Deck 33: Sensory Perception

Question 1

Whales and elephants use sound to communicate with which kind of receptor?​

A) ​photoreceptors
B) ​nociceptors
C) ​thermoreceptors
D) ​chemoreceptors
E) ​mechanoreceptors

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The adjustable ring of contractile and connective tissues that controls the amount of light entering the eye is the ____.

A) ​lens
B) ​cornea
C) ​pupil
D) ​iris
E) ​retina

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Figure 33.6​

The Pacinian corpuscle is used in detecting ____.

A) ​sound
B) ​hard pressure
C) ​chemicals
D) ​light touch
E) ​chemical differences

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Figure 33.8

The portion of the eye where photoreceptors are located is the ____.

A) ​lens
B) ​cornea
C) ​pupil
D) ​fovea
E) ​retina

Question 5

Figure 33.6​

The accompanying figure shows areas of referred pain that indicate an internal organ is damaged. Which letter corresponds to heart damage?​

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) ​E

Question 6

Figure 33.6​

A stretch receptor is classified as a ____.

A) ​chemoreceptor
B) ​mechanoreceptor
C) ​photoreceptor
D) ​thermoreceptor
E) ​nociceptor

Question 7

The somatosensory cortex _____​.

A) ​maps the distribution of somatic receptors on the body
B) ​consists of gray matter
C) ​involves only the spinal cord
D) ​responds to all signals equally
E) ​is not responsive to mechanoreceptors

Question 8

The processing of sensory input in animals leads to ____.

A) ​an adaptation
B) ​a sensation
C) ​an action
D) ​feeling exactly what is happening at the site
E) ​responding to the stimulus

Question 9

The pain produced in an internal organ may be perceived as occurring somewhere else. This phenomenon is called ____.

A) ​mixed nerve messages
B) ​referred pain
C) ​phantom pain
D) ​psychosomatic pain
E) ​hypochondria

Question 10

Sensory pathways of smell and taste ____.

A) ​begin with chemoreceptors
B) ​begin in the somatosensory cortex
C) ​are not involved in communication
D) ​are integrated with the advanced vomeronasal organ that humans possess
E) ​are completely separated from one another

Question 11

When the brain assigns meaning to a sensory signal, we say that _____ has taken place.

A) ​sensory adaptation
B) ​sensory perception
C) ​semantic perception
D) ​sensory action
E) ​sensory activation

Question 12

Figure 33.8
​
Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question.​

Eyes contain ____ ​

A) ​chemoreceptors
B) ​mechanoreceptors
C) ​photoreceptors
D) ​nociceptors
E) ​thermoreceptors

Question 13

A diminishing response by receptors to a constant stimulus is known as ____.

A) ​an action potential
B) ​neural transduction
C) ​sensory adaptation
D) ​referred pain
E) ​a sensation

Question 14

Which analgesic relieves pain by mimicking the action of endorphins?​

A) ​aspirin
B) ​ziconotide
C) ​NSAIDS
D) ​morphine
E) ​acetaminophen

Question 15

Figure 33.8

Refer to the accompanying photograph. Which statement best explains why the owl has its head almost upside down?

A) ​Photoreceptors are concentrated near the bottom of the eye.
B) ​Photoreceptors are concentrated near the top of the eye.
C) ​Loud music from a passing car has caused damage to the sense of balance.
D) ​An obstruction in its ear has caused this instinctual behavior.
E) ​The presence of prey above has caused this physical alert.

Question 16

The major function of a receptor is to _____.

A) ​control the autonomic functions of the body
B) ​stabilize the internal environment to achieve homeostasis
C) ​produce responses to the various stimuli the body receives
D) ​give organisms or cells awareness of and sensitivity to their environment
E) ​control the visceral functions of the body

Question 17

The somatic senses include four of the following sensations. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​balance
B) ​pain near the body surface
C) ​temperature
D) ​touch
E) ​pressure

Question 18

Humans have ____.

A) ​more taste receptors than olfactory receptors
B) ​more olfactory receptors than taste receptors
C) ​a high degree of dependency on pheromones
D) ​approximately six types of olfactory receptors
E) ​an advanced vomeronasal organ

Question 19

Figure 33.8
​
Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question.​

Insects have ____.

A) ​simple eyes
B) ​ocelli
C) ​ciliary eyes
D) ​compound eyes
E) ​"camera" eyes

Question 20

Figure 33.8
​
Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question.​

What letter indicates a taste bud?

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​A and B
E) ​none of these, because they are olfactory receptors

Question 21

Figure 33.21 (part 2)

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.
In humans, and some other vertebrates, the organ that collects sound is called the ____.

A) ​auditory nerve
B) ​cochlea
C) ​eardrum
D) ​pinna
E) ​round window

Question 22

When light rays converge behind the retina, it is known as ____.

A) ​astigmatism
B) ​color blindness
C) ​nearsightedness
D) ​macular degeneration
E) ​farsightedness

Question 23

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
amplitude

Question 24

Figure 33.21 (part 2)

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.
Equilibrium is sensed by ____.

A) ​chemoreceptors
B) ​mechanoreceptors
C) ​photoreceptors
D) ​thermoreceptors
E) ​nociceptors

Question 25

Failure of the organs in the vestibular apparatus to function correctly can cause ____.

A) ​lack of sensation on the skin
B) ​loss of hearing
C) ​motion sickness
D) ​inability to smell
E) ​night blindness

Question 26

Figure 33.14​
​

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.​
The retina is indicated by the letter ____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) ​E

Question 27

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
cochlea

Question 28

Figure 33.21 (part 2)

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.
The bones that amplify sound reaching the eardrum are indicated by the letters ____.

A) ​A and B
B) ​A, B, and C
C) ​B and C
D) ​C and D
E) ​C, D, and F

Question 29

The dark middle layer of the eye that prevents the scattering of light is the ____.

A) ​fovea
B) ​retina
C) ​sclera
D) ​choroid
E) ​cornea

Question 30

Figure 33.21 (part 2)

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.
The oval window is indicated by the letter ____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) ​E

Question 31

Which statement accurately describes the properties of sound?​

A) ​The frequency of a sound determines the loudness.
B) ​The amplitude of a sound determines its pitch.
C) ​The amplitude of a sound is the number of waves per second.
D) ​A soft sound has a greater amplitude than a loud sound.
E) ​A high note and a low note with the same amplitude are equally loud.

Question 32

Figure 33.14​
​

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.​
Rods and cones are located in the ____.

A) ​lens
B) ​cornea
C) ​pupil
D) ​iris
E) ​retina

Question 33

The utricle and saccule ____.

A) ​each contain an organ of dynamic equilibrium
B) ​detect rotation of the head
C) ​detect how the head is oriented relative to the ground
D) ​are semicircular canals
E) ​use the auditory nerve to send information to the brain

Question 34

The organ of Corti ____.

A) ​is integral to balance
B) ​controls the sense of depth perception
C) ​has hair cells that fire and sends signals to the brain
D) ​is involved in visual acuity
E) ​detects light energy

Question 35

Figure 33.17C

The letter "C" in the above figure represents the ____.

A) ​cortex
B) ​cornea
C) ​fovea
D) ​blood vessels
E) ​optic nerve

Question 36

Figure 33.17C

Nearsightedness is caused by a(n) _____​

A) ​eye structure that focuses an image in front of the retina
B) ​eye structure that focuses an image behind the retina
C) ​eyeball that is too short
D) ​recessive trait on the Y chromosome
E) ​recessive trait on the X chromosome

Question 37

Figure 33.17C

The color of the eye is predicated on the amount of ____ present.

A) ​enzyme
B) ​protein
C) ​melanin
D) ​salts
E) ​lipids

Question 38

Figure 33.14​
​

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.​
Visual accommodation involves the ability to ____.

A) ​change the sensitivity of the rods and cones by means of neurotransmitters
B) ​change the position of the retina
C) ​change the thickness of the lens by contracting or relaxing certain muscles
D) ​protect the eyeball from foreign matter
E) ​prevent eye strain

Question 39

The area on the retina that has the greatest density of cone cells is called the ____.

A) ​fovea
B) ​visual ganglion
C) ​lateral geniculate nucleus
D) ​visual cortex
E) ​blind spot

Question 40

Figure 33.14​
​

Use the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.​
The structure that protects the eyeball is indicated by the letter ____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) ​E

Question 41

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
This structure contains rods and cones in vertebrates.

Question 42

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
oval window

Question 43

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
This structure is found in the compound eyes of insects but not in the eyes of vertebrates.

Question 44

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.​
a.​chemical
b.​mechanical
c.​thermal
d.​nociceptor
Ears detect this kind of energy.

Question 45

__________ sense pain.

Question 46

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
saccule

Question 47

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
This structure acts to maintain the shape of the eye and to transmit light to other structures.

Question 48

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.​
a.​chemical
b.​mechanical
c.​thermal
d.​nociceptor
The warmth you feel from a campfire is a result of detecting this kind of energy.

Question 49

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
hammer

Question 50

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.​
a.​chemical
b.​mechanical
c.​thermal
d.​nociceptor
Receptors on the tongue detect variations in this kind of signal.

Question 51

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
eardrum

Question 52

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
This structure forms the transparent front of the eye.

Question 53

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pitch

Question 54

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pheromone

Question 55

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
iris

Question 56

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.​
a.​chemical
b.​mechanical
c.​thermal
d.​nociceptor
Receptors that detect pain.

Question 57

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
auditory nerve

Question 58

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
retina

Question 59

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
This structure primarily acts to focus light waves.

Question 60

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.​
a.​cornea
b.​lens
c.​retina
d.​ommatidium
e.​vitreous body
__________ respond to mechanical energy such as touch.

Question 61

__________ sensations arise from receptors near organs in body cavities.

Question 62

Insects have a(n) __________ eye, with many individual units.

Question 63

People tend to crave sweet and salty foods, but dislike bitter foods. What is the evolutionary explanation for this?​

Question 64

What would be the danger in lacking nociceptors?​

Question 65

The __________ sensations arise from sensory receptors located in skin, or near muscles or joints.

Question 66

Continued stimulation of a receptor may lead to a diminished response and is called __________.

Question 67

The __________ is a system of fluid-filled sacs and canals in the inner ear.

Question 68

The cochlea is a coiled structure with fluid-filled ducts that holds the mechanoreceptors responsible for hearing in its __________.

Question 69

An individual reports to the doctor that they are experiencing pain in their left arm. What would the doctor think may be wrong?​

Question 70

Why is color blindness more common in males?​

Question 71

__________ line human nasal passages.

Question 72

Light enters the eye's interior through the __________, an adjustable opening in the center of the muscular, doughnut-shaped iris.