Deck 10: Family and Marriage

Question 1

Family is defined by the __________ of its members to each other and to their children.

A) rights and obligations
B) genetic obligation
C) religious obligation
D) moral obligation

Answer 1

rights and obligations

Question 2

Weddings can be performed in a variety of manners and settings; however, they all consist of a __________ union.

A) moral
B) social and legal
C) societal norm
D) religious

Answer 2

social and legal

Question 3

The family social unit in which each parent establishes a separate nuclear family unit and the children from the original marriage are raised as a part of both new nuclear family units is called __________.

A) extended
B) blended
C) binuclear
D) reconstituted

Answer 3

binuclear

Question 4

__________ refers to having one spouse at a time, but having more than one spouse throughout one's life.

A) Polygamy
B) Divorcee
C) Monogamy
D) Serial monogamy

Question 5

Kinship is the social network that allows __________.

A) perpetuation of society
B) arranged marriage
C) economic benefits for families
D) legal obligations

Question 6

Inheritance is an example of the concept of __________.

A) marriage
B) kinship
C) friendship
D) royalty

Question 7

Evidence of marriage from marriage registries around the world indicates the crude marriage rate of __________ to be higher than that of the United States.

A) Argentina
B) France
C) China
D) Denmark

Question 8

According to the functional perspective on marriage, society regulates the family, and the trade-off for society is family __________.

A) participation in voting
B) setting norms for society
C) increasing the population
D) contributing to society

Question 9

Which theory promotes the idea that the family legitimizes and regulates sex, socializes and supports children, economically contributes to society, and provides mutual support and protection to society?

A) functional perspective
B) symbolic interaction perspective
C) conflict perspective
D) feminist perspective

Question 10

According to Fredrick Engels, a conflict theorist, the family benefits those people in power. An example of this is __________.

A) maintaining family wealth
B) socialization of children
C) mutual support and protection
D) maintaining family roles

Question 11

The belief that the nuclear family is the norm of society, when it really exists to benefit capitalism, is an example of what Marx called "false consciousness" and Gramsci called __________.

A) a "spur effort"
B) "inheritance"
C) "legitimization"
D) an "ideological illusion"

Question 12

The exchange of vows, wedding rings, and wedding dresses are examples of __________.

A) marriage obligations
B) marriage symbols
C) legal components of marriage ceremonies
D) religious symbols of marriage

Question 13

According to the symbolic interaction perspective, the purpose of wedding symbols includes the __________.

A) identification of the hierarchy
B) creation of false consciousness
C) regulation of social relationships
D) establishment of socialization

Question 14

Choosing a spouse who is similar to you is called __________.

A) assortative mating
B) practicing monogamy
C) exchange theory
D) the socialization process

Question 15

Arranged marriages are most likely in the __________ category.

A) monogamy
B) endogamy
C) polygamy
D) ideological illusions

Question 16

The exchange theory of marriage is considered by some to show that choosing a mate is a __________ decision.

A) physical chemistry
B) selfish
C) difficult
D) religious

Question 17

Weighing compatibilities of incomes, career goals, and values in a potential spouse is called the __________ theory.

A) exchange
B) assortative
C) mating
D) socialization

Question 18

Legal dissolution of a marriage is termed a __________.

A) sin
B) divorce
C) disruption
D) dissolvement

Question 19

Divorce is legal everywhere in the world except in the Philippines (unless you are Muslim) and in __________.

A) Italy
B) Paris, France
C) Salt Lake City, Utah
D) Vatican City

Question 20

Crude divorce rates include __________.

A) people who remarry
B) people who get annulments
C) divorces per 1,000 people
D) those who walk away from marriage

Question 21

The crude divorce rate in the United States has __________ over the past 30 years.

A) increased steadily
B) decreased drastically
C) increased drastically
D) decreased steadily

Question 22

What percentage of marriages in the United States will last eight years or more?

A) 50 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 10 percent

Question 23

According to the 2009 U.S. census, if you get married today, what is the likelihood you will be married to the same person 20 years from now?

A) 63 percent
B) 48 percent
C) 12 percent
D) 3 percent

Question 24

Overall, divorce is __________.

A) considered a rite of passage
B) being criminalized
C) being normalized
D) considered a moot issue

Question 25

Culturally, instead of being a lifelong commitment, marriage is maintained only __________.

A) when economically beneficial to both parties
B) for procreation
C) for social status
D) under favorable conditions

Question 26

The laws on divorce that make the divorce process easier are called __________.

A) no-fault divorces
B) irreconcilable differences
C) adultery laws
D) non-fulfillment laws

Question 27

In traditional family definitions, the overarching goal is __________.

A) making money
B) improvement of self
C) socializing children
D) contributing to society

Question 28

The traditional family in the United States includes __________.

A) homosexual parents
B) heterosexual parents
C) heterosexual or homosexual parents
D) binuclear or blended configurations

Question 29

Which of the following depicts a traditional family role in the United States?

A) Mother teaches children about emotions.
B) Father teaches children about emotions.
C) Mother teaches children about rationality.
D) Father teaches children about cooperation.

Question 30

The number of married couples in the United States with children has been __________ since 1960.

A) increasing slightly
B) decreasing slightly
C) increasing steadily
D) decreasing steadily

Question 31

The share of single-parent households in the United States is estimated to be __________ percent by 2020.

A) 20
B) 14
C) 11
D) 5

Question 32

The percentage of births to unmarried women (those outside traditional marriages) is highest among which race/ethnicity?

A) Asian
B) Black
C) Hispanic
D) White

Question 33

In which type of marriage is the goal to maximize the elements of friendship and sexual satisfaction?

A) traditional marriage
B) companion marriage
C) individualized marriage
D) cohabitation

Question 34

In which type of marriage is the goal to maximize the satisfaction of each spouse, with less concern for meeting the goals of the marital unit as a whole?

A) traditional marriage
B) companion marriage
C) individualized marriage
D) cohabitation

Question 35

In the wake of the deinstitutionalization of the traditional family model, which alternative living arrangement has risen to 36 percent of U.S. households?

A) independent living
B) cohabitation
C) worlds apart
D) living apart together

Question 36

What most commonly leads to "regretfully apart" LAT relationships?

A) employment situations
B) differences in personality
C) differences in recreational activity levels
D) inability to live in the same environment

Question 37

Which of the following issues is most common in single-parent families?

A) lack of safety in the home
B) low income
C) lack of extended family support
D) transitional home environments

Question 38

From the symbolic interaction perspective, what is the new symbolic groundwork for LGBT families?

A) creating a different symbol to replace the traditional wedding ring
B) allowing religious orders to perform weddings
C) choosing an alternative family for bonds of affection and support
D) developing rituals for adoption ceremonies

Question 39

Sociologists argue that women joining the labor force has __________.

A) decreased women's power in the family
B) increased wives' financial dependence on their husbands
C) increased the importance of husbands as economic providers
D) given women more power in the family

Question 40

Sociologists infer that because women are more likely than in the past to earn their own income, they have less economic reason to __________.

A) stay in a marriage
B) have children
C) go to counseling
D) take on household chores

Question 41

Upper-tier parents are more likely than lower-tier parents to __________.

A) be disengaged
B) divorce
C) be helicopter parents
D) emphasize obedience to work superiors

Question 42

Lower-tier parents socialize their children to __________.

A) value the status quo
B) achieve conventional success
C) strive for whatever each child dreams
D) attain economic success

Question 43

For most of history, prior to the concept of "romantic love," what is the primary reason people married?

A) for economic and political reasons
B) due to an unplanned pregnancy
C) due to an intense emotional identification
D) for social status

Question 44

Which kind of love do sociologists define as a passionate, long-term, caring, spiritualized
Relationship that includes emotional and sexual intimacy, fidelity, and companionship?

A) physical chemistry
B) unconditional love
C) fleeting love
D) romantic love

Question 45

What has replaced face-to-face rituals of finding a spouse?

A) Facebook
B) Internet dating
C) chat rooms
D) speed lunches

Question 46

What percentage of the U.S. population believes that the Internet is a good place to meet people?

A) more than 50 percent
B) less than 50 percent
C) only 20 percent
D) more than 80 percent

Question 47

Approximately what percentage of people in the United States believes the Internet is a good place to meet a mate?

A) 25 percent
B) 50 percent
C) 75 percent
D) 100 percent

Question 48

In a liquid society, being connected to others by loose and flexible bonds allows a person to __________.

A) develop more genuine friendships
B) maintain close personal ties with others
C) make emotional investments in relationships
D) easily break such bonds if the need arises

Question 49

Cultural forces that view marital vows as "let's see if this works out" may be responsible for __________.

A) the divorce rate
B) current millennial marriage patterns
C) the rate of cohabitation versus the rate of marriage
D) the independent living rate

Question 50

Which of the following explains the millennial generation's disinterest in marriage from a conflict theory perspective?

A) They have learned this attitude from earlier generations.
B) The media depiction of marriage and divorce hassles has influenced the generation.
C) It is a result of the quasi-economic logic that is embedded in capitalist culture.
D) They have a lack of understanding of traditional marriage vows.

Question 51

Explain this statement from the text: "In the United States, a popular conception of the family is a group of adults and children who share economic support, emotional warmth, and love. But that cozy image is only partially correct and, in many cases, entirely false."

Question 52

Describe the functional perspective on the role of marriage in regulating sexual activity.

Question 53

Define assortative mating and exchange theory, and explain how the two concepts interrelate.

Question 54

Describe how being raised in lower-tier families affects children's education, and explain how intervention to encourage early socialization can produce positive effects in adulthood.

Question 55

What are the trends in dating in a liquid society?