Deck 12: Inner and East Asia

Question 1

Chinese transportation innovations during the Song period included significant design improvement of this device.

A) The sextant
B) The astrolabe
C) The caravel
D) The compass
E) The horse cart

Answer 1

The compass

Question 2

The use of "flying money" in the Song Empire was essentially a form of intercity and interregional

A) credit.
B) transportation.
C) travel.
D) commerce.
E) barter.

Answer 2

credit.

Question 3

To facilitate communication and trade between northern and southern China, the Sui built the

A) Great Wall.
B) Yangtze River Highway.
C) Grand Canal.
D) Trans China Relay System.
E) Great Qin Highway.

Answer 3

Grand Canal.

Question 4

Chinese maritime innovations included

A) lateen sails and astrolabes.
B) gunboats and maps.
C) compasses and large oceangoing ships called junks.
D) the bulwark and jute rope.
E) carrier pigeons and cannon.

Question 5

The use of printed materials in rural life included all of the following except:

A) advice on irrigation
B) information on harvesting techniques.
C) directions for cross pollination of crops.
D) instructions for weaving.
E) illustrations on threshing.

Question 6

Historians state that Song technological innovations led to

A) widespread pollution and destruction of Song society.
B) constant warfare due to competition for resources.
C) abandonment of their traditional work ethic.
D) abandonment of Confucianism as incompatible with industry.
E) the Song coming close to having an industrial revolution.

Question 7

Which are important technological innovations of the Song Empire?

A) The stern-mounted rudder, high-quality steel, and gunpowder
B) Silk, the saddle, and the printing press
C) The battering ram, the chariot, and the lateen sail
D) The astrolabe, the horse collar, and the crossbow
E) The clock, paper, and the cure for the plague

Question 8

After the decline of the Tang Empire, the states that emerged were

A) Qin, Han, and Yuan.
B) Mongolia, Manchuria, and Koryo.
C) Tanggut, Song, and Liao.
D) Jurchen, Manchuria, and Siberia.
E) Turkmenistan, Guanjo, and Siam.

Question 9

What was not one of the reasons for the fall of the Sui dynasty?

A) Overextension of territory
B) The high cost of their public works programs
C) Assassination of the emperor
D) The need for massive resources
E) Adherence to Buddhism

Question 10

Among scientific observations by Song intellectuals was

A) the explosion of the Crab Nebula in 1054
B) the discovery of sun spots
C) invention of a zero for mathematic calculations.
D) retrograde motion of Mercury.
E) recirculation of blood through the arterial system.

Question 11

The complex network of religious influence in the Tang dynasty was based on this form of Buddhism.

A) Zen
B) Ayuravedic
C) Theraveda
D) Mahayana
E) Nichiren

Question 12

The Tang Empire is considered "cosmopolitan" because

A) its breadth of diversity in styles, goods, and cultures from every part of Asia.
B) the peasants were mandated to live in the cities.
C) public education was mandatory.
D) the government fully supported artists, musicians, and dancers.
E) there was social equality.

Question 13

What was the political influence of Buddhism in the Tang Empire?

A) It taught strict obedience to a hierarchy.
B) It taught oneness with nature.
C) It accorded emperors the spiritual function of welding the people into a harmonious society.
D) It taught that the king was descended from a god.
E) It taught the Chinese tolerance for all peoples.

Question 14

Gunpowder was first used to propel clusters of flaming arrows by the Chinese against whom?

A) Mongols
B) Xiongnu
C) Uighers
D) Jurchens
E) Liao

Question 15

In the aftermath of the Tang Empire, three new states emerged: the Khitan, the Tanggut, and the ____________.

A) Uigher
B) Song
C) Minyak
D) Jurchens
E) Seljuks

Question 16

The people of the Liao Empire of the Khitans

A) had a pastoral tradition and were excellent horsemen.
B) constructed the foundation of the Koryo Empire.
C) made the city now known as Beijing its capital.
D) were the builders of the Great Wall.
E) discouraged all Confucian ideas and practices as too Chinese.

Question 17

The most serious rivals to the Tang Empire were the

A) Mongols and the Berbers.
B) Vikings and the Huns.
C) Uigurs and Tibetans.
D) Arabs and Japanese.
E) Russians and Koreans.

Question 18

The Tang Empire declined when

A) earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities.
B) plague swept the capital.
C) the Grand Canal silted up and the government couldn't afford to dredge it.
D) political decay and military decline undermined the social order.
E) the Yellow River flooded and destroyed all of the good farmland.

Question 19

Which of the following cannot be said about Zhu Xi's neo-Confucianism?

A) It emphasized individual moral and social responsibility.
B) It asserted that man is naturally good.
C) It asserted that the ideal human is the warrior.
D) It asserted that the ideal human is the sage.
E) It developed as a reaction to many centuries of Buddhist and Daoist intellectual dominance.

Question 20

The tributary system was a practice in which

A) the emperor traveled to foreign countries to pledge his allegiance to them.
B) independent countries acknowledged the supremacy of the Chinese emperor.
C) the emperor made an annual trip down the Grand Canal.
D) the emperor made a pilgrimage to please the gods and the ancient ancestors.
E) China built new canals for transportation and irrigation.

Question 21

Some Buddhists drew upon Indian and Tibetan folk practice and created a meditative practice known generally as Chan Buddhism and by this specific term in Japan.

A) yoga
B) kung fu
C) Zen Buddhism.
D) Ju Duo
E) pranayama

Question 22

By instituting civil service examinations for entrance into the government bureaucracy, the Song

A) ensured that only the wealthy elite would retain positions of power.
B) recruited the most talented men for government service.
C) tried to limit the number of civil servants.
D) drove the most talented people out of the country.
E) severely limited its ability to get competent civil servants.

Question 23

It appears that women enjoyed greater status in Korea and Vietnam; for example,

A) samurai warriors could be either male or female.
B) the Fujiwara family was led by a matriarchy that passed property through the female line.
C) the Yi sisters of Korea led a revolt against the imposition of taxes.
D) the Trung sisters of Vietnam led local farmers in resistance against invaders.
E) women were allowed to join the priesthood and perform religious rituals.

Question 24

Which of the following Chinese customs did the Japanese choose not to implement?

A) Architectural styles
B) A Confucian-style central government
C) The study of Buddhism
D) The Confucian legal code
E) Walls around its cities for protection

Question 25

During the Song period, women experienced subordination and social restriction, epitomized by

A) a decrease in voting rights.
B) widow-burning.
C) veiling.
D) footbinding.
E) loss of custody of their children after divorce.

Question 26

On the basis of present evidence, most scholars believe that the first unification of central Japan occurred when

A) Korean warriors united the small countries of Japan under a central government.
B) Jin warriors united the small countries of Japan under a central government.
C) Chinese warriors united the small countries of Japan under a central government.
D) the sun goddess came to earth and gave Japan her grandson.
E) the indigenous tribes fought to the death for supremacy.

Question 27

Sei Shonagon is famous for what?

A) Being an accomplished warrior.
B) Writing The Pillow Book.
C) Writing a collection of poetry called the Manyoshu.
D) Writing The Tale of Genji.
E) Becoming Japan's only female emperor.

Question 28

Prior to contact with China, Koreans believed in the practice of certain individuals being able to contact ancestors and the invisible spirit world. This religion is called...

A) Hinduism.
B) Christianity.
C) Islam.
D) Shamanism.
E) Atheism.

Question 29

Japanese emperors

A) seldom wielded any real political power.
B) required the Mandate of Heaven to maintain power.
C) came from constantly changing lineages.
D) maintained tight political control.
E) were never female.

Question 30

Which of the following was replaced in China by the Korean innovation called moveable type?

A) Ink making
B) Calligraphy
C) Woodblock printing
D) Papermaking
E) Printing press

Question 31

Which of the following statements about the development of movable type and the availability of printed material is not true?

A) It gave people access to information on planting and irrigation.
B) It furthered the development of new agricultural land in the south.
C) It led to the adaptation of iron plows and rakes for wet-rice cultivation.
D) It spread information on how to prevent disease.
E) It helped spread subversive ideas and caused a number of rebellions, just as printing would in the West in the sixteenth century.

Question 32

The first knowledge of Korea, Japan and Vietnam was demonstrated by

A) travel accounts of Marco Polo
B) early Chinese travelers and officials.
C) the exodus of Buddhist monks.
D) reports of areas for conquest from the Khitan
E) Buddhist missionaries.

Question 33

As prosperity and population increased in Song China, Chinese officials

A) invented birth control methods to control population growth.
B) suppressed personal freedom and wealth.
C) sent people to fight wars in foreign lands as a population release valve.
D) developed water management, waste management, and firefighting techniques.
E) began to expand China's territory and settle people in the newly acquired lands.

Question 34

Among the tribute gifts brought to Song China from Champs was:

A) nutritious lentils.
B) poisonous projectiles.
C) quick-ripening rice.
D) metered poetry.
E) tea.

Question 35

According to Neo-Confucianism, the person who could preserve mental stability and serenity was the

A) soldier.
B) sage.
C) monk.
D) merchant.
E) simple peasant.

Question 36

Confucianism spread to East Asia with the spread of

A) the bubonic plague.
B) slavery.
C) the ideographic Chinese writing system.
D) Daoism.
E) the Mongols.

Question 37

Why did the Fujiwara family of Heian Japan choose to entrust responsibility for local government to their warriors, called "samurai"?

A) They did not have enough power to do it themselves.
B) They preferred aesthetic pursuits.
C) As Confucian gentlemen, it was below them.
D) They spent too much time learning Buddhism and praying.
E) They had no choice; the warriors were too powerful.

Question 38

Identify the following term(s).
Grand Canal

Question 39

In the early tenth century, Korea was united under which dynasty?

A) Pyongyong
B) Han
C) Paekche
D) Koryo
E) Shilla

Question 40

The Song system of credit was based on guarantees that paper money could be redeemed for coinage. This was called

A) "flying money."
B) mercantilism.
C) "xinming."
D) "paper tiger."
E) "dollar dragon."

Question 41

Identify the following term(s).
Li Shimin

Question 42

Identify the following term(s).
Champa rice

Question 43

Identify the following term(s).
Tang Empire

Question 44

Identify the following term(s).
Chang'an

Question 45

Identify the following term(s).
junk

Question 46

Identify the following term(s).
tributary system

Question 47

Identify the following term(s).
Song Empire

Question 48

Identify the following term(s).
Zen

Question 49

Identify the following term(s).
Sui

Question 50

Market roads, long-distance roads, the Grand Canal, and caravan and sea routes all had important functions under the Sui and Tang. How was the city of Chang'an a key component of this network of transportation?

Question 51

Identify the following term(s).
Fujiwara

Question 52

Identify the following term(s).
Su Song

Question 53

Identify the following term(s).
Li Qingzhao

Question 54

Identify the following term(s).
gunpowder

Question 55

Identify the following term(s).
Silla

Question 56

Identify the following term(s).
movable type

Question 57

Identify the following term(s).
shamanism

Question 58

Identify the following term(s).
neo-Confucianism

Question 59

Identify the following term(s).
Koryo

Question 60

Identify the following term(s).
Kamakura shogunate

Question 61

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.2, analyze the boundaries of the following empires when each was at its largest: the Tang, the Song, the Liao, the Tanggut, and the Jin. Include the date when each empire reached its maximum geographic growth. Consider how the Song Empire had the most influence on Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia.

Question 62

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.1, trace the borders of the Tang Empire and Tibet, and describe the relationship between these countries.

Question 63

Discuss the economic growth of China during the Tang era. How did the process of "import substitution" affect the growth of trade, as well as new technology for producing goods?

Question 64

What was the tributary system?

Question 65

Three cultural influences that fell victim to a backlash during the Tang dynasty were _______________.

Question 66

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.3, explain the absorption of Chinese culture and customs by Korea and Japan. How does geography explain both their imitation of China and their independent development?

Question 67

What role did the adherence to Mahayana Buddhism play in the Tang era?

Question 68

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.1, discuss how the geography of the Tang Empire helps explain its "cosmopolitan" nature. Identify all the different cultural influences in the Tang Empire by using the Map (in the textbook).

Question 69

Describe the influence Confucianism and Buddhism had on the spread of Chinese culture in Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia.

Question 70

At the start of this chapter, which empire in sixth-century China had fragmented and declined and was taken over by the Tang?

Question 71

Why were many Buddhist monasteries were destroyed in the ninth century?

Question 72

Describe how the Tang Empire blended Chinese and Turkish elements to create what the chapter calls a "cosmopolitan world."

Question 73

How did the empires of the Liao, Jin, and Tanggut in northern and Central Asia differ from Song China?

Question 74

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.1, discuss how Central Asia became a "crossroads" in the exchange of knowledge and goods. Which geographical elements made it a "crossroads" and which elements restricted the exchange to the Indian subcontinent?

Question 75

What was the importance of Confucianism in East Asia, and why was it so readily adopted in East Asia but not so well in Inner Asia?

Question 76

Discuss the absorption and also repression of Buddhism in China. What was the impact of these two trends in Asian history?

Question 77

What were some of the most important aspects of the Song technological explosion? How was the technological explosion shared with people?

Question 78

Using Map (in the textbook) 12.1, locate the Tang capital of Chang'an on the Map (in the textbook). Why is this city important? What geographical factors make this an important city?