Deck 19-1: Cancer Medicine (Oncology)—Part 1

Question 1

Agent or device used in radiation therapy for tumors:

A) Steroid
B) Antibiotic
C) Antimetabolite
D) Linear accelerator
E) Plant alkaloid

Answer 1

Linear accelerator

Question 2

Example of a known type of inherited cancer:

A) Bone cancer
B) Lung cancer
C) Retinoblastoma
D) Basal cell carcinoma
E) Adenocarcinoma of the cervix

Answer 2

Retinoblastoma

Question 3

Fulguration:

A) Destruction of tissue by electric sparks
B) Treatment with drugs
C) Treatment with radiation
D) Tumor removal by surgical excision
E) Aspiration biopsy technique

Answer 3

Destruction of tissue by electric sparks

Question 4

Which term means assisting or aiding?

A) Lethal
B) Fractionation
C) Aspiration
D) Adjuvant
E) Grading

Question 5

Description of a fungating tumor:

A) Open, exposed surface on the tumor
B) Containing dead tissue
C) Characterized by inflammation
D) Large, soft, flesh tumor
E) Mushrooming pattern of growth as tumor cells pile on top of each other

Question 6

Exenteration is BEST described as:

A) Freezing malignant tissue
B) Scraping cells from affected region
C) Burning of tumors
D) Wide resection of tumor and removal of surrounding tissue
E) Taking material from the vagina or cervix to be analyzed microscopically

Question 7

An estrogen receptor assay is BEST described as a test for:

A) Presence of carcinoembryonic antigen in the blood
B) Level of human chorionic gonadotropin in serum
C) Presence of a protein antigen in serum of patients with liver or testicular cancer
D) Concentration of hormone receptor sites in cells of patients with breast cancer
E) Amount of carcinogenic hormones in the bloodstream of patients with cancer

Question 8

Mutation:

A) Inheritable change in a cell
B) Specialization of cells
C) Plan for treatment of an illness
D) Cell division
E) Giving radiation in small doses

Question 9

Example of a solid tumor derived from epithelial tissue:

A) Leiomyoma
B) Rhabdomyoma
C) Chondrosarcoma
D) Adenocarcinoma of the lung
E) Ewing sarcoma

Question 10

Mutagenic means :

A) Producing a change in the DNA of a cell
B) Increased cell growth
C) New growth in numbers of cells
D) Tumors that are large and fleshy
E) A high degree of differentiation of cells

Question 11

Growths with sessile and pedunculated types:

A) Polypoid
B) Cystic
C) Medullary
D) Verrucous
E) Necrotic

Question 12

Radioresistant tumor is a tumor:

A) That can be completely eradicated by chemotherapy
B) In which large doses of radiation are required to produce death of cells
C) In which irradiation causes death of cancer cells without damage to surrounding tissue
D) That is not significantly affected by drug treatment
E) That is resistant to surgical intervention

Question 13

Localized tumor growth:

A) Metastasis
B) Carcinoma in situ
C) Pleomorphic
D) Anaplastic
E) Sarcoma

Question 14

Cauterization:

A) Treating a tumor with freezing temperatures
B) Treating tissue with heat
C) Drying tissue electrically
D) Surgical puncture to remove fluid
E) Removing cells by scraping the walls of an organ

Question 15

Scirrhous-type tumors:

A) Form small nipple-like projections
B) Form small, microscopic glandular-type sacs
C) Consist of hard, densely packed tumor cells
D) Resemble squamous epithelial cells
E) Contain a variety of tumor cells

Question 16

Modality means :

A) Method of treatment
B) Damage to normal tissue
C) Change in genetic material
D) Description of the diagnosis
E) Death of cells

Question 17

Staging a tumor means :

A) Assessing the degree of differentiation
B) Analyzing the microscopic appearance of tumor cells
C) The tumor has spread
D) Assessing the extent of tumor spread
E) Need for radiotherapy

Question 18

Example of genetic material that causes cancer:

A) Vinyl chloride
B) Hydrocarbons
C) Alkylating agents
D) Oncogenes

Question 19

Spread of malignant tumors to a distant location:

A) Metastasis
B) Anaplasia
C) Infiltration
D) Invasion
E) Encapsulation

Question 20

Pharmacokinetics is BEST described as:

A) A type of ionizing radiation
B) Study of the distribution and removal of drugs in the body
C) A method of giving x-ray treatment
D) Use of drugs to increase the sensitivity of tumors to x-rays
E) Abnormal growth of cells

Question 21

Condition of being diseased:

A) morbitity
B) morbidity
C) morbitidy

Question 22

Hair loss, often a side effect of chemotherapy or radiotherapy:

A) Alopecia
B) Myelosuppression
C) Mucositis
D) Fibrosis
E) Erythema

Question 23

Densely packed tumors:

A) scirrhous
B) skirrus
C) scirrhus

Question 24

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Specialization of cells

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 25

Hypoplasia of bone marrow:

A) Alopecia
B) Myelosuppression
C) Mucositis
D) Fibrosis
E) Erythema

Question 26

Replication of cells:

A) miteosis
B) mitosis
C) meiosis

Question 27

Piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis:

A) Incisional biopsy
B) Liver and spleen scan
C) Peritoneoscopy
D) Bone marrow biopsy
E) Laparoscopy

Question 28

Select the correctly spelled term for the definition.
Malignant tumor of fibrous tissue:

A) fibrosacroma
B) fibrosarcoma
C) fibrosarkoma

Question 29

Return of disease symptoms:

A) relaspe
B) relapse
C) relapze

Question 30

Specialization of cells:

A) differentiation
B) differantiation
C) differentsheation

Question 31

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Programmed cell death

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 32

Plan for treatment:

A) protocal
B) protokol
C) protocol

Question 33

Interferon is BEST described as a/an:

A) Carcinogen
B) Molecularly targeted therapy
C) Alkylating agent used for chemotherapy
D) Type of electron beam
E) Biologic response modifier

Question 34

Additional treatment:

A) adjuvant chemotherapy
B) adjivent chemotherapy
C) adjuvent chemotherapy

Question 35

Abnormal growth of connective tissue, often a side effect of radiation therapy to the lungs:

A) Alopecia
B) Myelosuppression
C) Mucositis
D) Fibrosis
E) Erythema

Question 36

Pertaining to tumors filled with mucus:

A) mucinous
B) mucanous
C) musinous

Question 37

Redness of skin, often a side effect of radiation therapy:

A) Alopecia
B) Myelosuppression
C) Mucositis
D) Fibrosis
E) Erythema

Question 38

Inflammation of the inner lining of an organ:

A) Alopecia
B) Myelosuppression
C) Mucositis
D) Fibrosis
E) Erythema

Question 39

A cancerous tumor derived from bone:

A) Adenocarcinoma
B) Osteogenic sarcoma
C) Osteoma
D) Chondrosarcoma
E) Wilms tumor

Question 40

Return of symptoms of disease:

A) Remission
B) Mutation
C) Metastasis
D) Relapse
E) Differentiation

Question 41

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Cells are scraped from an area of suspected disease and examined microscopically

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 42

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Replication of cells; two identical cells are produced from a parent cell

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 43

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Drug that increases the sensitivity of tumors to radiation therapy

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 44

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Localized cancer; confined to the site of origin

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 45

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Synthetic chemicals containing groups that interfere with DNA synthesis

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 46

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Cellular substance, ribonucleic acid, that is important in protein synthesis

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 47

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Region of DNA found in tumor cells; examples are abl, ras, and src

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 48

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 49

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Infectious agent that reproduces by entering a host cell and using the host's genetic material to make copies of itself

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 50

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Giving radiation therapy in small, repeated doses

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 51

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Malnutrition associated with chronic disease (such as malignancy) and ill health

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 52

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Pertaining to producing change in cells

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 53

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Rays given off by the sun

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 54

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Condition of being diseased

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 55

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Possessing a stem or stalk; characteristic of some polypoid tumors

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 56

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Removal of tumor along with a large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 57

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using small incisions and an endoscope

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 58

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Spread of a malignant tumor to a secondary site

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 59

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Malignant tumor of epithelial tissue (glandular cells)

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 60

Match the following terms pertaining to cancer treatment with the correct descriptions/definitions.

Loss of specialization of cells; reversion to a more primitive type

A)adenocarcinoma
B)alkylating agents
C)anaplasia
D)apoptosis
E)cachexia
F)carcinoma in situ
G)differentiation
H)en bloc resection
I)exfoliative cytology
J)fibrosarcoma
K)fractionation
L)laparoscopy
M)metastasis
N)morbidity
O)mutagenic
P)oncogene
Q)pedunculated
R)radiosensitizer

Question 61

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Characterized by large, open, exposed surfaces

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 62

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Genetic material within the nucleus that controls replication and protein synthesis

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 63

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Cauterization

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 64

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Tumors resemble wart-like growths

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 65

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Growths are projections from a base (sessile and pedunculated)

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 66

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Containing dead tissue

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 67

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Region of genetic material that causes cancer; found in tumor cells or viruses

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 68

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Pelvic exenteration

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 69

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Mushrooming pattern of growth

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 70

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Tumors form large, open spaces filled with fluid

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 71

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Excisional biopsy

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 72

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Cryosurgery

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 73

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Tumors are large, soft, and fleshy

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous

Question 74

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Incisional biopsy

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 75

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

Fulguration

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 76

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Energy carried by a stream of particles

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 77

Match the descriptions/definitions with the correct surgical procedures.

En bloc resection

A)removal of tumor and a margin of abnormal tissue for diagnosis of and possible cure for small tumors
B)removal of entire tumor with large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes
C)burning a lesion
D)destruction of tissue using heat
E)cutting into tumor and removing a piece to establish diagnosis
F)freezing a lesion
G)wide resection involving tumor, organ of origin, and surrounding tissue in the area of the hip

Question 78

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

An agent that causes cancer; hydrocarbons, insecticides, and hormones are examples

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 79

Match the terms or abbreviations with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Change in the genetic material of a cell

A)chemical carcinogen
B)DNA
C)mitosis
D)mutation
E)oncogene
F)radiation
G)RNA
H)ultraviolet radiation
I)virus

Question 80

Match the following gross features of tumors with their correct descriptions/definitions.

Characterized by redness, swelling, and heat

A)cystic
B)fungating
C)inflammatory
D)medullary
E)necrotic
F)polypoid
G)ulcerating
H)verrucous