committees

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true?

A) The Progressive Era between 1900 and 1930 moved the country from an agrarian to a commercial economy.
B) During the Progressive Era, American values changed from collective interdependence to individualism.
C) The Socialist Party declined during the early 1900's because of its radical alternatives to the Progressives.
D) The Progressive Era was one of major progress for African Americans who moved to northern cities.

Question 18

In the early 1900's, the was a reaction against abuse by unregulated capitalism and resulted in increased government oversight and political reform.

A) Socialist Party
B) Conservative Movement
C) Progressive Era
D) Know Nothing Party

Question 19

In the 1920's and 1930's, which group was among the most active in forming unions due to their long working hours, terrible working conditions, and low pay?

A) African-Americans
B) immigrants
C) unskilled workers
D) women

Question 20

The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 was passed in response to research conducted by the Children's Bureau. The policy was intended to address

A) the educational needs of children
B) maternal and child health
C) aid to widows with children
D) abuse of children in factories

Question 21

The Children's Bureau was established in 1912 and its first director was a social worker by the name of

A) Edith Abbott
B) Grace Abbott
C) Florence Kelly
D) Julia Lathrop

Question 22

In 1900, the Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated that the average workweek was approximately

A) 40 hours
B) 45 hours
C) 50 hours
D) 57 hours

Question 23

Social work's contribution to social reform during the Progressive Era was primarily based on

A) the influence of the Communist Party in Europe and Russia
B) its ability to organize women to form labor unions
C) its introduction of systematic surveys to study social problems
D) the application of paternalism to promote social justice

Question 24

The wellbeing of African Americans in the early 20^th century was
Than at the end of slavery.

A) better
B) worse
C) indistinguishable
D) indiscernible
)

Question 25

Most of the reforms brought about in the 1900's through the 1920's were due to efforts by

A) African-Americans
B) teachers
C) women
D) men
Essay Questions

Question 26

Between 1920 and 1930, more than 6 million people moved from the farms to the cities. Describe three outcomes of this massive migration.

Question 27

In 1906, the Food and Drug Act was passage. What led to its passage and how does this piece of legislation apply today?

Question 28

Explain how the tragedy of the 1911 Triangle Shirt-Waist Company fire led to reforms in the workplace.

Question 29

Discuss how maternalism helped and hindered the move for social equality.

Question 30

Describe three major factors which led to the end of social reform in the early 20^th century.