Question 1

When was acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)first reported as an infectious disease?&#10;A)1940&#10;B)1976&#10;C)1981&#10;D)1999

Accepted Answer

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first reported as an infectious disease in 1981.

Question 2

Which of the following infects red blood cells?&#10;A)Epstein-Barr virus&#10;B)Cytomegalovirus&#10;C)Parvovirus B19&#10;D)West Nile virus

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19 is the only virus among the given options that infects red blood cells. It specifically targets erythrocyte progenitor cells in the bone marrow and causes a condition called fifth disease or erythema infectiosum. None of the other viruses listed infect red blood cells.

Question 3

In the United States,donated blood is tested for markers to the microbes that cause all of the following except&#10;A)Chagas disease&#10;B)Lyme disease&#10;C)Syphilis&#10;D)Tropical spastic paraparesis

Accepted Answer

Donated blood in the United States is not routinely tested for Lyme disease. Blood donations are screened for various infectious diseases, including Chagas disease, syphilis, and tropical spastic paraparesis (caused by HTLV-I/II), but not for Lyme disease, which is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is primarily transmitted through tick bites.

Question 4

All the following are methods by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)can be transmitted except&#10;A)Fecal/oral&#10;B)Parenteral&#10;C)Sexual contact&#10;D)Transfusion

Accepted Answer

HIV is not transmitted through fecal/oral route. HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, injection drug use, blood transfusion, and mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding.

Question 5

Which of the following transfusion-transmitted viruses does not have an envelope?&#10;A)Hepatitis B&#10;B)Hepatitis C&#10;C)Human immunodeficiency virus&#10;D)Parvovirus B19

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19 does not have an envelope surrounding its capsid, while Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human immunodeficiency virus all have an enveloped capsid.

Question 6

Which disease is associated with a parasite that can be potentially transmitted by blood transfusion?&#10;A)Cruetzfeld-Jakob disease&#10;B)Lyme disease&#10;C)Malaria&#10;D)Syphilis

Accepted Answer

Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and can be transmitted through infected blood transfusions. The other options (A, B, D) are not associated with blood transfusion transmission. Cruetzfeld-Jakob disease is a prion disease that is typically acquired through consumption of contaminated beef or from genetic mutations. Lyme disease is caused by a bacteria that is transmitted by tick bites. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection.

Question 7

Chronic infection is most common with which of the following types of viral hepatitis?&#10;A)Hepatitis A&#10;B)Hepatitis B&#10;C)Hepatitis C&#10;D)Hepatitis D

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis C is the most common type of viral hepatitis to cause chronic infection, with about 75-85% of those infected progressing to chronic hepatitis C. This can lead to long-term liver damage, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Chronic infection is less common with hepatitis B and A. Hepatitis D only occurs in individuals who are already infected with hepatitis B.

Question 8

Nucleic acid amplification-based testing (NAT)reduced the window period for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)to approximately how many days?&#10;A)12&#10;B)14&#10;C)16&#10;D)22

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid amplification-based testing (NAT) for HIV can detect the virus as early as approximately 12 days after infection, significantly reducing the window period compared to antibody-based tests.

Question 9

In the United States,all donated blood is tested for the following before transfusion except&#10;A)Anti-HCV&#10;B)CMV using NAT&#10;C)HBsAg&#10;D)WNV using NAT

Accepted Answer

All donated blood in the United States is tested for Anti-HCV, HBsAg, and WNV using NAT (nucleic acid testing). However, CMV (cytomegalovirus) testing is not routinely performed on donated blood, as it is not considered a significant risk for transmission through blood transfusions.

Question 10

Which of the following is a mode of transmission for cytomegalovirus?&#10;A)Fecal/oral&#10;B)Respiratory&#10;C)Transfusion&#10;D)Vector

Accepted Answer

Cytomegalovirus can be transmitted through blood transfusions or organ transplants. It can also be transmitted through sexual contact and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. Fecal/oral and respiratory transmission are not considered common modes of transmission for cytomegalovirus. There is also no evidence to suggest transmission through vectors such as mosquitoes.

Question 11

Which of the following is transmitted to humans through tick bites?&#10;A)Babesiosis&#10;B)Chagas disease&#10;C)Malaria&#10;D)Toxoplasmosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is transmitted to...

Question 12

Which of the following is a fatal neurological disease whose causative agent may be transmitted by transfusion of human blood?&#10;A)CJD&#10;B)vCJD&#10;C)CWD&#10;D)FSE

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a fatal...

Question 13

One of the peak times of transmission of the West Nile virus is&#10;A)Early spring&#10;B)Late spring&#10;C)Early fall&#10;D)Late fall

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the peak times of transmission...

Question 14

In what year was the West Nile virus first identified as an emerging threat in the United States?&#10;A)1940&#10;B)1976&#10;C)1981&#10;D)1999

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what year was the West Nile...

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common of all the hepatitis viruses?&#10;A)Hepatitis A&#10;B)Hepatitis B&#10;C)Hepatitis C&#10;D)Hepatitis D

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the most...

Question 16

In the United States,what is the approximate risk for transfusion transmission of hepatitis B?&#10;A)1:220,000&#10;B)1:2 million&#10;C)1:3 million&#10;D)Unknown

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the United States,what is the approximate...

Question 17

Leukoreduction can reduce the risk of which transfusion-associated virus?&#10;A)CMV (cytomegalovirus)&#10;B)HBV (hepatitis B virus)&#10;C)HCV (hepatitis C virus)&#10;D)HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Leukoreduction can reduce the risk of which...

Question 18

The hepatitis C virus belongs to which family?&#10;A)Flaviviridae&#10;B)Hepeviridae&#10;C)Picornaviridae&#10;D)Retroviridae

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hepatitis C virus belongs to which...

Question 19

All of the following transfusion-transmitted infections are also considered to be sexually transmitted diseases except&#10;A)Hepatitis C&#10;B)Human immunodeficiency virus&#10;C)Syphilis&#10;D)Toxoplasmosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following transfusion-transmitted infections are...

Question 20

Which type of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is endemic in western Africa?&#10;A)HIV-I&#10;B)HIV-II&#10;C)HIV-IV&#10;D)HIV-VI

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is...

Deck 13: Transfusion-Transmitted Infections