Deck 8: Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Question 1

Which of the following occurs during interphase?

A) Chromatin becomes tightly coiled.
B) Chromosome duplication.
C) Sister chromatids separate.
D) The mitotic spindle forms.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A(n)______ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually.

A) cat
B) human
C) Komodo dragon
D) mouse

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of these events occurs during anaphase?

A) Sister chromatids separate.
B) Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
C) The nuclear envelope reappears.
D) The nuclear envelope breaks up.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical.This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT

A) growth of a multicellular organism.
B) cell replacement.
C) production of sperm and eggs.
D) asexual reproduction.

Question 5

Sister chromatids are joined at the ______.

A) centromere
B) spindle
C) centrosome
D) centriole

Question 6

The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______.

A) nucleus
B) centriole
C) Golgi apparatus
D) nucleolus

Question 7

A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______.

A) centromeres
B) centrosomes
C) genomes
D) sister chromatids

Question 8

Chromatin consists of ______.

A) DNA and protein
B) RNA and protein
C) protein only
D) DNA only

Question 9

Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival?

A) Eat a low-fiber, low-fat diet.
B) Limit exercise.
C) Seek early detection of tumors.
D) Smoke only cigarettes.

Question 10

During telophase ______.

A) the events of prophase are reversed
B) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
C) sister chromatids separate
D) the nuclear envelope breaks up

Question 11

Which of the following is a stage of mitosis?

A) cytokinesis
B) telophase
C) interphase
D) DNA synthesis

Question 12

Homologous chromosomes ______.

A) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics
B) include only the autosomes
C) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent
D) carry the same versions of all genes

Question 13

What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?

A) Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not.
B) Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are.
C) Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.
D) Benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps.

Question 14

During metaphase ______.

A) the nuclear envelope breaks up
B) sister chromatids separate
C) centromeres divide
D) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 15

Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stage of mitosis.

A) telophase
B) prophase
C) metaphase
D) anaphase

Question 16

What chromosomes belong to a normal human male?

A) 22 autosomes and two Y chromosomes
B) 44 autosomes and two Y chromosomes
C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
D) 46 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

Question 17

Which of the following occurs during prophase?

A) Chromosomes line up on the midline of the cell.
B) The nuclear envelope forms.
C) Sister chromatids separate.
D) The mitotic spindle begins to form.

Question 18

The correct sequence of stages of mitosis is ______.

A) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
B) telophase, prophase, interphase, anaphase, metaphase
C) anaphase, interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
D) interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 19

The cell cycle results in the production of ______.

A) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information
B) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information
C) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information
D) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information

Question 20

A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______.

A) have less genetic material than it started with
B) not have completed anaphase
C) have its chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell
D) have two nuclei

Question 21

As shown in the following figure,plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ______.

A) plant cells produce more daughter cells
B) plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not
C) animal cells produce more daughter cells
D) animal cells form a cell plate and plant cells do not

Question 22

Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis,there is(are)______ cell(s).

A) four haploid
B) two diploid
C) two haploid
D) one diploid

Question 23

How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction?

A) n + 1 or n - 1
B) 2n + 1 or 2n - 1
C) 2n - 1 only
D) 2n + 1 or n - 1

Question 24

Crossing over during prophase I results in ______.

A) nondisjunction
B) reciprocal translocation
C) duplication
D) genetic recombination

Question 25

How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?

A) one-quarter as much
B) four times as much
C) one-half as much
D) twice as much

Question 26

In meiosis,how does prophase I differ from prophase II?

A) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.
B) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file in the middle of the cell.
C) During prophase I the chromosomes coil up; the chromosomes are not coiled up during prophase II.
D) In prophase I the sister chromatids are attached; in prophase II the sister chromatids are separated.

Question 27

Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does not occur in prophase II?

A) Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell.
B) Spindle formation occurs.
C) Chromosomes have been duplicated.
D) Crossing over occurs.

Question 28

A ______ describes a site of crossing over.

A) chiasma
B) histone
C) synapse
D) centromere

Question 29

What chromosomes belong to a normal human female?

A) 22 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes
B) 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes
C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
D) 46 autosomes and two X chromosomes

Question 30

During metaphase I,______.

A) crossing over occurs
B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
C) the nuclear envelope breaks up
D) sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles

Question 31

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?

A) 2n + 1
B) n + 1
C) 2n - 1
D) n - 1

Question 32

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______.

A) homologous chromosomes
B) nonhomologous chromosomes
C) sex chromosomes
D) autosomes

Question 33

Examine the figure below.Nucleosomes are made of ______.

A) RNA and protein
B) DNA
C) proteins
D) DNA and histone proteins

Question 34

Sexual intercourse in humans ______.

A) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
B) produces a haploid individual
C) produces an individual with 23 chromosomes
D) combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote

Question 35

Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?

A) Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father.
B) Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles.
C) Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.
D) All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole.

Question 36

A karyotype (a chromosome display)would be unable to determine ______.

A) sex
B) Down syndrome
C) Turner syndrome
D) eye color

Question 37

Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following.Which is it?

A) the events of meiosis I
B) crossing over
C) independent assortment
D) the events of meiosis II

Question 38

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ______ and in mitotic anaphase ______.

A) the cells are diploid... the cells are haploid
B) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell... chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell
C) crossing over occurs... crossing over does not occur
D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate

Question 39

For a species with four pairs of chromosomes,________ chromosome combinations are possible.

A) 4
B) 8
C) 16
D) 20

Question 40

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ______.

A) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
B) mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis
C) mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells
D) mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells

Question 41

This diagram of the human life cycle shows that ______.

A) meiosis produces a diploid zygote
B) meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells
C) fertilization produces a haploid zygote
D) a diploid zygote undergoes meiosis to produce an adult human

Question 42

The karyotype below shows ______.

A) abnormal sex chromosomes
B) trisomy 21, a cause of Klinefelter syndrome
C) Turner syndrome
D) trisomy 21, a cause of Down syndrome

Question 43

Please read the following paragraph and answer the following question(s).
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. He ordered a karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
Amanda's abnormal number of sex chromosomes resulted from ______.

A) independent assortment of chromosomes
B) crossing over
C) nondisjunction
D) random fertilization

Question 44

Please read the following paragraph and answer the following question(s).
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. He ordered a karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
With respect to her sex chromosomes,Amanda would be designated as ______.

A) XYY
B) XO
C) XOY
D) XX

Question 45

The following figure shows that ______.

A) meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells
B) fertilization results in four haploid daughter cells
C) the human 2n number is 4
D) meiosis forms diploid gametes