Deck 7: Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Question 1

Through what structure(s)do plants obtain most of their water?

A) roots
B) interior cells
C) stomata
D) leaves

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The shorter the wavelength of visible light,the ______.

A) less energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments
B) redder the color
C) more photons it contains
D) greater the energy

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The energy of wavelengths that appear ______ is least useful to photosynthesis.

A) red
B) green
C) blue
D) orange

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Photosynthesis contributes to plant growth by _____.

A) taking in oxygen and making wood
B) taking in carbon dioxide and making sugars (carbohydrates)
C) synthesizing carbon dioxide and making cellulose
D) converting sugar to oxygen and water

Question 5

The color that we see when looking at a pigmented object is ______.

A) the wavelengths that are absorbed by the pigment
B) the wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted by the pigmented object
C) the wavelengths that have been raised to an excited state by the pigmented object
D) the wavelengths that the pigmented object created after interacting with sunlight

Question 6

What name is given to a discrete packet of light?

A) phaser
B) wavelength
C) photon
D) quantum

Question 7

What are grana?

A) thick fluids inside chloroplasts
B) convolutions of the inner chloroplast membrane
C) stacks of membranous sacs
D) pigments found in chloroplasts

Question 8

What name is given to the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast?

A) stroma
B) cristae
C) thylakoids
D) vesicles

Question 9

The Calvin cycle requires ______ and ______ from the light reactions in order to operate.

A) glucose... carbon dioxide
B) electrons... NADH
C) ATP... NADPH
D) RuBP... NADP⁺

Question 10

Which of the following equations best summarizes photosynthesis?

A) 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + 6 O₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆
B) 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
C) 6 CO₂ + 6 O₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂O
D) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O

Question 11

What is responsible for the yellow-orange coloration of leaves in the fall?

A) RuBP
B) chlorophyll a
C) carotenoids
D) chlorophyll b

Question 12

Which of the following is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

A) O₂
B) CO₂
C) C₆H₁₂O₆
D) ADP

Question 13

What is one reason why plants have accessory pigment molecules,like chlorophyll b and carotenoids?

A) to reflect more energy
B) to absorb energy in parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that chlorophyll a cannot
C) to give them different colors
D) because plants cannot make enough chlorophyll a for all of their energy needs

Question 14

Within the inner membrane of a chloroplast,interconnected sacs of membrane called ______ are suspended in a thick fluid called the ______.

A) chlorophyll... thylakoid
B) thylakoids... grana
C) thylakoids... stroma
D) grana... thylakoid

Question 15

The products of the light reactions of photosynthesis are ______.

A) ATP and NADH
B) ATP and NADPH
C) RuBP and O₂
D) ATP and NADP⁺

Question 16

If a plant appears blue to us,what wavelength of light is being reflected?

A) blue
B) green
C) red
D) yellow

Question 17

In photosynthesis,redox reactions ultimately transfer electrons from ______ to ______.

A) O₂... CO₂
B) C₆H₁₂O₆... O₂
C) H₂O... C₆H₁₂O₆
D) H₂O... CO₂

Question 18

Which of the following is an autotroph?

A) human
B) mushroom
C) pine tree
D) fish

Question 19

If you provided your shade-tolerant plants with their preferred wavelength of light,but only minimal amounts of water,which of the following would you expect to occur?

A) increased plant growth
B) increased amounts of oxygen released by the plants
C) decreased amounts of ATP being produced by the plants
D) increased growth of the plants' leaves

Question 20

What is the function of stomata?

A) water absorption
B) Calvin cycle
C) location of photosystems
D) gas exchange

Question 21

Where are photosystems located?

A) chlorophyll
B) thylakoid membrane
C) cristae
D) stroma

Question 22

CAM plants conserve water by ______.

A) opening their stomata only at night
B) incorporating CO₂ into RuBP
C) keeping their stomata closed at night
D) running the Calvin cycle at night

Question 23

Which of the following is found in both cellular respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

A) citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) Calvin cycle
D) electron transport chain

Question 24

Refer to the accompanying figure.Which of the following is true regarding the behavior of a chlorophyll molecule as it absorbs a photon?

A) An electron goes from the excited state to the ground state.
B) Light is released.
C) The energy of a photon raises an electron to the excited state.
D) ATP is broken down.

Question 25

The light reactions of photosynthesis take place ______.

A) in the stroma
B) on the cristae
C) in the thylakoid membrane
D) in the cytosol

Question 26

What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem?

A) chlorophyll b
B) carotenoids
C) phycobilins
D) chlorophyll a

Question 27

In photosynthesis,an H⁺ ion gradient forms across the ______.

A) thylakoid membrane
B) outer chloroplast membrane
C) endomembrane
D) inner chloroplast membrane

Question 28

The Calvin cycle makes direct use of ______ to make ______.

A) light energy and CO₂... sugar
B) CO₂, ATP, and NADPH... sugar and O₂
C) light energy, CO₂, and water... sugar and O₂
D) CO₂, ATP, and NADPH... sugar

Question 29

Please refer to the following art to answer the following question(s).

How many times must the Calvin cycle turn for the plant cell to be able to produce one molecule of glucose?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) six

Question 30

______ is the source of the oxygen gas released by a photosystem.

A) H₂O
B) Chlorophyll a
C) CO₂
D) C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 31

Which of the following is the source of electrons for the light reactions?

A) C₆H₁₂O₆
B) CO₂
C) NADPH
D) H₂O

Question 32

Please refer to the following art to answer the following question(s).

The last stage of one complete turn of the Calvin cycle involves ______.

A) G3P production
B) oxidation of CO₂
C) regeneration of RuBP
D) sugar production

Question 33

Refer to the accompanying figure.Which of the following best describes the direct mechanism of ATP production during photosynthesis?

A) use of the energy generated as hydrogen ions (H⁺) move up a proton gradient; this energy is used to make ATP
B) use of the energy released as excited electrons are passed from one molecule to another in the electron transport system; the energy is converted to the chemical bond energy of ATP
C) use of the energy stored in excited electrons; as the electrons move from the excited state to the ground state, the energy released is converted to the energy stored in the third phosphate bond in ATP
D) use of the energy stored in hydrogen ion (H⁺) gradients; the potential energy of the proton gradient is released as the protons move down their gradient through special membrane protein channels; this energy is converted to chemical bond energy in the ATP molecule

Question 34

Please refer to the following art to answer the following question(s).

One of the compounds that is a direct output of the Calvin cycle is ______.

A) C₆H₁₂O₆
B) NADPH
C) G3P
D) ATP

Question 35

Refer to the accompanying figure.Plant cells that contain the organelle responsible for photosynthesis are concentrated in cells of the ______.

A) roots
B) leaves
C) stomata
D) grana

Question 36

When a molecule absorbs a photon,one of its electrons is raised to the ______ state.

A) energetic
B) quantum
C) higher
D) excited

Question 37

Please refer to the following art to answer the following question(s).

The first step of the Calvin cycle is the incorporation of ______ into ______.

A) O₂... G3P
B) RuBP... O₂
C) CO₂... RuBP
D) G3P... RuBP

Question 38

Which of the following is a way that a molecule releases energy gained by absorption of a photon?

A) heat
B) fluorescence
C) light
D) all of the above

Question 39

Please refer to the following art to answer the following question(s).

If an herbicide blocked the Calvin cycle before the generation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P),which of the following statements would be true?

A) The plant would still be able to make sugar, just a lot less.
B) No oxygen would be released by the plant.
C) No sugar would be made by the plant.
D) Only RuBP would be recycled.

Question 40

C₄ plants conserve water by ______.

A) shuttling CO₂ from the Calvin cycle to the water-splitting photosystem
B) keeping their stomata closed when the weather is hot and dry
C) growing very deep roots
D) running the Calvin cycle at night

Question 41

Please use the following information to answer the following question(s).
You work for a company selling tropical rain forest plants commonly found in the understory of the forest. These plants are shade tolerant and can be grown indoors because they require low light. Your employer wants you to find out what is the best type of light to maximize growth of these understory plants. Using a full spectrum of natural light would cause these plants to die because they are a shade-tolerant plant species.
From your biology class, you recall that the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis involve pigment molecules that absorb light of specific wavelengths. You also remember the experiments done by the German biologist Theodor Engelmann, in which he separated light using a prism into different wavelengths and then determined which wavelengths were best for promoting photosynthesis in the algae species he was examining. Your goal is to determine which wavelengths (colors) of light are best for promoting photosynthesis to enhance growth in your species of plant. To achieve this, you grew your plants under different wavelengths of light and measured their growth rates. The wavelengths were measured in nanometers (nm), and the growth rate was measured in millimeters per day (mm/day). The data you collected are as follows:

Make a bar graph plotting growth rates on the y-axis and wavelengths of light on the x-axis. Referring to your graph, answer the following question(s):
Why do some plant species require shaded conditions while other plant species require bright sunlight?

A) Different species of plants have different pigment molecules that utilize different wavelengths of light.
B) Different species of plants have leaves that are shaped differently.
C) Some species of plants are able to produce sugar without ever having been exposed to sunlight.
D) Some species of plants are consumers and do not need sunlight.

Question 42

Please use the following information to answer the following question(s).
You work for a company selling tropical rain forest plants commonly found in the understory of the forest. These plants are shade tolerant and can be grown indoors because they require low light. Your employer wants you to find out what is the best type of light to maximize growth of these understory plants. Using a full spectrum of natural light would cause these plants to die because they are a shade-tolerant plant species.
From your biology class, you recall that the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis involve pigment molecules that absorb light of specific wavelengths. You also remember the experiments done by the German biologist Theodor Engelmann, in which he separated light using a prism into different wavelengths and then determined which wavelengths were best for promoting photosynthesis in the algae species he was examining. Your goal is to determine which wavelengths (colors) of light are best for promoting photosynthesis to enhance growth in your species of plant. To achieve this, you grew your plants under different wavelengths of light and measured their growth rates. The wavelengths were measured in nanometers (nm), and the growth rate was measured in millimeters per day (mm/day). The data you collected are as follows:

Make a bar graph plotting growth rates on the y-axis and wavelengths of light on the x-axis. Referring to your graph, answer the following question(s):
Of the following,which wavelength is least useful to your plants?

A) 650 nm
B) 450 nm
C) 550 nm
D) 400 nm

Question 43

Please use the following information to answer the following question(s).
You work for a company selling tropical rain forest plants commonly found in the understory of the forest. These plants are shade tolerant and can be grown indoors because they require low light. Your employer wants you to find out what is the best type of light to maximize growth of these understory plants. Using a full spectrum of natural light would cause these plants to die because they are a shade-tolerant plant species.
From your biology class, you recall that the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis involve pigment molecules that absorb light of specific wavelengths. You also remember the experiments done by the German biologist Theodor Engelmann, in which he separated light using a prism into different wavelengths and then determined which wavelengths were best for promoting photosynthesis in the algae species he was examining. Your goal is to determine which wavelengths (colors) of light are best for promoting photosynthesis to enhance growth in your species of plant. To achieve this, you grew your plants under different wavelengths of light and measured their growth rates. The wavelengths were measured in nanometers (nm), and the growth rate was measured in millimeters per day (mm/day). The data you collected are as follows:

Make a bar graph plotting growth rates on the y-axis and wavelengths of light on the x-axis. Referring to your graph, answer the following question(s):
Which wavelength of light is the least useful to your plant's growth?

A) 750 nm
B) 650 nm
C) 550 nm
D) 500 nm

Question 44

Please use the following information to answer the following question(s).
You work for a company selling tropical rain forest plants commonly found in the understory of the forest. These plants are shade tolerant and can be grown indoors because they require low light. Your employer wants you to find out what is the best type of light to maximize growth of these understory plants. Using a full spectrum of natural light would cause these plants to die because they are a shade-tolerant plant species.
From your biology class, you recall that the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis involve pigment molecules that absorb light of specific wavelengths. You also remember the experiments done by the German biologist Theodor Engelmann, in which he separated light using a prism into different wavelengths and then determined which wavelengths were best for promoting photosynthesis in the algae species he was examining. Your goal is to determine which wavelengths (colors) of light are best for promoting photosynthesis to enhance growth in your species of plant. To achieve this, you grew your plants under different wavelengths of light and measured their growth rates. The wavelengths were measured in nanometers (nm), and the growth rate was measured in millimeters per day (mm/day). The data you collected are as follows:

Make a bar graph plotting growth rates on the y-axis and wavelengths of light on the x-axis. Referring to your graph, answer the following question(s):
Which wavelength is best for your plants' growth?

A) 650 nm
B) 550 nm
C) 500 nm
D) 400 nm