Deck 19: Methods in Parentage Testing

Question 1

Which part of the Hardy-Weinberg equation expressed as p² + 2pq + q² = 1 predicts the number of people who are heterozygous for a given allele?

A)p²
B)2pq
C)q²
D)1

Answer 1

2pq

Question 2

All of the following statements are true regarding short tandem repeat (STR)except

A)Loci are repeated sequences from 2 to 25 base pairs
B)Loci typically occur in noncoding introns
C)Typing tests avoid some of the issues seen with other techniques for DNA testing
D)Typing tests are the principle technology used by parentage testing laboratories

Answer 2

Loci are repeated sequences from 2 to 25 base pairs

Question 3

Which of the following legislation was passed with the hopes of reducing welfare costs by collecting from delinquent parents?

A)Aid to Families with Dependent Children
B)Child Support Enforcement Act
C)Promoting Safe and Stable Families
D)Victims of Child Abuse

Answer 3

Child Support Enforcement Act

Question 4

What blood group system antigens were used in the earliest days of parentage testing?

A)ABO,FY,JK
B)ABO,MN,Rh
C)ABO,P,Rh
D)ABO,Rh,Xg

Question 5

In what year were DNA typing procedures incorporated into parentage testing standards?

A)1953
B)1967
C)1985
D)1992

Question 6

Which of the following reflects the ability of a genetic marker to distinguish two samples coming from different sources?

A)Discriminatory power
B)Likelihood ratio
C)Power of exclusion
D)Short tandem repeat loci

Question 7

Bayes' theorem

A)allows a level of certainty for a given belief or hypothesis to be modified either positively or negatively by incorporating new information pertinent to the hypothesis
B)involves the use of electrophoresis to separate alleles by size
C)is specific to parentage testing and the evolution of the associated statistical calculations
D)standardizes the calculations used in parentage testing and the interpretation and communication of the results

Question 8

Which of the following is typically referred to as the parentage index?

A)DR
B)LI
C)LR
D)PEx

Question 9

Although DNA testing can be used to predict or exclude other relationships,the most common use is to assess the probability that a particular

A)child is a descendant within a distinct ethnic group
B)man and woman are the biological parents of a child
C)man is the biological father of a child
D)woman is the biological mother of a child

Question 10

Which advancement first allowed probability of parentage to be calculated?

A)Accredited standardization
B)Arlie consensus
C)DNA polymorphism
D)HLA typing

Question 11

Once single tandem repeat (STR)loci have been amplified,what is used to separate alleles by size?

A)Electrophoresis
B)Fluorescent emissions
C)Lasers
D)Reagents

Question 12

Which probability encompasses the level of certainty that the alleged parents had a relationship that could have produced the child involved in the relatedness testing?

A)Anterior
B)Conditional
C)Posterior
D)Prior

Question 13

Which of the following involves creating a ratio that compares the evidence favoring parentage with the probability both for and against parentage?

A)Anterior probability
B)Conditional probability
C)Posterior probability
D)Prior probability

Question 14

Which standards are commonly followed by laboratories seeking accreditation for parentage testing?

A)AABB Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services
B)AABB Standards for Relationship Testing Laboratories
C)ABA Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services
D)ABA Standards for Parentage Testing Laboratories

Question 15

The likelihood ratio compares which two hypotheses?

A)Probability that the alleged parent is not the true parent of the child and probability that a random person is the true parent of the child
B)Probability that the alleged parent is excluded as the true parent of the child and probability that the known parent is the true parent of the child
C)Probability that the alleged parent is the true parent of the child and probability that a random person is the true parent of the child
D)Probability that the known parent is the true parent of the child and probability that the alleged parent is the true parent of the child

Question 16

How many loci are included in the core loci originally defined by the FBI for use in identification of individuals by genetic testing?

A)9
B)13
C)15
D)18

Question 17

VNTR refers to

A)variable nucleotide test result in DNA testing
B)variable number of tandem repeats in a DNA sequence
C)venous nucleotide type repeat in DNA sequence
D)very neutral transition reactions in DNA synthesis

Question 18

Mendel's laws of genetics requires ________ of the alleles in the child's sample to be traceable to each parent.

A)one-half
B)one-third
C)one-quarter
D)one-sixth

Question 19

Which organization formed the Committee on Parentage Testing?

A)AABB
B)ABA
C)AMA
D)ABBB

Question 20

Regarding the PEx,which statement is false?

A)Begins with calculating the proportion of the population who would not be excluded.
B)Indicates the proportion of the population who could have been included in parentage.
C)Is a way to evaLuᵃte results of parentage testing.
D)Is the probability the alleged parent would be excluded if they were falsely accused.