Deck 2: The Rise of Greek Civilization

Question 1

A tyrant was a ________ who gained power in an unorthodox way.

A)colonist
B)pirate
C)fisherman
D)monarch

Answer 1

monarch

Question 2

The Acropolis in Athens is an example of a(n)________.

A)tholos
B)agora
C)public bathhouse
D)citadel

Answer 2

citadel

Question 3

The Spartan assembly consisted of ________.

A)all males over twenty
B)nobles aged forty and older
C)all males over thirty
D)all land-owning males

Answer 3

all males over thirty

Question 4

Some scholars have suggested that a group of pirates known as ________ destroyed Pylos.

A)Miletus
B)Cnossus
C)Dorians
D)tholos

Question 5

Which of the following poleis is located in Attica?

A)Athens
B)Sparta
C)Corinth
D)Thebes

Question 6

Some scholars have argued that because the civilizations of Crete reflected the importance of women,they were more ________ than others.

A)tranquil
B)aggressive
C)artistic
D)philosophical

Question 7

Who ruled Spartan government?

A)the clergy
B)a king
C)two kings
D)an elected male citizen

Question 8

The Spartan constitution contained which element(s)of government?

A)monarchy
B)democracy
C)tyranny
D)monarchy,oligarchy,and democracy

Question 9

Who was fairly called the "father of Athenian democracy"?

A)Solon
B)Pisistratus
C)Hippias
D)Clisthenes

Question 10

Until defeated by the Roman legion,the dominant military force in the eastern Mediterranean was the ________.

A)agora
B)citadel
C)hoplite phalanx
D)battalion

Question 11

By the time the last tyrants left,they were universally hated for their ________.

A)illegal dealings with land
B)cruelty and repression
C)dogmatic religious views
D)unfair laws for colonists

Question 12

A magistrate named ________ was elected as an archon in 594 b.c.e.and reformed the economics,politics,and constitution of Athens.

A)Pisistratus
B)Solon
C)Hippias
D)Clisthenes

Question 13

The earliest Bronze Age settlements were ________.

A)at the mainland site of Mycenae
B)at the coastal site of Miletus
C)on the islands of the Aegean Sea
D)on the island of Crete

Question 14

Hesiod's Works and Days gives insight into the life of a(an)________.

A)religious leader
B)farmer
C)wealthy aristocrat
D)prince

Question 15

The Greeks' period of freedom ended in the sixth century b.c.e.when the Greek colonial cities of Asia Minor came under the control of Persian ________ of Lydia.

A)King Leonidas
B)King Croesus
C)King Xerxes
D)General Mardonius

Question 16

Greek colonies,established for the good of the colonists,were sponsored by ________.

A)the colonists themselves
B)the mother city
C)rich merchants
D)nobility

Question 17

Which of the following was always awarded to winners of the Olympics?

A)free land
B)cash prizes
C)admittance to the polis leadership
D)wreaths

Question 18

Colonization encouraged trade,industry,and the manufacturing of items such as ________.

A)weapons,pottery,silks,and leather products
B)pottery,silks,weapons,and fine artistic metalwork
C)fine artistic metalwork,tools,pottery,and silks
D)tools,weapons,pottery,and fine artistic metalwork

Question 19

Which of the following correctly identifies the four classes in Homeric society?

A)Mycenaeans,Minoans,slaves,and nobles
B)nobles,shepherds,thetes,and indentured servants
C)knights,landless laborers,thetes,and shepherds
D)nobles,thetes,landless laborers,and slaves

Question 20

Although Homer's Mycenaean heroic characters worshipped gods in temples,in real life it would not have occurred because Mycenaeans ________.

A)were monotheistic and worshipped only one God
B)only made sacrifices
C)only worshipped outside
D)had no temples

Question 21

Which of the following describes the typical Greek colony-mother city relationship?

A)hostile
B)friendly
C)submissive
D)domineering

Question 22

In 498 b.c.e. ,Athenian Greeks made a surprise attack and burned down ________,the old capital of Lydia.

A)Lesbos
B)Sardis
C)Mysia
D)Caria

Question 23

Although Mycenaean palaces were destroyed and its towns abandoned by 1100 b.c.e. ,following a massive volcanic explosion around 1200 b.c.e. ,this natural disaster does not explain the end of this civilization because ________.

A)the palaces were attacked by neighboring enemies
B)some towns were still intact after the volcanic explosion
C)most people had left the area when the volcano erupted
D)most people moved out of the towns to do farming

Question 24

About 725 b.c.e. ,the pressure of population and hunger led ________,located on the Peloponnesus,to launch a war of conquest against its western neighbor:

A)Messenia
B)Sparta
C)Athens
D)Troy

Question 25

Miltiades,who had fled from Persian service,led the Greeks to a vital victory over the Persians at ________.

A)Tempe
B)Thebes
C)Corinth
D)Marathon

Question 26

The Persians controlled both sides of the ________,the route to the grain fields beyond the Black Sea.

A)Euphrates River
B)Persian Canal
C)Pagasaean Gulf
D)Hellespont

Question 27

The ruling aristocrats barred ________ from political power,religious privileges,and social acceptance,creating a crisis in many states.

A)women
B)slaves
C)peasants
D)the new rich

Question 28

A tyrant usually ________.

A)gained power in an unorthodox,but not necessarily wicked,way
B)rose to power because of his military ability
C)expelled his aristocratic opponents,dividing their land among supporters
D)All of these are correct.

Question 29

Which of the following people was most likely to be buried in a tholos tomb?

A)an ordinary citizen
B)a Mycenaean slave
C)a king
D)a convicted criminal

Question 30

The Athenians came across a rich vein of ________ in the state mines.

A)coal
B)diamonds
C)copper
D)silver

Question 31

Although some characters in Homer's poems were depicted to be cremated in the Mycenaean Age,this could not have really happened because ________.

A)Mycenaeans buried their dead in temples
B)Mycenaeans buried their dead in tholos tombs
C)Mycenaeans buried their seafaring people at sea
D)cremation was considered an act of the devil

Question 32

Of the hundreds of Greek states in 480B.C.E,only ________ were willing to fight the Persians.

A)ten
B)thirty-one
C)seventy-six
D)one hundred and eleven

Question 33

About 750 b.c.e. ,coinciding with the development of the polis,the Greeks ________.

A)created the first true alphabet
B)built up their army considerably
C)developed paper and spread a new writing system
D)created a compass

Question 34

The fall of the advanced Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations,virtually ending trade with the old civilizations of the Near East,caused the Greeks to ________.

A)bond together with other communities in order to survive
B)form a new government
C)turn inward,with each community left to its own devices
D)open up trade with other neighbors,such as Attica

Question 35

Which of the following is a long-lasting contribution that tyranny made to the development of Greek civilization?

A)increased communication with the rest of the Mediterranean world
B)cultivated arts and literature
C)broke the grip of the aristocracy and gave power to talented citizens
D)All of these are correct.

Question 36

Aristotle argued that humans can be either the best of animals or the most dangerous of animals depending on whether or not they have ________.

A)food and housing
B)educated leaders
C)caring parents
D)law and justice

Question 37

Which of the following would describe a typical male Spartan after the new system emerged in the late sixth century b.c.e.

A)controlled and regimented
B)carefree and extravagant
C)literary and cultured
D)predestined but lighthearted

Question 38

When Spartans defeated Tegea,instead of taking away land and subjugating them,they let them keep their land and their freedom in exchange for ________.

A)paying an annual fee in grains and oil
B)following the Spartan lead in foreign affairs and supplying soldiers on demand
C)converting to the Spartan religious and cultural traditions
D)educating their children with Spartan customs and swearing Spartan allegiance

Question 39

Which of the following was a result of the First Messenian War?

A)Messenians were reduced to the status of serfs.
B)Spartans were reduced to the status of serfs.
C)Messenians did not need to work the land that supported them.
D)Spartans lost land to the Messenians.

Question 40

The new civilization on Crete was a cultural bridge from ________.

A)Roman culture
B)the Stone Age
C)the Bronze Age
D)older civilizations of Greece,Egypt,and Asia

Question 41

An effect of Draco's special authority to codify and publish laws for the first time was the ________.

A)granting of rights of habeas corpus
B)granting of the right of the accused to face their accuser
C)publication of set laws that applied to all of the lower classes
D)publication of laws strengthening the hand of the state against powerful nobles

Question 42

Solon changed the constitution of Athens so that citizenship,currently the privilege of males whose fathers were citizens,was extended to include ________.

A)females whose fathers were citizens
B)all males,even if their fathers were not citizens
C)immigrants who were tradesmen and merchants
D)whoever lived there at the time the constitution was changed

Question 43

Although the twelve Olympian Gods were superhuman,all behaved like mortals except for their leader,Zeus,who ________.

A)showed mercy to the poor
B)cared about the old
C)helped the ill recover
D)was a source of human justice

Question 44

The poetry of Hesiod around 700 b.c.e. ,which detailed the daily life of a farmer,became important in ancient Greek history because ________.

A)it showed how well-versed the Greeks were
B)Hesiod was the only writer at that time
C)there were few recorded thoughts from ordinary people
D)Hesiod was really an aristocrat,not a farmer

Question 45

Which of the following is true of the Athenians?

A)They refused to attack Sardis.
B)They were related to the Ionians and shared close ties of religion and tradition with them.
C)The thought of leaving their homeland undefended against the Spartans alarmed them.
D)Before the Ionian rebellion they controlled both sides of the Hellespont.

Question 46

Crete was the site of the earliest Bronze Age settlement,and modern scholars have called the civilization that arose there ________ after the legendary king of Crete.

Question 47

The highest virtue in Homeric society was ________.

Question 48

The Greek polis was thought of as a community of ________.

Question 49

Although Greek ships were fewer and slower than Persian ships,the Greeks won a decisive sea battle by ________.

A)staying out of sight and making sudden surprise attacks
B)placing combat soldiers,instead of supplies,on their ships
C)employing Archimedes-style weapons that reached great distances
D)strategizing to follow then attack the Persians from behind

Question 50

The principal reason the agora-a marketplace and civic center-became the heart of Greek social life was because ________.

A)popular games were played there
B)conversation and argument were carried on in the open air
C)musicians played music there
D)dances and concerts were held there each night

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a program of public works achieved by tyrants?

A)They broadened education and programs for adult literacy.
B)They cared for the water supply.
C)They erected temples and strengthened city walls.
D)They sponsored the arts and supported poets and artisans.

Question 52

During the Great Invasion,one advantage for the Greeks was ________.

A)a desire to avenge their loss at Marathon
B)a strong Athenian navy
C)fighting on land instead of at sea
D)their great leader,Xerxes,and his army of at least 150,000 men

Question 53

Which of the following is true of the tyrant of Miletus,Aristagoras?

A)He urged a Persian expedition against the island of Naxos.
B)He turned to the mainland states for help.
C)He organized the Ionian rebellion of 499 b.C.e.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 54

________ was the writer of the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Question 55

Which of the following is one of the indirect causes of the growth in the numbers of enslaved Athenians in the seventh century b.c.e.

A)the rotation of crops
B)the lack of fertilizer
C)never borrowing money
D)the low price of wheat

Question 56

The marketplace and civic center of the polis was called an ________.

Question 57

Which of the following ended the calm rule of Ionia by Greece,stirring the Ionian Rebellion?

A)the Athenian victory at Marathon
B)the suicide of Cambyses
C)the death of the Persian king Cyrus the Great
D)the private troubles of the ambitious tyrant of Miletus,Aristagoras

Question 58

Athenian freedom would have been destroyed and future achievements in Greek culture may have never occurred without ________ in 490 b.c.e.

A)the victory over the Persians at Marathon
B)an intervention by Egypt
C)the Ionian Greeks inclusion of democracy
D)the general prosperity taking place

Question 59

After the withdrawal of the Spartans from Athens,Clisthenes,who had lost his political power to nobility,took the unprecedented action of ________.

A)turning to the people for political support
B)challenging the nobility to a debate
C)asking King Cleomenes I to intervene on his behalf
D)marrying the daughter of one of the nobles

Question 60

The striking creations of the palaces uncovered at such sites as Phaestus,Haghia Triada,and Cnossus detail much unique character and beauty.Based on the description of the palaces,what can we deduce about the daily lifestyle and living structures of the people living within the palaces?

A)Defense and battle techniques were essential to their survival.
B)Children were revered and blessed with oils and grains.
C)Culture,education,and innovation were valued within the society.
D)Taxes were high and often a burden to the common citizen.

Question 61

Evaluate both the benefits and drawbacks to tyrannical rule as demonstrated in Greek society.What other options could have achieved the same,or further,success without the negative outcomes? Justify your answer with examples from the text.

Question 62

A ________ was a carefully organized occasion,the center of aristocratic social life.

Question 63

In some cities,the crisis produced by new economic and social conditions led to the establishment of a ________.

Question 64

Like most ancient peoples,the Greeks were ________,and religion played an important part in their lives.

Question 65

Explain how the Greek territory expanded.What distinguishing features determined the settlement of Greek colonization? What could account for the gaps and disconnected colonization within the Greek world?

Question 66

At Plataea,in the summer of 479 b.c.e. ,the ________ suffered a decisive defeat.

Question 67

In 480 b.c.e. ,Athens had well over 200 ships and hundreds of Greek states.Only thirty-one of the states were willing to fight the Persians.What strategy did Themistocles use? What happened to King Leonidas of Sparta at Thermopylae? What did the Persian army do after they forced the Greek navy to withdraw? Discuss how Greece ultimately defeated the Persians.

Question 68

Explain why Greek colonies were established.What were some of the benefits of colonies? Whom did the colonies benefit?

Question 69

A Greek traitor showed the Persians where a hidden ________ was located,so they could attack the Greeks from behind.

Question 70

By confronting the Greeks with the differences between themselves and the new people they met,colonization gave them a sense of cultural identity and fostered a ________ spirit.

Question 71

How does the Iliad reveal the powers of the king,the noblemen,and the common soldiers in government during the Greek Middle Ages?

Question 72

The first record of the Olympics dates back to 776 b.c.e.and was held at Olympia in honor of ________.

Question 73

What sports or contests made up the Greek athletics? What were the intrinsic and tangible incentives for Greek athletes?

Question 74

Describe Homer's view of women.Was his view of women largely positive,largely negative,or a combination of both?

Question 75

How did the location of Crete influence its cultural interaction and fortification system? What geographic features could facilitate or hinder the development and security of the Minoan and Mycenaean societies?

Question 76

Archons served for only a year and were checked by their colleagues,as they looked forward to a lifetime as a member of the ________,the true master of the Athens state.

Question 77

In the seventh century b.c.e. ,Athens was a typical ________ polis.

Question 78

The priests of ________ preached moderation,including two famous sayings: "Know thyself" and "Nothing in excess."

Question 79

Explain how the traditional translation of the word polis is misleading.

Question 80

Examine the sacrifices made by Spartan men and women in their powerful commitment to the polis.What did Sparta,as a whole,gain from these sacrifices? Based on your examination of Sparta,how effective was this policy?