Deck 10: The Developmental Domain

Question 1

The physical, psychological, and social behavioral changes an individual experiences throughout their lifetime are known as

A) socialization
B) human development
C) assimilation
D) emerging adulthood

Answer 1

human development

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a commonly distinguished developmental stage among contemporary scholarly books on human development?

A) prenatal period
B) childhood
C) adolescence
D) aging period

Answer 2

aging period

Question 3

An individual obtains membership to a society and adopts its ideas and behaviors through a process known as

A) emerging adulthood
B) uncertainty orientation
C) socialization
D) openness model

Answer 3

socialization

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the popularized idea of a midlife crisis?

A) the questioning of one's own accomplishments
B) certainty regarding future plans
C) the realization of the pressures of age
D) the experience of excessive anxiety about the future

Question 5

A measurement of resource availability, physical and financial security, living conditions, education and health care quality, the presence of violence, among other factors aimed at assessing an individual's general well-being refers to the concept of

A) accommodation
B) collectivism
C) heterotypic stability
D) quality of life

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a developmental stage proposed by Jean Piaget?

A) sensorimotor
B) informal operations
C) formal operations
D) preoperational

Question 7

The particular physical, psychological, behavioral, and social characteristics that portray explicit timeframes in an individual's life are understood to be

A) developmental stages.
B) degeneration.
C) emerging adulthood.
D) individualism.

Question 8

Lev Vygotsky suggested that development occurred as periods of gradual change. According to Vygotsky, which of the following is NOT expected to follow these gradual changes?

A) rapid transitions
B) gradual transitions
C) sudden transformations
D) crises

Question 9

A self-focused exploration of possibilities in work, relationships, interests, and values seen within the timeframe of late teens to the mid-20s is characteristic of

A) collectivism.
B) heterotypic stability.
C) individualism.
D) emerging adulthood.

Question 10

Studies have shown that certain personality traits have a tendency to increase with age. Which of the following trait does NOT increase with age?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) neuroticism
D) conscientiousness

Question 11

The ______ model asserts that in the case of most adults, learned behaviors and the development of reliable traits occur early and tend not to change later in life.

A) suppression-facilitation
B) consistency
C) degeneration
D) assimilation

Question 12

According to the text, which of the following is NOT commonly associated with suicidality?

A) depression
B) borderline personality disorder
C) substance abuse
D) extraversion

Question 13

The idea that behavioral changes and trait adjustments to varying life situations occur continuously is consistent with the ______ model.

A) consistency
B) suppression-facilitation
C) openness
D) assimilation

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a significant risk factor for suicidality among the elderly?

A) inability to function in daily life
B) fear of risk-taking behavior
C) failure to do what has been done for years with ease
D) fear of a social disconnection

Question 15

The psychological stability of personality features, such as behavioral traits over an individual's lifetime is characteristic of

A) heterotypic stability.
B) openness.
C) homotypic stability.
D) emerging adulthood.

Question 16

The 38-week timeframe from conception to birth is commonly known as the

A) degeneration period.
B) prenatal period.
C) socialization period.
D) trolley dilemma.

Question 17

Which of the following are the most at-risk teens and young adults for suicide NOT likely to exhibit?

A) optimism
B) depressive illness
C) substance abuse
D) adjustment disorder

Question 18

A generational relapse of physical and psychological traits is characteristic of

A) socialization
B) assimilation
C) the trolley dilemma
D) degeneration

Question 19

In Piaget's system, ______ is modifying one's mental structures to fit the new demands of the environment.

A) accommodation
B) degeneration
C) assimilation
D) adaptation

Question 20

The extent to which a societies members accept that institutional and organizational power is unequally distributed is called

A) assimilation
B) power distance
C) collectivism
D) individualism

Question 21

When Jesse moved across the country from Washington to California he had to engage in his new community eventually adapting its common ideas and behaviors. The process Jesse experienced is known as

A) degeneration.
B) assimilation.
C) accommodation.
D) socialization.

Question 22

The way an individual commonly deals with uncertainty in daily situations or general life is called

A) accommodation.
B) distress threshold.
C) uncertainty orientation.
D) power distance.

Question 23

In Piaget's system, ______ is adopting operations with new objects into old mind patterns.

A) degeneration
B) accommodation
C) heterotypic stability
D) assimilation

Question 24

Roxie displays complex behavior based on concern for herself and her immediate family. Roxie's behavior is consistent with ______.

A) distress threshold
B) individualism
C) power distance
D) collectivism

Question 25

Sarah lives in a wealthy neighborhood and attends a prestigious university nearby. She has grown up having access to a number of social and educational opportunities. Her health care providers are one of the best around and she has not had any serious medical concerns. Sarah is content with her life circumstances, she exhibits a good ______.

A) distress threshold
B) emerging adulthood
C) quality of life
D) homotypic stability

Question 26

When an individual expresses complex behaviors with a focus on the well-being of others, shared traditions, and values their behavior is consistent with

A) individualism
B) assimilation
C) accommodation
D) collectivism

Question 27

Behaviors that were generally discouraged in childhood will be seen in clinics more often than generally acceptable behaviors-the resulting proportion is the

A) degeneration.
B) power distance.
C) distress threshold.
D) trolley dilemma.

Question 28

The assertion that when certain behaviors are discouraged among a culture the presence of such behaviors will be less common among mental health facility populations is characteristic of the

A) suppression-facilitation model
B) heterotypic stability model
C) openness model
D) homotypic stability model

Question 29

While human development scholars have distinguished a range of developmental stages they have also subdivided stages of adulthood. Which of the following is NOT a commonly distinguished stage of adulthood according to your text?

A) early adulthood
B) elderly adulthood
C) late adulthood
D) middle adulthood

Question 30

The assertion that generally discouraged childhood behaviors will be more frequently seen in clinics than acceptable behaviors is characteristic of

A) power distance.
B) assimilation.
C) distress threshold.
D) uncertainty orientation.

Question 31

The ______ model states that behaviors that are discouraged in a culture will be seen infrequently in mental health facilities.

A) heterotypic stability
B) homotypic stability
C) distress threshold
D) suppression-facilitation

Question 32

The famous thought exercise that asks an individual to use rational reasoning and make moral choices regarding the sacrifice of human life in order to save others is known as the

A) uncertainty orientation.
B) trolley dilemma.
C) distress threshold.
D) suppression-facilitation model.

Question 33

Michael believes that most adults learn behaviors and develop consistent personality features early in life and they do not change in later life. Michael adheres to the ______ model of stability and change.

A) openness
B) assimilation
C) consistency
D) socialization

Question 34

The process of adaptation or learning characterized by the adoption of operations with new objects into old mind patterns is called

A) assimilation.
B) collectivism.
C) accommodation.
D) individualism.

Question 35

______ is complex behavior based on concerns for other individuals and care for shared traditions and values.

A) Individualism
B) Power distance
C) Collectivism
D) Assimilation

Question 36

______ is the process of learning through the modification of one's mental structure to adapt to the new demands of the environment.

A) heterotypic stability
B) accommodation
C) Degeneration
D) assimilation

Question 37

Jennifer believes that behaviors and personality traits are constantly changing throughout the lifetime according to changing situations. Jennifer adheres to the ______ model of stability and change.

A) openness
B) assimilation
C) consistency
D) socialization

Question 38

The contrast between the progress of a child's learning with guidance and the child's achievement without guidance is known as the

A) accommodation.
B) distress threshold.
C) zone of proximal development.
D) suppression-facilitation model.

Question 39

______can be described as both a top-down process and a bottom-up process due to the impact of the social world on personality traits and the impact of personality on the social world.

A) Socialization
B) Assimilation
C) Collectivism
D) Human development

Question 40

Marcus has known Todd since elementary school and the two now attend college together. Marcus often asserts that Todd has not changed over the years in terms of his personality features. Marcus is describing Todd's

A) assimilation.
B) heterotypic stability.
C) degeneration.
D) homotypic stability.

Question 41

The new timeframe in an individual's life characterized by the delayed transition into adult roles for purposed of personal exploration is known as

A) human development.
B) the zone of proximal development.
C) emerging adulthood.
D) uncertainty orientation.

Question 42

The measurement of one observable personality feature consistency across a specific timeframe or over a lifetime is called

A) socialization.
B) homotypic stability.
C) collectivism.
D) heterotypic stability.

Question 43

Jennifer and Allison have been best friends for years and know each other quite well. Allison describes Jennifer's behavioral traits and personality features as adaptive to specific situations. However, Allison can attest to the consistency of Jennifer's level of conscientiousness over the years. Allison's testimony is consistent with

A) homotypic stability.
B) distress threshold.
C) heterotypic stability.
D) uncertainty orientation.

Question 44

The 38-week time frame prior to birth is called the

A) trolley dilemma.
B) socialization.
C) assimilation.
D) prenatal period.

Question 45

Coined in the 1800s, ______ refers to the generational regress in physical and psychological traits.

A) accommodation
B) degeneration
C) the trolley dilemma
D) distress threshold

Question 46

The process by which an individual who is uneducated, poor, and predisposed to substance abuse raises offspring who will maintain a poor life with a lack of social opportunities is called

A) degeneration.
B) the trolley dilemma.
C) the distress threshold.
D) the zone of proximal development.

Question 47

All of the following are components of a measure of quality of life mentioned in the text except

A) availability of resources.
B) differences between personality traits among family members.
C) physical and financial security.
D) education and health care quality.

Question 48

______ is characterized by a cultures tendency toward the acceptance of inequality among the common and the elite.

A) The suppression-facilitation model
B) The zone of proximal development
C) Power distance
D) The trolley dilemma

Question 49

The measure of similarity in the same observable personality feature in a particular period, including the life span, is referred to as

A) heterotypic stability.
B) emerging adulthood.
C) collectivism.
D) homotypic stability.

Question 50

______ is characterized by concern for others and is common among Asian countries.

A) Emerging adulthood
B) Collectivism
C) Assimilation
D) Individualism

Question 51

According to the text, human development scholars have distinguished all of the following development stages except

A) elderly adulthood.
B) adolescence.
C) infancy.
D) childhood.

Question 52

The belief that the punishment of violence should result in lower frequencies of violence among patients of mental health facilities is known as the

A) zone of proximal development
B) trolley dilemma
C) openness model
D) suppression-facilitation model

Question 53

The psychological consistency of an individual's personality features, including behavioral traits, across the life span are known as

A) the distress threshold.
B) heterotypic stability.
C) assimilation.
D) homotypic stability.

Question 54

Moral and immoral decision-making can be explored through the capacity for rational justification using ______ as an example.

A) the distress threshold
B) homotypic stability
C) the trolley dilemma
D) heterotypic stability

Question 55

The popular idea of a midlife crisis is characterized by all of the following except

A) realization of the pressures of age.
B) excessive anxiety about the future.
C) doubts about future plans.
D) fear of the past.

Question 56

Vygotsky initially developed the concept of ______to challenge standardized testing as a measurement of intelligence.

A) the trolley dilemma
B) the zone of proximal development
C) the consistency model
D) degeneration

Question 57

The ______ model states that most people do constantly change their behavior and adjust their traits to changing life situations.

A) openness
B) degeneration
C) consistency
D) accommodation

Question 58

An individual's socialization and development is best understood in the context of ______ or the individual's overall well-being as measured by education quality and financial security among other factors.

A) degeneration
B) assimilation
C) individualism
D) quality of life

Question 59

Emerging adulthood is characterized by self-focused exploration of possibilities in all of the following arenas of life except

A) work.
B) infancy.
C) relationships.
D) interests.

Question 60

The belief that personality and behavioral traits remain consistent across the life span of an individual is called

A) homotypic stability.
B) degeneration.
C) heterotypic stability.
D) collectivism.

Question 61

The belief that most adults acquire (or learn) behaviors and develop stable traits early in life and tend not to change them later is characteristic of the

A) consistency model.
B) distress threshold.
C) openness model.
D) power distance.

Question 62

An individual who experiences a strong religious family throughout childhood and who grows up to maintain such traits is a good example of the ______ model.

A) openness
B) assimilation
C) consistency
D) socialization

Question 63

The text describes an example of substance abuse in the form of glue among children. All of the following are personality changes they may experience as a result of this dependency except

A) collectivism.
B) anger.
C) violence.
D) irresponsibility.

Question 64

Mark comes from a poor, uneducated family with a history of substance abuse. As an adult, Mark has lived his life in poverty with little access to social opportunities and has been struggling with an increasingly detrimental substance abuse problem himself. Mark's family, including himself, have experienced

A) collectivism.
B) degeneration.
C) the trolley dilemma.
D) the distress threshold.

Question 65

One of Erikson's developmental stages, ______ extends from the late teens to the mid-20s (and even later) and is characterized by self-focused exploration of possibilities in work, relationships, interest, and values.

A) heterotypic stability
B) assimilation
C) emerging adulthood
D) homotypic stability

Question 66

The extent by which individual members of a society experience discontent with uncertainty and ambiguity is called

A) assimilation.
B) distress threshold.
C) socialization.
D) uncertainty avoidance.

Question 67

According to Erik Erikson, if a growing child is not allowed to discover their own talents, as adults they are likely to

A) maintain high self-esteem.
B) lack motivation.
C) have low self-esteem.
D) prefer passivity to action.

Question 68

______ cultures tend to emphasize a concern for others.

A) Individualistic
B) Degeneration
C) Collectivist
D) Assimilation

Question 69

In developmental psychology, the definite periods in an individual's life that are characterized by certain physical, psychological, behavioral, and social characteristics are called

A) collectivism.
B) developmental stages.
C) individualism.
D) socialization.

Question 70

Piaget's ______ stage is known for a learning experience through immediate experiences and the engagement with the immediate environment.

A) sensorimotor
B) animistic
C) preoperational
D) concrete operations

Question 71

Lev Vygotsky suggested that all of the following were transitional stages except

A) age 3
B) birth
C) age 13
D) age 5

Question 72

The development of creative play, acquisition of language, and development of imagination are characteristic of the ______ stage of development according to Jean Piaget.

A) concrete operations
B) preoperational
C) infantile
D) sensorimotor

Question 73

______ is the process by which an individual becomes a member of a society and takes on its ideas and behaviors.

A) Emerging adulthood
B) Socialization
C) The trolley dilemma
D) Degeneration

Question 74

The third stage of development known as ______, is characterized by the understanding of rules of logic and the start of comprehension of laws of physics.

A) concrete operations
B) preoperational
C) animistic
D) sensorimotor

Question 75

John would much rather express concern over himself or his immediate family. He is not likely to express concern for others he does not share a connection with. John exhibits

A) heterotypic stability.
B) collectivism.
C) homotypic stability.
D) individualism.

Question 76

Piaget's ______ stage is characterized by the development of abstract thinking.

A) sensorimotor
B) concrete operations
C) formal
D) preoperational

Question 77

The changes in physical, psychological, and social behavior that individual's experience across the life span, from conception to their last days, are called

A) human development.
B) assimilation.
C) socialization.
D) degeneration.

Question 78

Socialization can be understood as both a top-down and bottom-up process.

Question 79

Human development only involves growth.

Question 80

"The social" assumes that children should have certain natural predispositions to think, experience emotions, and act in a particular way.