Deck 4: Patient and Caregiver Teaching

Question 1

After the nurse provides diet instructions for a patient with diabetes,the patient can restate the information but fails to make the recommended diet changes. How would the nurse best evaluate the patient's situation?

A)Learning did not occur because the patient's behavior did not change.
B)Choosing not to follow the diet is the behavior that resulted from learning.
C)The nurse's responsibility for helping the patient make diet changes has been fulfilled.
D)The teaching methods were ineffective in helping the patient learn about the necessary diet changes.

Answer 1

Choosing not to follow the diet is the behavior that resulted from learning.

Question 2

A patient with diabetic neuropathy requires teaching about foot care. Which learning goal should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A)The nurse will demonstrate the proper technique for trimming toenails.
B)The patient will list three ways to protect the feet from injury by discharge.
C)The nurse will instruct the patient on appropriate foot care before discharge.
D)The patient will understand the rationale for proper foot care after instruction.

Answer 2

The patient will list three ways to protect the feet from injury by discharge.

Question 3

An older Asian patient,who is seen at the health clinic,is diagnosed with protein malnutrition. What priority action should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A)Suggest the use of liquid supplements as a way to increase protein intake.
B)Encourage the patient to increase the dietary intake of meat, cheese, and milk.
C)Ask the patient to record the intake of all foods and beverages for a 3-day period.
D)Focus on the use of combinations of beans and rice to improve daily protein intake.

Answer 3

Ask the patient to record the intake of all foods and beverages for a 3-day period.

Question 4

The nurse plans to teach a patient and the caregiver how to manage high blood pressure (BP). Which action should the nurse take first?

A)Give written information about hypertension to the patient and caregiver.
B)Have the dietitian meet with the patient and caregiver to discuss a low-sodium diet.
C)Teach the caregiver how to take the patient's BP using a manual blood pressure cuff.
D)Ask the patient and caregiver to select information from a list of high BP teaching topics.

Question 5

A patient who is morbidly obese states,"I've recently made some changes in my life. I've decreased my fat intake,and I've stopped smoking." Which statement,if made by the nurse,is the best initial response?

A)"Although those are important, it is essential that you make other changes, too."
B)"Are you having any difficulty in maintaining the changes you have already made?"
C)"Which additional changes in your lifestyle would you like to implement at this time?"
D)"You have already accomplished changes that are important for the health of your heart."

Question 6

A patient states,"I told my husband I wouldn't buy as much prepared food snacks,so I will go the grocery store to buy fresh fruit,vegetables,and whole grains." When using the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change,the nurse identifies that this patient is in which stage of change?

A)Preparation
B)Termination
C)Maintenance
D)Contemplation

Question 7

A middle-aged patient who has diabetes tells the nurse,"I want to know how to give my own insulin so I don't have to bother my wife all the time." What is the priority action of the nurse?

A)Demonstrate how to draw up and administer insulin.
B)Discuss the use of exercise to decrease insulin needs.
C)Teach about differences between the various types of insulin.
D)Provide handouts about therapeutic and adverse effects of insulin.

Question 8

The nurse and the patient who is diagnosed with hypertension develop this goal: "The patient will select a 2-gram sodium diet from the hospital menu for the next 3 days." Which evaluation method will be best for the nurse to use when determining whether teaching was effective?

A)Have the patient list substitutes for favorite foods that are high in sodium.
B)Check the sodium content of the patient's menu choices over the next 3 days.
C)Ask the patient to identify which foods on the hospital menus are high in sodium.
D)Compare the patient's sodium intake before and after the teaching was implemented.

Question 9

A patient with newly diagnosed colon cancer has a nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge about colon cancer. The nurse should initially focus on which learning goal for this patient?

A)The patient will state ways of preventing the recurrence of the cancer.
B)The patient will explore and select an appropriate colon cancer therapy.
C)The patient will demonstrate coping skills needed to manage the disease.
D)The patient will choose methods to minimize adverse effects of treatment.

Question 10

While admitting a patient to the medical unit,the nurse determines that the patient has a hearing impairment. How should the nurse use this information to plan teaching and learning strategies?

A)Motivation and readiness to learn will be affected.
B)The family must be included in the teaching process.
C)The patient will have problems understanding information.
D)Written materials should be provided with verbal instructions.

Question 11

A patient who was admitted to the hospital with hyperglycemia and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is scheduled for discharge the second day after admission. When implementing patient teaching,what is the priority action for the nurse?

A)Instruct about the increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
B)Provide detailed information about dietary control of glucose.
C)Teach glucose self-monitoring and medication administration.
D)Give information about the effects of exercise on glucose control.

Question 12

The nurse is planning a teaching session with a patient newly diagnosed with migraine headaches. To assess a patient's readiness to learn,which question should the nurse ask first?

A)"What kind of work and leisure activities do you do?"
B)"What information do you think you need right now?"
C)"Can you describe the types of activities that help you learn new information?"
D)"Do you have any religious beliefs that are inconsistent with the planned treatment?"

Question 13

The nurse prepares written handouts to be used as part of the standardized teaching plan for patients who have been recently diagnosed with diabetes. What statement would be most appropriate to include in the handouts?

A)Eating the right foods can help in keeping blood glucose at a near-normal level.
B)Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria are common symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
C)Some patients with diabetes control blood glucose with oral medications, injections, or dietary interventions.
D)Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and the associated symptoms than can lead to long-term complications.

Question 14

A patient needs to learn how to instill eye drops. Which teaching strategy,if implemented by the nurse,would be most effective?

A)Peer teaching
B)Lecture-discussion
C)Printed instructions
D)Demonstration and return demonstration

Question 15

The nurse considers a nursing diagnosis of ineffective health maintenance related to low motivation for a patient with diabetes. Which finding would the nurse most likely use to support this nursing diagnosis?

A)The patient does not perform capillary blood glucose tests as directed.
B)The patient occasionally forgets to take the daily prescribed medication.
C)The patient states that dietary changes have not made any difference at all.
D)The patient cannot identify signs or symptoms of high and low blood glucose.

Question 16

A postoperative patient and caregiver need discharge teaching. Which actions included in the teaching plan can the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

A)Evaluate whether the patient and caregiver understand the teaching.
B)Show the caregiver how to accurately check the patient's temperature.
C)Schedule the discharge teaching session with the patient and caregiver.
D)Give the patient a pamphlet reinforcing teaching already done by the nurse.

Question 17

A patient who smokes a pack of cigarettes per day tells the nurse,"I enjoy smoking and have no plans to quit." Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?

A)Health-seeking behaviors related to cigarette use
B)Ineffective health maintenance related to tobacco use
C)Readiness for enhanced self-health management related to smoking
D)Deficient knowledge related to long-term effects of cigarette smoking

Question 18

The hospital nurse implements a teaching plan to assist an older patient who lives alone to independently accomplish daily activities. How would the nurse best evaluate the patient's long-term response to the teaching?

A)Make a referral to the home health nursing agency for home visits.
B)Have the patient demonstrate the learned skills at the end of the teaching session.
C)Arrange a physical therapy visit before the patient is discharged from the hospital.
D)Check the patient's ability to bathe and get dressed without any assistance the next day.

Question 19

A patient is diagnosed with heart failure after being admitted to the hospital for shortness of breath and fatigue. Which teaching strategy,if implemented by the nurse,is most likely to be effective?

A)Assure the patient that the nurse is an expert on management of heart failure.
B)Teach the patient at each meal about the amounts of sodium in various foods.
C)Discuss the importance of medication control in maintenance of long-term health.
D)Refer the patient to a home health nurse for instructions on diet and fluid restrictions.

Question 20

A family caregiver tells the home health nurse,"I feel like I can never get away to do anything for myself." Which action is best for the nurse to take?

A)Assist the caregiver in finding respite services.
B)Assure the caregiver that the work is appreciated.
C)Encourage the caregiver to discuss feelings openly with the nurse.
D)Tell the caregiver that family members provide excellent patient care.

Question 21

The nurse plans to provide instructions about diabetes to a patient who has a low literacy level. Which teaching strategies should the nurse use ?

A)Discourage use of the Internet as a source of health information.
B)Avoid asking the patient about reading abilities and level of education.
C)Provide illustrations and photographs showing various types of insulin.
D)Schedule one-to-one teaching sessions to practice insulin administration.
E)Obtain CDs and DVDs that illustrate how to perform blood glucose testing.