Deck 7: Physical and Chemical Methods of Control

Question 1

Autoclaving will usually destroy/inactivate all fungi,bacteria,viruses,and most bacterial spores but will not necessarily eliminate

A)neurotoxins.
B)prions.
C)protozoan cysts.
D)mycoplasmas.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The cleaning of glassware and tableware in restaurants falls into the category of

A)degermation.
B)sterilization.
C)disinfection.
D)sanitization.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

All of the following are methods for food preservation except

A)Pasteurization
B)Disinfection
C)Irradiation
D)Ultrahigh-temperature pasteurization

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Boiling items in water for __________ minutes will kill most vegetative bacteria and viruses.

A)3-5
B)5-6
C)6-8
D)10-15

Question 5

The effects of different kinds of radiation depend on the following factors:

A)Time of exposure, wavelength
B)Intensity, frequency, thickness of sample
C)Distance, frequency, nature of sample
D)Chemical composition, intensity, shielding

Question 6

The food preparation process in which not all microorganisms are killed,but the number of microbes capable of spoiling the food or causing disease is reduced,is called

A)sanitation.
B)pasteurization.
C)disinfection.
D)purification.

Question 7

Chlorine belongs to which of the following chemical groups?

A)Halogens
B)Heavy metals
C)Phenols
D)Alcohols

Question 8

The time in minutes in which 90% of the bacterial population will be killed at a given temperature is called the

A)generation time.
B)thermal death time.
C)sterilization time.
D)decimal reduction time.

Question 9

The term "zone of inhibition" is used in which of the following procedures?

A)Use-dilution test
B)Growth inhibition test
C)Disk-diffusion test
D)Multiple inhibition test

Question 10

The destruction of vegetative organisms by chemical or physical methods is called __________.

Question 11

Ionizing radiation involves all of the following except

A)UV light
B)Gamma rays
C)Electron beams
D)X-rays

Question 12

The term to describe an agent that causes microbial growth to be inhibited,thus preventing further growth is __________.

Question 13

The technique that combines freezing and drying to preserve microbes and other cells is

A)desiccation.
B)lyophilization.
C)pasteurization.
D)radiation.

Question 14

Antimicrobial agents that are specifically designed to be used on living tissues are referred to as __________.

Question 15

The lowest temperature by which all microorganisms in a particular liquid will be killed within 10 minutes is the __________.

Question 16

Which of the following has a higher resistance to environmental stresses than the others?

A)Bacterial endospores
B)Fungal spores
C)Enveloped viruses
D)Vegetative bacterial cells

Question 17

Decontamination is defined as the

A)killing of all microorganisms in a given area.
B)reduction or removal of unwanted chemical or biological agents.
C)stopping of the growth of microorganisms in a given area.
D)removal of all vegetative organisms.

Question 18

Which of the following methods is the simplest heat-related method to sterilize metal?

A)Incineration
B)Autoclaving
C)Direct flaming
D)Indirect heating

Question 19

A toxic,odorless gas often used as a sterilizing agent in hospitals and dental officials is

A)ethylene oxide.
B)carbon dioxide.
C)carbon monoxide.
D)propane.

Question 20

Agents that kill microbes are classified as __________.

Question 21

Match the description below with the correct item from this list.
a.Iodine
b.Triclosan
c.Aldehydes
d.Quaternary compounds
e.Damage to DNA
f.Mercury
g.Osmotic pressure
h.Penicillin
Irradiation

Question 22

Bacteria that thrive in extremely dry conditions are classified as ___________________.

Question 23

Match the description below with the correct item from this list.
a.Iodine
b.Triclosan
c.Aldehydes
d.Quaternary compounds
e.Damage to DNA
f.Mercury
g.Osmotic pressure
h.Penicillin
Halogen

Question 24

High salt or sugar content/concentrations make use of ____________ to destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Question 25

Match the description below with the correct item from this list.
a.Iodine
b.Triclosan
c.Aldehydes
d.Quaternary compounds
e.Damage to DNA
f.Mercury
g.Osmotic pressure
h.Penicillin
Alkylating agent

Question 26

Match the description below with the correct item from this list.
a.Iodine
b.Triclosan
c.Aldehydes
d.Quaternary compounds
e.Damage to DNA
f.Mercury
g.Osmotic pressure
h.Penicillin
Cationic detergent

Question 27

The two types of pasteurization typically used today are __________ and __________.

Question 28

Sterilization using dry heat requires a temperature of __________° C for a period of __________.

Question 29

The bioassay method for testing the effectiveness of disinfectants and antiseptics on microorganisms is the ______________________.

Question 30

Food irradiation destroys the __________ of the cell.

Question 31

Match the description below with the correct item from this list.
a.Iodine
b.Triclosan
c.Aldehydes
d.Quaternary compounds
e.Damage to DNA
f.Mercury
g.Osmotic pressure
h.Penicillin
Phenolic compound

Question 32

The autoclave uses pressurized steam at approximately __________° C and __________ psi.