Question 1

Which of the following safety features can significantly decrease radiation exposure?&#10;A) High-speed film, filtration, short cone rectangular collimation, and lead aprons&#10;B) Slow-speed film, filtration, long cone rectangular collimation, lead aprons, and thyroid collars&#10;C) High-speed film, filtration, long cone rectangular collimation, lead aprons, and thyroid collars&#10;D) High-speed film, filtration, long cone rectangular collimation, lead aprons, and talus shields

Accepted Answer

Safety features in use, such as high-speed film, filtration, long cone rectangular collimation, lead aprons, and thyroid collars, significantly decrease radiation exposure. Safety features also include long (not short) cone rectangular collimation and also thyroid collars. Film should be high-speed not slow-speed. There is no need to shield the talus (ankle) bone but it is important to shield the thyroid.

Question 2

Perimylolysis is rare in pregnancy but may occur if:&#10;A) a woman ingests too much calcium or too many prenatal vitamins.&#10;B) the woman exhibits signs of preeclampsia.&#10;C) the woman has a twin gestation.&#10;D) a woman vomits repeatedly from severe morning sickness.

Accepted Answer

Acid erosion of the dentition is rare in pregnancy but may occur if a woman vomits repeatedly from severe morning sickness. Ingesting calcium or prenatal vitamins does not promote acid erosion of the dentition. Preeclampsia would not cause acid erosion of the dentition. A woman carrying twins is at no more risk than a mother carrying a single baby of developing acid erosion of the dentition.

Question 3

Osteoporosis includes significant loss of bone mass and may be detected:&#10;A) with a patient history.&#10;B) during a patient's physical.&#10;C) while undergoing ovulation induction.&#10;D) with the use of DEXA, QCT, or RA, or after fractures occur.

Accepted Answer

Often osteoporosis may not be detected until a fracture occurs. By this time, significant loss of bone mass has placed the client at risk for future fractures, despite the fact that the original fracture will heal. Fast and painless tests can diagnose osteoporosis in its early stages: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and radiographic absorptiometry (RA). Other than a previous history of a fracture or osteoporosis, the client history does not provide enough information for diagnosis. Osteoporosis cannot be detected during a physical examination. Ovulation induction does not diagnose osteoporosis.

Question 4

A woman is in her third trimester and is positioned toward a right-handed clinician so that the mandibular linguals may be seen with direct vision. Suddenly, the client begins sweating and reports feeling weak and nauseated. The clinician takes her blood pressure and finds that it is very low. What could be happening and what should the clinician do?

A) Postural hypotension; place the client on her right side and in a semisupine position.
B) Postural hypotension; place the client on her left side and in a supine or semisupine position.
C) Postural hypotension; place the client on her left side with her head elevated.
D) Hypotensive syndrome; place the client on her left side with her head elevated.

Accepted Answer

In a semireclined or supine position, the enlarged uterus compresses the inferior vena cava. This interferes with venous return, causing postural hypotension, also known as supine hypotensive syndrome. Symptoms may include an abrupt fall in blood pressure, bradycardia, sweating, nausea, weakness, and air hunger, which may cause a decrease in cardiac output, and, if prolonged, eventual loss of consciousness. Placing the pregnant woman on her left side and in a semisupine position while she receives dental hygiene care removes pressure on the vena cava, which allows blood to return from the lower extremities and pelvic area. The patient should be placed on her left side to reduce the pressure on the inferior vena cava. The patient's head should be lowered not elevated. Although hypotensive syndrome is also the correct answer for what is occurring, the patient's head should be lowered not elevated.

Question 5

Menopause may begin 10 years before the cessation of the menses and may continue for 10 years after. _____ consists of the years preceding menopause, while _____ consists of the years after menopause.&#10;A) Pregnancy; puberty&#10;B) Puberty; postmenopause&#10;C) Perimenopause; postmenopause&#10;D) Postmenopause; perimenopause

Accepted Answer

Menopause begins 10 years before the cessation of menses (menstruation) and continues for about 10 years after. Perimenopause consists of the years immediately preceding menopause; postmenopause consists of the years after menopause. Pregnancy and puberty occur earlier in a woman's life compared with perimenopause and postmenopause. Puberty in a woman's life occurs much earlier than perimenopause and postmenopause.

Question 6

Few anxiolytics are safe during pregnancy; however, a single exposure to N&#8322;O-O&#8322; analgesia for no more than 30 minutes is considered to be safe.&#10;A) Both statements are true.&#10;B) Both statements are false.&#10;C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.&#10;D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Accepted Answer

Both statements are True. Few anxiolytics are safe during pregnancy; however, a single exposure to N₂O-O₂ analgesia for no more than 30 minutes is considered to be safe.

Question 7

Pyogenic granulomas are hard and typically found on the attached gingiv a. These are most often on the lingual aspect of the mandibular posterior gingiva and bone destruction is common.&#10;A) Both statements are true.&#10;B) Both statements are false.&#10;C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.&#10;D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Accepted Answer

Both statements are False. Pregnancy granulomas (also called pyogenic granulomas) are single, tumorlike, soft-tissue growths, typically on the interdental papilla, most often on the labial aspect of the maxillary anterior gingiva; however, bone destruction is rare. The first statement is False. Pyogenic granulomas are soft, not hard and are most often found on the interdental papilla not the attached gingiva. The second statement is False. They occur on the labial aspect of the maxillary anterior gingiva and bone destruction is rare.

Question 8

A few oral changes that may be observed in climacteric women include:&#10;A) Thinning of the oral epithelial lining and decreased keratinization; oral discomfort, such as burning sensations of the tongue; dysgeusia; xerostomia; and alveolar bone loss&#10;B) Thinning of the oral epithelial lining and decreased keratinization; oral discomfort, such as burning sensations of the tongue; dysgeusia; hypersalivation; and alveolar bone loss&#10;C) Thinning of the oral epithelial lining and decreased keratinization; oral discomfort, such as burning sensations of the tongue; dysgeusia; xerostomia; and alveolar bone growth&#10;D) Thinning of the oral epithelial lining and decreased keratinization; oral discomfort, such as burning sensations of the tongue; increased taste perception; hypersalivation; and alveolar bone loss

Accepted Answer

Thinning of the oral epithelial lining and decreased keratinization; oral discomfort, such as burning sensations of the tongue (glossodynia); altered taste perception (salty, peppery, sour); xerostomia; and alveolar bone loss associated with osteoporosis are some of the oral changes observed in climacteric women. Hypersalivation occurs less during menopause than hyposalivation, which may develop into xerostomia. Alveolar bone growth is less likely to occur during menopause compared with alveolar bone loss. Increased taste perception and hypersalivation are less likely to occur during menopause compared with altered taste perception and hyposalivation.

Question 9

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the use of:&#10;A) hormone(s) to eliminate the symptomatic effects of puberty.&#10;B) bisphosphonates to control the symptomatic effects of menopause.&#10;C) hormone(s) to control the symptomatic effects of menopause.&#10;D) hormone(s) to increase the negative effects of menopause.

Accepted Answer

HRT is the taking of the female hormone estrogen or progesterone, or occasionally testosterone, to control the symptomatic effects of menopause. HRT would not be given to children to decrease the changes associated with puberty. Bisphosphonates are not used to decrease the symptoms of menopause but are used in menopausal women who have increased resorption of bone. HRT would not be given to increase negative effects but to decrease the negative effects.

Question 10

Who is affected by gender bias?&#10;A) History has indicated that gender bias is a &#34;thing of the past.&#34;&#10;B) Either gender can be affected over another.&#10;C) Men are never affected.&#10;D) Women are always affected.

Accepted Answer

Gender bias, preference given to members of one gender over another, is evident in the history of medicine and healthcare. History shows that gender bias has been an issue and research shows it still continues today. Men or women can be affected depending on the issue. Men or women can be affected depending on the issue.

Question 11

Women and men experience similar signs of having a heart attack; therefore, it is important to be able to recognize these symptoms and get the proper help for your patient.&#10;A) Both parts of the statement are true.&#10;B) Both parts of the statement are false.&#10;C) The first part of the statement is true, and the second part of the statement is false.&#10;D) The first part of the statement is false, and the second part of the statement is true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Women and men experience similar signs of...

Question 12

Bacteria can metabolize _____ or _____ as a nutrient, causing pregnancy to favor the colonization of anaerobic bacteria in the gingival sulcus.&#10;A) estrogen; progesterone&#10;B) estrogen; testosterone&#10;C) testosterone; human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)&#10;D) progesterone; prolactin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria can metabolize _____ or _____ as...

Question 13

BMS is clearly understood and once the diagnostic symptoms have been recognized it is easy to treat.&#10;A) Both parts of the statement are true.&#10;B) Both parts of the statement are false.&#10;C) The first part of the statement is true, and the second part of the statement is false.&#10;D) The first part of the statement is false, and the second part of the statement is true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of BMS is clearly understood and once the...

Question 14

When does the endogenous sex steroid hormone gingival disease occur?&#10;A) As estrogen and progesterone levels rise&#10;B) As estrogen and progesterone levels decrease&#10;C) In infants and children&#10;D) In postmenopausal women

Accepted Answer

The answer of When does the endogenous sex steroid hormone...

Question 15

Pregnant dental personnel should receive no greater than _____ rem during the gestation period.&#10;A) 0.05&#10;B) 0.5&#10;C) 5.0&#10;D) 0.55

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pregnant dental personnel should receive no greater...

Question 16

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) includes:&#10;A) (1) pain in the mouth that is present daily and persists for most of the day; (2) oral mucosa appears erythematic and fibrous; and (3) local and systemic diseases have been excluded.&#10;B) (1) pain in the mouth that is present daily and persists for most of the day; (2) oral mucosa is of normal appearance; and (3) local and systemic diseases have been excluded.&#10;C) (1) pain in the mouth that is present daily and persists for most of the day; (2) oral mucosa is of normal appearance; and (3) local and systemic diseases are involved as well.&#10;D) (1) pain in the mouth is intermittent and often depends on ingestion of irritating foods; (2) oral mucosa is of normal appearance; and (3) local and systemic diseases have been excluded.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) includes:&#10;A) (1) pain...

Question 17

Menopause and postmenopausal oral changes may include all of the following except:&#10;A) pyogenic granuloma.&#10;B) xerostomia.&#10;C) burning mouth syndrome (BMS).&#10;D) dysgeusia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Menopause and postmenopausal oral changes may include...

Question 18

Which of the following would not exacerbate gingival inflammation?&#10;A) Anticonvulsant medications&#10;B) Pubertal hormone changes&#10;C) Ovulation induction&#10;D) Biofilm management

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would not exacerbate...

Question 19

Fetal alcohol-syndrome (FAS) may damage the infant's central nervous system causing characteristics, such as:&#10;A) short palpebral fissures, a flat midface, an indistinct philtrum, and a thin upper lip.&#10;B) short palpebral fissures, a flat midface, a distinct philtrum, and thick upper lip.&#10;C) long palpebral fissures, a flat midface, an indistinct philtrum, and a thin upper lip.&#10;D) long palpebral fissures, a pronounced midface, an indistinct philtrum, and a thin upper lip.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fetal alcohol-syndrome (FAS) may damage the infant's...

Question 20

Teratogens are harmful environmental risk factors that may include various drugs, _____, infections, and/or radiation.&#10;A) vitamins&#10;B) highly spiced foods&#10;C) chemicals&#10;D) allergens

Accepted Answer

The answer of Teratogens are harmful environmental risk factors that...

Question 21

Lesions associated with ARONJ may appear:&#10;A) yellow to grayish-tan and often present with fragmented friable soft tissue. With progression, pain may increase because of inflammation and secondary infection.&#10;B) yellow to grayish-tan with surrounding tissue that is erythematous, possibly bluish, and initially painful.&#10;C) as a shaggy gray-green exudate with surrounding tissue that is hardened as a result of the primary lesion.&#10;D) as a shaggy purple ecchymotic lesion due to incorrect occlusal bite.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lesions associated with ARONJ may appear:&#10;A) yellow...

Question 22

The most common site for ARONJ, exposed necrotic bone, in patients who have taken antiresorptive therapy, appears most in the:&#10;A) maxillary posterior buccal region close to the parotid gland.&#10;B) maxillary anterior lingual region close to the incisive papilla.&#10;C) mandibular posterior lingual region close to the mylohyoid ridge.&#10;D) mandibular anterior lingual region close to the genial tubercles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common site for ARONJ, exposed...

Question 23

Educate parents to continue assisting their children on proper brushing and flossing until the child is _____ years old.&#10;A) 1 or 2&#10;B) 3 or 4&#10;C) 5 or 6&#10;D) 7 or 8

Accepted Answer

The answer of Educate parents to continue assisting their children...

Question 24

The American Dental Association (ADA) refers to the disorder related to bone necrosis of the jaw due to taking bisphosphonates and other antiresorptive therapy as:&#10;A) bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ).&#10;B) antiresorptive agent-induced ONJ (ARONJ).&#10;C) bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ).&#10;D) bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis (BON).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The American Dental Association (ADA) refers to...

Question 25

If the city has appropriate fluoride levels, then it is accurate to assume that the family is ingesting the correct amount of fluoride. Fluoride is also found in over-the-counter mouth rinses, some bottled water, food, and beverages.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the city has appropriate fluoride levels,...

Question 26

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that a child's first dental examination occur when the:&#10;A) first tooth exfoliates or when accidents related to trauma occur.&#10;B) child reports discomfort or by the age of 3.&#10;C) child can sit properly in a dental chair and keep their mouth open.&#10;D) first tooth appears or no later than the first birthday.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends...

Question 27

Encourage the child to discuss any fears about oral health visits, and ease and distract anxiety by saying all of the following except:&#10;A) &#34;You are such a big girl/boy!&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Isn't this fun!&#34;&#10;C) &#34;It won't hurt!&#34;&#10;D) &#34;It sure is sunny out today!&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Encourage the child to discuss any fears...

Question 28

What antiresorptive therapy is given orally or parenterally to clients who exhibit increased bone resorption?&#10;A) Antibiotics&#10;B) Oral contraceptives&#10;C) Anticonvulsants&#10;D) Bisphosphonates

Accepted Answer

The answer of What antiresorptive therapy is given orally or...

Question 29

All of the following are inappropriate ways to give babies pacifiers except:&#10;A) dipping in sugar or honey to sooth/distract baby.&#10;B) dipping in juice or soda to sooth/distract baby.&#10;C) &#34;cleaning&#34; by rinsing with tap water before giving to the baby.&#10;D) &#34;cleaning&#34; by putting in caregiver's mouth before giving to the baby.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are inappropriate ways...

Question 30

New mothers should be informed of the potential _____ transmission of oral microorganisms from themselves to their infants.&#10;A) vertical&#10;B) horizontal&#10;C) selective&#10;D) nosocomial

Accepted Answer

The answer of New mothers should be informed of the...

Deck 54: Womens Health and the Health of Their Children