Deck 55: Genital Tract Infections

Question 1

The predominant organism in vaginal secretions from normal women of reproductive age is

A)lactobacilli.
B)Streptococcus agalactiae.
C)Enterobacteriaceae.
D)staphylococci.

Answer 1

A
The lining of the normal human genital tract is a mucosal layer made up of transitional, columnar, and squamous epithelial cells. Various species of commensal bacteria colonize these surfaces, causing no harm to the host except under abnormal circumstances and helping to prevent the adherence of pathogenic organisms. The flora of the female genital tract varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa, which depends on the host's age. Lactobacilli are the predominant organisms in secretions from normal, healthy vaginas.

Question 2

A culture performed on a vaginal specimen collected from a 38-year-old woman would likely grow primarily

A)group B beta-hemolytic streptococci.
B)staphylococci and corynebacteria.
C)lactobacilli, Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, staphylococci.
D)Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp., peptostreptococci, and Mobiluncus spp.

Answer 2

C
Various species of commensal bacteria colonize the lining of the normal human genital tract, causing no harm to the host except under abnormal circumstances and helping to prevent the adherence of pathogenic organisms. The flora of the female genital tract varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa, which depends on the host's age. Prepubescent and postmenopausal women harbor primarily staphylococci and corynebacteria (the same flora present on surface epithelium), whereas women of reproductive age may harbor large numbers of facultative bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, and staphylococci, as well as anaerobes such as lactobacilli, anaerobic non-spore-forming and cocci, and clostridia.

Question 3

An infection of the vaginal mucosa resulting in abnormal discharge and an offensive odor or itching is referred to as

A)chorioamnionitis.
B)bartholinitis.
C)cervicitis.
D)vaginitis.

Answer 3

D
Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, called vaginitis, is a common clinical syndrome accounting for approximately 10 million office visits each year. Women who present with vaginal symptoms often complain of an abnormal discharge and possibly other symptoms such as an offensive odor or itching. The three most common causes of vaginitis in premenopausal women are vaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis.

Question 4

Match the condition with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in abnormal discharge and an offensive odor or itching
b.A polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge
c.An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.
d.A mild to severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by blood-borne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus
Orchitis

Question 5

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Question 6

The type of vaginitis referred to as bacterial vaginosis is thought to be caused by

A)Gardnerella vaginalis.
B)Prevotella spp.
C)peptostreptococci.
D)Mobiluncus spp.
E)All of the above are correct.

Question 7

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Bacterial vaginosis

Question 8

Infections that are acquired during sexual activity are referred to as

A)endogenous infections.
B)pyelonephritis
C)Exogenous infections.
D)Upper tract infections.

Question 9

An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy is called

A)pelvic inflammatory disease.
B)bartholinitis.
C)cervicitis.
D)chorioamnionitis.

Question 10

Match the condition with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in abnormal discharge and an offensive odor or itching
b.A polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge
c.An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.
d.A mild to severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by blood-borne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus
Vaginitis

Question 11

Large amounts of epithelial cells, many of which are covered by tiny gram-variable rods and coccobacilli, and the absence of inflammatory cells in vaginal discharge is a sign of

A)pelvic inflammatory disease.
B)bartholinitis.
C)cervicitis.
D)bacterial vaginosis.

Question 12

An organism that many women carry as part of their normal genital microbial flora that may be transmitted to the neonate during childbirth is

A)Staphylococcus.
B)Escherichia coli.
C)Streptococcus agalactiae.
D)Gardnerella vaginalis.

Question 13

Proper design of a urogenital swab designed expressly for collection of urethral discharge should include what feature?

A)Made of charcoal treated cotton or rayon
B)Made of antibiotic treated calcium alginate
C)Shaft made of wood and not flexible
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 14

Match the condition with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in abnormal discharge and an offensive odor or itching
b.A polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge
c.An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.
d.A mild to severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by blood-borne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus
Chorioamnionitis

Question 15

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Orchitis

Question 16

A culture performed on a vaginal specimen collected from a 60-year-old woman would likely grow primarily

A)group B beta-hemolytic streptococci.
B)staphylococci and corynebacteria.
C)Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, staphylococci, lactobacilli, and anaerobes.
D)Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp., peptostreptococci, and Mobiluncus spp.

Question 17

An infection that results when cervical microorganisms travel upward to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic structures and produce inflammatory conditions such as endometritis, salpingitis, peritonitis, or abscesses is called

A)chorioamnionitis.
B)bartholinitis.
C)cervicitis.
D)pelvic inflammatory disease.

Question 18

The predominant organisms in vaginal secretions from normal prepubescent girls and postmenopausal women are

A)lactobacilli.
B)Streptococcus agalactiae.
C)Enterobacteriaceae.
D)staphylococci.

Question 19

The flora of the female genital tract

A)consists primarily of staphylococci, corynebacteria, and Neisseria.
B)consists primarily of Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, and staphylococci.
C)consists primarily of Streptococcus agalactiae and staphylococci.
D)varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa.

Question 20

Match the condition with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in abnormal discharge and an offensive odor or itching
b.A polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge
c.An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.
d.A mild to severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by blood-borne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus
Bacterial vaginosis

Question 21

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Epididymitis

Question 22

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Prostatitis

Question 23

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Cervicitis

Question 24

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enterics
g.Mumps virus
Bartholinitis