Deck 3: Cardiorespiratory Endurance: Assessment and Prescription

Question 1

All of the following are organs of the cardiorespiratory system except

A) heart.
B) kidneys.
C) lungs.
D) aorta.

Answer 1

kidneys.

Question 2

The term "cardiorespiratory ________" refers to one's ability to perform aerobic exercise for a prolonged period of time.

A) stability
B) endurance
C) capacity
D) fitness

Answer 2

endurance

Question 3

The pathway by which oxygenated blood is circulated throughout the body is the

A) anaerobic pathway.
B) aerobic pathway.
C) pulmonary circuit.
D) systemic circuit.

Answer 3

systemic circuit.

Question 4

The pathway by which deoxygenated blood is circulated to the lungs is the

A) anaerobic pathway.
B) aerobic pathway.
C) pulmonary circuit.
D) systemic circuit.

Question 5

The most valid measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness is the

A) heart rate.
B) heart rhythm.
C) stroke volume.
D) VO₂max.

Question 6

The primary function of the ________ is to deliver oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and remove waste products from body tissues.

A) cardiorespiratory system
B) respiratory system
C) lymphatic system
D) urinary system

Question 7

The number of times that the heart beats per minute is the

A) blood pressure.
B) heart rate.
C) stroke volume.
D) cardiac output.

Question 8

________ is the product of heart rate times stroke volume.

A) Cardiorespiratory endurance
B) Cardiac output
C) VO₂max
D) Arterial pulse rate

Question 9

The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are known as

A) antibodies.
B) alveoli.
C) arteries.
D) arterioles.

Question 10

The blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart are

A) arterioles.
B) arteries.
C) venules.
D) veins.

Question 11

The thin-walled blood vessels that allow easy passage of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste through their cell wall are

A) arteries.
B) veins.
C) arterioles.
D) capillaries.

Question 12

The blood vessels that transport oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart are

A) arterioles.
B) arteries.
C) venules.
D) veins.

Question 13

The recommended sites for taking a pulse are points located along the ________ arteries.

A) carotid and femoral
B) radial and femoral
C) radial and pulmonary
D) carotid and radial

Question 14

The radial pulse may be taken

A) in the groin, just above the thigh.
B) along the neck below the jawline.
C) behind the knee.
D) on the inside of the wrist just below the thumb.

Question 15

The process during which carbohydrates are broken down in cells is known as

A) gas exchange.
B) cytolysis.
C) glycolysis.
D) endocytosis.

Question 16

Which of the following terms means "with oxygen"?

A) anaerobic
B) aerobic
C) deoxygenated
D) energized

Question 17

Energy is stored in muscle cells in the form of

A) THR.
B) carbohydrate.
C) lactic acid.
D) ATP.

Question 18

In anaerobic ATP production, a byproduct of glycolysis is

A) fatty acids.
B) carbon dioxide.
C) water.
D) lactic acid.

Question 19

ATP stands for ________ triphosphate.

A) atropine
B) alanine
C) anaerobic
D) adenosine

Question 20

The energy-production system that requires oxygen for the chemical reactions to make ATP is the ________ system.

A) aerobic
B) anaerobic
C) metabolic
D) pulmonary

Question 21

________ are changes in the cardiorespiratory system that occur after a few weeks of maintaining a regular exercise program.

A) Adaptations
B) Advances
C) Improvements
D) Responses

Question 22

In which of the following activities would anaerobic energy production predominate?

A) running a half-marathon
B) running a 400-meter sprint
C) cross-country skiing a 6-mile course
D) jogging 8 times around the high-school track

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true about aerobic energy production?

A) Oxygen is not required for aerobic energy production.
B) Fats, carbohydrates, and proteins can be used for fuel.
C) Only carbohydrates can be used for fuel.
D) Short-burst exercise requires aerobic energy production.

Question 24

Which of the following adaptations occurs with exercise training?

A) Exercise stroke volume decreases.
B) Exercise cardiac output decreases.
C) VO₂max increases.
D) Glycolysis decreases.

Question 25

Which of the following is a specific benefit of increased VO₂max?

A) The body needs to use less oxygen during exercise.
B) Muscular strength improves.
C) Blood pressure increases.
D) The body experiences less fatigue during regular daily activities.

Question 26

Short-term changes in the body that occur as a result of exercise are

A) adaptations.
B) increments.
C) responses.
D) reductions.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a health benefit of cardiorespiratory endurance?

A) increased flexibility
B) reduced risk for CVD
C) reduced risk for type 2 diabetes
D) increased longevity

Question 28

The ________ test for estimating VO₂max is based on the principle that your heart rate returns to resting levels faster after exercise when you have a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness.

A) 1.5 mile run
B) step
C) cycle ergometer
D) 1-mile walk

Question 29

The number of times per week that exercise is performed is known as

A) intensity.
B) frequency.
C) regularity.
D) duration.

Question 30

The training threshold is a training intensity that is at least

A) 40% of VO₂max.
B) 50% of VO₂max.
C) 60% of VO₂max.
D) 85% of VO₂max.

Question 31

The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion is a method used to estimate

A) exercise intensity.
B) exercise frequency.
C) energy expenditure.
D) calorie expenditure.

Question 32

The difference between maximal heart rate and resting heart rate is known as the

A) Rating of Perceived Exertion.
B) stroke volume.
C) heart rate reserve.
D) target heart rate.

Question 33

The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) multiplied by ________ will give you a rough estimate of actual heart rate during exercise.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 34

The best field test for estimating VO₂max for individuals with joint problems is the ________ test.

A) 1.5-mile run
B) cycle ergometer
C) 1-mile walk
D) step

Question 35

Any exercise prescription for improving cardiorespiratory fitness has three phases: ________, improvement, and maintenance.

A) assessment
B) initial conditioning
C) experimentation
D) warm-up

Question 36

Duration, frequency, and intensity are increased in an exercise program during the ________ phase.

A) maintenance
B) assessment
C) improvement
D) conditioning

Question 37

Studies have shown that the key factor in maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness is

A) consistent warm-up sessions.
B) frequency of exercise.
C) exercise intensity.
D) variety of exercises performed.

Question 38

Which of the following is a training technique that utilizes several different modes of exercise?

A) endurance training
B) cross training
C) aerobic training
D) interval training

Question 39

________ training is a type of exercise training that includes repeated sessions of high-intensity exercise alternated with periods of lower-intensity exercise.

A) Strength
B) Cross
C) Interval
D) Endurance

Question 40

The most commonly cited reason for why people quit their exercise program within six months is

A) a lack of time.
B) the cost of gym membership.
C) a lack of visible results.
D) that the workouts are too challenging.

Question 41

The pulmonary artery carries oxygen-rich blood to the heart from the lungs.

Question 42

Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by the heart with each beat.

Question 43

The product of heart rate and stroke volume is the cardiac output.

Question 44

Anaerobic exercise relies solely on carbohydrates as an energy source.

Question 45

Energy is stored in muscle cells as lactic acid.

Question 46

Energy to perform prolonged, endurance exercise is produced from the anaerobic energy system.

Question 47

For muscles to contract, ATP must be available.

Question 48

During prolonged exercise, there is a gradual shift from carbohydrate to fat as an energy source.

Question 49

During exercise, arteries going to the working muscles contract in order to force blood to the muscles more quickly.

Question 50

A person's resting heart rate will increase with regular exercise training.

Question 51

Endurance training results in an increase in maximal stroke volume.

Question 52

As stroke volume increases, maximal cardiac output decreases.

Question 53

Responses are changes that occur over time as a result of regular exercise.

Question 54

A warm-up is defined as 5 to 10 minutes of low-intensity exercise prior to the main workout.

Question 55

The target heart rate is a range of heart rates that correspond to an exercise intensity that will result in improvements in aerobic capacity.

Question 56

The duration of an exercise session refers to the number of times per week that exercise is performed.

Question 57

Every cool-down period should include a brief session of stretching.

Question 58

During the improvement phase of an aerobic exercise program, best results are achieved by increasing the intensity and duration of exercise at the same time.

Question 59

Cross training utilizes various modes of exercise to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

Question 60

Discomfort and soreness are not normal after the second exercise session and require consultation with a physician.

Question 61

Define VO₂max.

Question 62

Name and describe the two systems that produce energy during exercise and the conditions under which each predominates.

Question 63

What two factors determine cardiac output, and how are they changed during exercise?

Question 64

Explain why it is important to recalculate your target heart rate range as you age and/or adapt to your exercise program.

Question 65

Describe the components of an exercise prescription to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

Question 66

What range of exercise intensity is necessary to improve cardiorespiratory fitness?

Question 67

Discuss how the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion works, and explain what an RPE of 17 would indicate.

Question 68

What is the purpose of the maintenance phase of an exercise program?

Question 69

Explain the concept of interval training and discuss those who commonly use interval training and why.

Question 70

Janice gained 30 pounds while pregnant with her last baby. She started exercising regularly and lost the weight gradually over the past eight months. Now she runs three days a week and takes a kick-boxing class on the weekend. Aside from her weight loss, list at least three other adaptations her body has made to this regular aerobic exercise.