Deck 18: Therapeutic Agents for the Cardiovascular System

Question 1

A myocardial infarction (MI) is also known as:

A)High blood pressure
B)Elevated heart rate
C)Gas caught in the heart chambers
D)Heart attack

Answer 1

D
An MI involves death of myocardial tissue attributable to the sudden deprivation of oxygenated blood flow, often the result of a blood clot plugging a coronary artery. The death of myocardial tissue is also known as a heart attack or MI.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a form of angina?

A)Variant
B)Respiratory
C)Classic
D)Unstable

Answer 2

B
Angina is chest pain attributable to an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle. The three types of angina are stable angina, variant angina, and unstable angina. Respiratory refers to the lungs, not the heart.

Question 3

The common generic ending -pril is associated with:

A)ACE inhibitors
B)ARBs
C)Beta-blockers
D)Calcium channel blockers

Answer 3

A
Typically, ACE inhibitors have the common ending -pril, beta-blockers have the common ending -lol, and ARBs end in -artan. Although many calcium channel blockers have the -ipine ending, others have random endings.

Question 4

Excessive salt intake can cause:

A)Edema
B)Decreased blood pressure
C)Dehydration
D)B and C

Question 5

A person with hypotension could experience which of the following?

A)Sweating
B)Excitability
C)Fainting upon standing
D)All of the above

Question 6

Beta-blockers share which one of the following endings?

A)-pam
B)-pril
C)-statin
D)-lol

Question 7

High blood pressure can be caused by:

A)Increased peripheral resistance
B)Vasodilation
C)Excess angiotensin II
D)A and C

Question 8

Which one of the following is not a layer of the heart wall?

A)Endocarcium
B)Epicardium
C)Myocardium
D)Pericardium

Question 9

All of the following are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia except:

A)Lipitor
B)Lopressor
C)Niaspan ER
D)Questran

Question 10

Blood pressure:

A)Is the force exerted by the blood against the inner walls of the blood vessels.
B)Is recorded as systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.
C)Measures the pressure of contraction and the pressure of relaxation.
D)All of the above are characteristics of blood pressure.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a statin?

A)Zocor
B)Pravachol
C)Zetia
D)Lipitor

Question 12

Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are:

A)Used as bridge therapy until therapeutic warfarin levels are reached.
B)Subcutaneously administered.
C)Used only in hospitals.
D)A and B are characteristics of LMWHs.

Question 13

Which classification of medications is not used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia?

A)Diuretics
B)Bile acid sequestrants
C)Fibrates
D)Statins

Question 14

The initial drug treatment for hypertension is typically a(n):

A)Thiazide diuretic
B)Beta-blocker
C)ACE inhibitor
D)ARB

Question 15

A frequent, annoying side effect of ACE inhibitors that causes some users to switch to a different antihypertensive medication is:

A)Diarrhea
B)Dry, hacking cough
C)GI upset
D)Nausea

Question 16

The difference between ACE inhibitors and ARBs is:

A)Only ACE inhibitors are used for hypertension.
B)ACE inhibitors stop the production of angiotensin II, and ARBs inhibit the effects of angiotensin II.
C)Only ARBS are used for hypertension.
D)None of the above answers apply.

Question 17

Which one of the following drugs is commonly prescribed for heart failure (HF)?

A)Lanoxin
B)Lipitor
C)Zebeta
D)aspirin

Question 18

Which of the following is(are) considered "good" cholesterol?

A)Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
B)High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
C)Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
D)A and C

Question 19

The only artery(ies) that carry(ies) deoxygenated blood is(are) the:

A)Aorta
B)Coronary arteries
C)Pulmonary arteries
D)Carotid arteries

Question 20

One benefit of selective beta-1 blockers over nonselective beta-blockers is:

A)Selective beta-1 blockers decrease blood pressure.
B)Selective beta-1 blockers constrict the bronchi.
C)Selective beta-1 blockers can be used with patients with asthma.
D)Both B and C are benefits of selective beta-1 blockers.

Question 21

The vessel(s) responsible for supplying oxygen to the heart muscle is(are) called:

A)Aorta
B)Coronary arteries
C)Pulmonary arteries
D)Vena cavae

Question 22

Patients with hypertension should be aware of which of the following OTC products that could elevate their blood pressure?

A)Decongestants
B)Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
C)Antihistamines
D)All of the above

Question 23

Which medication binds to bile acids in the GI tract, preventing their reabsorption to lower cholesterol levels?

A)Questran
B)Niacin
C)Mevacor
D)Lopid

Question 24

What medication is used to treat an overdose of Lanoxin?

A)Vitamin K
B)Digibind
C)Acetadote
D)Protamine sulfate

Question 25

Treatment for hypotension could include:

A)Increased water intake
B)Fludrocortisone to increase blood volume
C)Midodrine to increase vasoconstriction
D)All of the above

Question 26

Nitrates:

A)Dilate the arteries to permit an increase of blood flow to the heart muscle.
B)Reduce the workload of the heart.
C)Are used to treat angina.
D)All of the above are true statements.

Question 27

One annoying side effect of some niacin formulations is:

A)Cramping
B)Diarrhea
C)Flushing
D)Excessive urination

Question 28

The overuse of statins may be toxic to which body organ?

A)Kidney
B)Liver
C)Lungs
D)Pancreas

Question 29

Which of the following beta-blockers is nonselective?

A)Inderal
B)Lopressor
C)Atenolol
D)All of the above

Question 30

Atherosclerosis:

A)Is a thickening and hardening of artery walls.
B)Involves a buildup of lipids and platelets in the arteries.
C)Is a type of arteriosclerosis.
D)All of the above are accurate descriptions of atherosclerosis.

Question 31

Which agent primarily increases HDL cholesterol levels and lowers triglyceride levels?

A)Simvastatin
B)Gemfibrozil
C)Pravastatin
D)Cholestyramine

Question 32

Which of the following statements is(are) true concerning NTG ointment?

A)NTG ointment is available in 1-, 30-, and 60-g sizes.
B)Doses are measured in - to 2-inch segments, similar to toothpaste.
C)NTG ointment is placed on the chest.
D)All of the above are true statements.

Question 33

Which formulation of NTG would not be appropriate for the treatment of an acute angina attack?

A)Translingual spray
B)Sublingual tablets
C)Transdermal patch
D)Solution for injection

Question 34

Angina (chest pain) is caused by:

A)Lack of blood flow to the brain
B)Lack of blood flow to the coronary muscle
C)Low iron levels
D)A and B

Question 35

The most prescribed antianginal agent is:

A)Nitroglycerin (NTG)
B)Digoxin
C)Furosemide
D)Diltiazem

Question 36

Which instruction is not necessary to explain to patients concerning their NTG SL tablets?

A)Take with food.
B)Take every 5 minutes as needed for chest pain up to a maximum of three doses.If no relief is achieved, then call 9-1-1.
C)Keep the medication out of the sunlight.
D)Keep the medication in its original container.

Question 37

Which of the following is(are) the most widely used agent(s) for the treatment of hyperlipidemia?

A)HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
B)Niacin
C)Bile acid sequestrants
D)B and C

Question 38

Requirements for dispensing NTG sublingual (NTG SL) tablets include:

A)Placing the label on the original container to dispense
B)Protecting the tablets from heat and light
C)Placing the original container inside a plastic prescription vial, without a safety cap, and labeling this vial
D)B and C