Deck 4: American Life in the Seventeenth Century,1607-1692

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
middle passage

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
William Berkeley

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
tidewater plantations

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
hinterland

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
jeremiad

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
the slave trade

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
headright system

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
hierarchy

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
militia

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
white slaves

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"chattels"

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Nathaniel Bacon

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
The Scarlet Letter

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
merchant-planters

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
slave codes

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
indentured servitude

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"freedom dues"

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harvard College

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Congregational Church

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
social structure

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Half-Way Covenant

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Bacon's Rebellion

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Royal African Company

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
blue bloods

Question 25

Seventeenth-century colonial tobacco growers usually responded to depressed prices for their crop by

A) selling excess slaves to produce extra income.
B) selling land to reduce their volume of production.
C) growing more tobacco and bringing more of it to market.
D) planting corn and wheat instead of tobacco.
E) cutting the wages of indentured servants.

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
midwifery

Question 27

____ reaped the greatest benefit from the land policies of the "headright" system.

A) Indentured servants
B) African slaves
C) Wealthy planters
D) New England colonists
E) Small farmers

Question 28

As the seventeenth century wore on,regional differences arose in the English colonies,most notably because of

A) varying degrees of involvement with the Atlantic economy.
B) greater loyalty to England in some regions.
C) religious differences between the different regions.
D) the breakdown of the plantation economy.
E) the increasing importance of slavery.

Question 29

What pushed poorer Englishmen to become indentured servants in the colonies?

A) Advertisements promising vast, free land awaiting them in the colonies
B) An opportunity for self-government
C) Too many unemployed farmers in England who were desperate for work
D) The chance to escape debtors' prison
E) The quest for riches in the New World

Question 30

Why did Maryland and Virginia develop and employ the "headright" system?

A) They needed a means to legally use Indians as forced labor.
B) They believed that giving land to indentured servants would entice them to come to the New World.
C) They thought that giving land to those who paid the passage of potential servants to America would help solve their labor needs.
D) They wanted a law to discourage the importation of indentured servants to America.
E) They hoped to insure that eldest sons would inherit their father's land.

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Chesapeake

Question 32

During the seventeenth century,indentured servitude at first seemed the best solution to the labor shortage.What was NOT one of the underlying reasons for this?

A) The Indian population proved to be an unreliable work force because they died in such large numbers.
B) African slaves cost too much money.
C) Many poor Englishmen were willing to mortgage their labor in exchange for passage to America.
D) Slaves was impossible to obtain.
E) Settler families procreated too slowly.

Question 33

Throughout the greater part of the seventeenth century,most of the labor in the tobacco fields of the Chesapeake region was performed by

A) African slaves.
B) white indentured servants.
C) Indians.
D) white and black wage earners.
E) prisoners of war.

Question 34

Where were families both few and fragile due to high death rates in the seventeenth century colonies?

A) New England
B) the Chesapeake colonies
C) the middle colonies
D) Georgia
E) Florida

Question 35

The population of the Chesapeake colonies throughout the first half of the seventeenth century was notable for its

A) fast growth rate.
B) scarcity of women.
C) low death rate.
D) stable family life.
E) large percentage of older men.

Question 36

During their term of labor,or at its completion,indentured servants might receive all of the following EXCEPT

A) passage to America.
B) a suit of clothes.
C) a few barrels of corn.
D) a headright.
E) a small parcel of land.

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Leisler's Rebellion

Question 38

By 1700,the most populous colony in English America was

A) Massachusetts.
B) Virginia.
C) New York.
D) Pennsylvania.
E) Maryland.

Question 39

What was common among brides in the Chesapeake colonies in the seventeenth century?

A) Large dowries in the form of land and slaves
B) Late age at first marriage
C) High pregnancy rates
D) Fathers' resistance to seeing their daughters marry
E) High rate of marriage to Indian men

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Salem Witch Trials

Question 41

In the seventeenth century,as slavery spread in the South,

A) economic differences within society narrowed.
B) the great plantation owners turned to lives of leisure.
C) the gaps in the South's social structure widened.
D) planters tried to imitate the ways of English country gentlemen.
E) the issue of mixed-race (mulatto) children became prominent.

Question 42

Bacon's Rebellion was supported mainly by

A) young men frustrated by their inability to acquire land.
B) the planter class of Virginia.
C) those protesting the increased importation of African slaves.
D) radical political ideologues.
E) the displaced Virginia Indians.

Question 43

The immediate reason for Bacon's Rebellion was

A) Indian policies and economic grievances.
B) the wealthy planter class losing control of the colony.
C) a shortage of indentured servants.
D) a shortage of African slaves.
E) a dramatic increase in the number of African slaves.

Question 44

Most of the inhabitants of the colonial American South were

A) slave-owning planters.
B) small landowning farmers.
C) landless farm laborers.
D) black slaves.
E) urban wage earners.

Question 45

What occurred by the end of the seventeenth century as the slave population grew and slavery as an institution expanded?

A) White owners became more comfortable living in a mixed race society.
B) There were large-scale slave rebellions across the colonies.
C) More and more slaves gradually purchased their freedom.
D) Indians were sold alongside blacks.
E) Slavery was increasingly shaped by racial discrimination.

Question 46

The 1662 Virginia slave codes are significant because they

A) attempted to protect slaves from abuse by masters.
B) granted new charters to would-be slave traders, which increased the number of slaves in the colonies.
C) made slaves and their children the property of masters for life.
D) required that slaves convert to Christianity before becoming free.
E) listed specific penalties for runaway or rebellious slaves.

Question 47

Most African slaves were originally captured by ____,who traded them in crude markets to itinerant European ── and American ── flesh merchants.

A) Spanish and Portuguese slave hunters
B) African coastal tribes
C) English slave hunters
D) Dutch sailors
E) English sailors

Question 48

What was the chief mode of transportation from one plantation to another in the seventeenth century South?

A) Horses
B) Roadways
C) Foot travel
D) Carriages
E) Waterways

Question 49

Most of the slaves who reached North America

A) came from western coastal Africa.
B) were captured by European slave hunters in Africa.
C) were Muslims from North Africa.
D) eventually gained their freedom.
E) ended up in the middle colonies.

Question 50

Which statement about the African slave trade in the Americas is FALSE?

A) Of the 10 million carried to the New World, only about 400,000 ended up in North America.
B) As late as 1670 they numbered only about 7 percent of the southern plantation population.
C) White servants were far less costly than the high priced African slaves.
D) Most were hauled to Spanish and Portuguese South America or the West Indies.
E) Black slaves outnumbered white servants in the Chesapeake by 1650.

Question 51

Which statement about Bacon's Rebellion is FALSE?

A) It made African slavery more appealing.
B) It encouraged planters to look for less troublesome laborers.
C) Governor Berkeley was dismissed from office.
D) Nathaniel Bacon died of disease during the rebellion.
E) Tensions between labor and planters endured long after it ended.

Question 52

After 1680,reliance on slave labor in colonial America rapidly increased because

A) indentured servants in America increasingly demanded better wages.
B) slave codes offered planters an incentive to buy more slaves.
C) the British Royal African company gained a monopoly on the slave trade in colonial America.
D) new laws made it easier and more profitable for Americans to enter the slave trade.
E) planters feared the growing number of landless freemen in the colonies.

Question 53

By 1750,slaves

A) saw their population decimated by disease.
B) came to America primarily from Nigeria.
C) were protected from harsh treatment by slave codes.
D) were a small but growing segment of the southern population.
E) equaled or outnumbered whites in some southern colonies.

Question 54

What was the "middle passage"?

A) The trip from the interior of Africa to the coast
B) A trip taken in the middle part of a ship
C) The journey taken by indentured servants to the colonies
D) A gruesome ocean voyage endured by slaves from Africa to America, which often resulted in death
E) The cost of shipping slaves from Africa to Virginia

Question 55

What was the destiny of an increasing number of indentured servants over the course of the seventeenth century?

A) Most eventually became landowners.
B) Many were forced into slavery.
C) Many managed to run away from their masters toward the frontier.
D) Many fell into landlessness and poverty.
E) Most saw their wages increase.

Question 56

The majority of African slaves coming to the New World

A) went to English North America.
B) arrived in the West Indies and South America.
C) came to New England.
D) were brought by the Dutch.
E) died before reaching their destination.

Question 57

Which statement about slavery is FALSE?

A) The Royal African Company held a monopoly on the colonial slave trade for nearly a century.
B) Early slaves were able to gain their freedom.
C) Some former slaves became slave owners.
D) After their capture in Africa, most slaves were branded before being shipped off for sale.
E) By 1680, slaves outnumbered indentured white servants as new arrivals to colonial plantations.

Question 58

By the end of the seventeenth century,what happened to indentured servants who gained their freedom?

A) They often became successful land speculators.
B) They were increasingly frustrated and vented it toward black slaves.
C) They abandoned agriculture for jobs in the cities.
D) They had little choice but to hire themselves out for low wages to their former masters.
E) They often returned to England.

Question 59

Urban development and an urban professional class,in the colonial South

A) rivaled that of New England.
B) kept pace with the growth of large plantations.
C) evolved from lots of interaction.
D) was slow to emerge.
E) was hampered by a large population of free blacks.

Question 60

Which country was the first to end the international slave trade?

A) France
B) Spain
C) United States
D) Africa
E) Great Britain

Question 61

In colonial New England,about half of all adults

A) married early and had several children.
B) were able to read and write.
C) arrived in New England unmarried.
D) died before becoming grandparents.
E) lived alone.

Question 62

Southern colonies generally allowed married women to retain separate title to their property because

A) of religious beliefs.
B) of English tradition.
C) southern men frequently died young.
D) southern families were stable.
E) of a smaller number of men than women.

Question 63

The Salem witchcraft trials were

A) a result of Roger Williams' agitation.
B) the result of unsettled social and religious conditions in rapidly evolving Massachusetts.
C) a reaction against the introduction of Quaker communism.
D) a result of masculine oppression of women.
E) stirred up by the daughters of Salem's business owners.

Question 64

Puritans refused to recognize a woman's separate property rights because

A) of the short life span of New England women.
B) they worried that it would undercut the unity of spouses in marriage.
C) New England families were so rare.
D) they distrusted women's ability to manage money.
E) they feared women would never marry.

Question 65

Influenced by Calvinism,soil,and climate,the New England character came to be known for all of the following traits EXCEPT for

A) idealism.
B) stubbornness.
C) self-reliance.
D) resourcefulness.
E) willfulness.

Question 66

The impact of New England on the rest of the nation can best be described as

A) greatly exaggerated.
B) generally negative.
C) confined primarily to New England.
D) extremely important.
E) primarily economic.

Question 67

The territorial expansion of New England society

A) proceeded in an orderly fashion.
B) was a rather haphazard process.
C) was undertaken by lone-wolf farmers on their own initiative.
D) undermined the authority of town government.
E) was caused primarily by religious conflict.

Question 68

The Half-Way Covenant

A) permitted half of the population of New England to attend church.
B) strengthened the distinction between the "elect" and all others.
C) brought an end to the jeremiads of Puritan ministers.
D) resulted in a decrease in church members.
E) admitted to baptism but not full membership the unconverted children of existing members.

Question 69

The Puritan system of democracy in congregational church government logically led to

A) an authoritarian political government.
B) the early establishment of religious toleration.
C) democracy in political government.
D) a theocracy controlled by the clergy.
E) a system based on individual rights and freedom of speech.

Question 70

The New England family can best be described as

A) relatively small in size due to the frequency of deaths from childbirth.
B) a very stable institution.
C) a limiting factor in the growth of the region's population.
D) a source of social conflict.
E) similar to the family in the Chesapeake colonies.

Question 71

Many conditions prevailed in New England as a result of its poor soil.What is NOT one of these conditions?

A) Hard work was required to make a living.
B) The area was less ethnically mixed than its southern neighbors.
C) Frugality became essential to economic survival.
D) Reliance on a single, staple crop became a necessity.
E) Fishing and shipping became crucial industries.

Question 72

The life expectancy of the first generations of Puritan colonists was

A) about forty-five years.
B) notably higher than that of present-day Americans.
C) about seventy years, not much different from present-day Americans.
D) less than that of people in the South
E) less than what it had been in Europe.

Question 73

During the Salem witchcraft trials,most of those accused as witches were

A) from families associated with Salem's burgeoning market economy.
B) from the ranks of poor families.
C) primarily non-Christian Indians.
D) unmarried teenagers.
E) from subsistence farming families.

Question 74

The early New England economy depended heavily on

A) slave labor.
B) manufacturing.
C) fishing, shipbuilding, and commerce.
D) tobacco.
E) dairy cattle and hogs.

Question 75

The Salem "witch hunt" in 1692

A) was the largest "witch hunt" in recorded history.
B) was primarily a result of contemporary superstition.
C) resulted in the executions of twenty people.
D) set off a wave of witchcraft persecutions throughout the colonies.
E) caused injury mostly in lost reputations and jobs for those accused.

Question 76

Thomas Jefferson once observed that "the best school of political liberty the world ever saw" was the

A) College of William and Mary.
B) Virginia House of Burgesses.
C) New England town meeting.
D) Chesapeake plantation system.
E) English parliament.

Question 77

In seventeenth century colonial America all of the following were true EXCEPT

A) men controlled the sphere of childbirth.
B) women could not vote.
C) women were regarded as morally weaker than men.
D) divorce was largely forbidden.
E) convicted adulterers were whipped and forced to wear the letter "A" on their clothing.

Question 78

What did NOT occur when new towns were established in New England?

A) Parcels of land were distributed by town fathers.
B) A meeting house was built.
C) A village green was laid out.
D) Schools were required in towns of more than fifty families.
E) Most land was held in common by the town.

Question 79

What is NOT one of the ways in which New Englanders differed from their counterparts in the Chesapeake?

A) New England had a more diversified economy.
B) Chesapeake settlers expanded westward in a less orderly fashion.
C) New Englanders were more likely to migrate as families.
D) Chesapeake colonists enjoyed better weather and a healthier climate.
E) New Englanders had a longer life expectancy.

Question 80

One consequence of New England's uninviting land was

A) an urban migration.
B) the absence of Indian competition.
C) a dislike for agriculture.
D) a desire among Puritans to move into the Southern colonies.
E) a lack of immigration and thus less ethnic diversity than other regions.