Question 1

The epiglottis:&#10;A) prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages.&#10;B) secretes surfactants.&#10;C) is considered a true vocal cord.&#10;D) is concerned with exchange of the respiratory gases.

Accepted Answer

The epiglottis acts as a flap, a very important flap. It covers the opening of the trachea during swallowing so food does not enter the lungs.

Question 2

The trachea does not collapse because it is:&#10;A) located within the lungs.&#10;B) composed of smooth muscle.&#10;C) surrounded by ribs.&#10;D) partially surrounded by C-shaped tough cartilaginous rings.

Accepted Answer

C-shaped rings of cartilage partially surround the trachea for its entire length and serve to keep it open.

Question 3

What is the name of the upper, rounded portion of the lung?&#10;A) superior lobe&#10;B) apex&#10;C) inferior lobe&#10;D) base

Accepted Answer

The upper rounded part of the lung is called the apex, and the lower portion is called the base.

Question 4

Which of the following refers to the amount of air maximally exhaled after maximal inhalation?&#10;A) tidal volume&#10;B) total lung capacity&#10;C) expiratory reserve volume&#10;D) vital capacity

Accepted Answer

Vital capacity is the maximal amount of air exhaled after a maximal inhalation.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a function of the pharynx?&#10;A) conducts food toward the esophagus&#10;B) conducts liquids toward the renal area&#10;C) conducts air to the larynx as it moves toward the lungs&#10;D) contains the tonsils and the openings for the eustachian tubes

Accepted Answer

The pharynx conducts food toward the esophagus (tube for food to enter the stomach). The pharynx also conducts air to the larynx as it moves toward the lungs. The pharynx contains two other structures: the openings from the eustachian tubes (auditory tubes) and the tonsils.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a name for one of the sections of the pharynx?&#10;A) rhinopharynx&#10;B) nasopharynx&#10;C) laryngopharynx&#10;D) oropharynx

Accepted Answer

The pharynx includes three parts: the nasopharynx (upper section), the oropharynx (middle section), and the laryngopharynx (lower section).

Question 7

What does Boyle's law state?&#10;A) When volume increases, pressure increases.&#10;B) When volume decrease, pressure decreases.&#10;C) When volume increases, pressure decreases.&#10;D) A change in volume has no effect on pressure.

Accepted Answer

As the volume in the lung increases, the pressure in the lung (P2) decreases (satisfying Boyle's law).

Question 8

The phrenic nerve:&#10;A) causes relaxation of the bronchioles.&#10;B) supplies the epiglottis so that food is diverted to the esophagus.&#10;C) stimulates the diaphragm to contract.&#10;D) exits from the spinal cord at the L3 level.

Accepted Answer

Firing of the phrenic nerve stimulates the diaphragm to contract.

Question 9

How is most carbon dixiode transported in the blood?&#10;A) by hemoglobin&#10;B) as bicarbonate&#10;C) by pulmonary surfactants&#10;D) dissolved in plasma

Accepted Answer

Note that the blood carries most of the carbon dioxide in the form of bicarbonate.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true about the aging respiratory system?&#10;A) By the age of 70 years, vital capacity has decreased about 33%.&#10;B) Aging is an increase in the total number of alveoli.&#10;C) By the age of 70 years, all the alveoli have collapsed.&#10;D) Because of the decrease in vital capacity, a person older than 70 years should not exercise.

Accepted Answer

As a person ages, lung capacity decreases. The decrease in lung capacity is caused by the loss of elasticity of the lung tissue and diminished efficiency of the respiratory muscles. By the age of 70 years, vital capacity has decreased 33%.

Deck 22: Respiratory System