Deck 33: Stem Cells a Repair Kit for the Body

Question 1

At which point or stage would the majority of cells in the embryo no longer be stem cells?

A)the pre-embryo stage
B)in the blastocyst
C)after organogenesis
D)A large number of stem cells would exist in all these stages.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

How is a stem cell different from a "normal" cell? (Use a liver cell as an example.)

Answer 2

A "normal" cell has differentiated and is expressing specific genes related to a particular cell type and has turned off genes unrelated to its function.Stem cells have yet to differentiate and have the potential to express any genes they have,depending on the environment they are in.

Question 3

Stem cell lines are developed from ________.

A)multipotent cells
B)inner cell mass cells from a blastocyst
C)cells collected from umbilical cords
D)cells collected from amniotic fluid

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Describe several potential applications for embryonic stem cell research.

Question 5

Which one of the following correctly describes the order of stem cells from the lowest degree of flexibility (unipotent)to the highest degree of flexibility (totipotent)?

A)embryonic stem cells < adult stem cells < zygote
B)embryonic stem cells < zygote < adult stem cells
C)adult stem cells < zygote < embryonic stem cells
D)adult stem cells < embryonic stem cells < zygote

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false concerning stem cells and stem cell research?

A)Stem cells are created as the result of in vitro fertilization procedures.
B)Stem cells that are desirable for research come from embryos that are only a few days old.
C)Stem cell research in the United States is federally funded under all circumstances.
D)Stem cells are not yet differentiated.

Question 7

Most people assume that cloning refers only to whole organism or reproductive cloning.Explain how therapeutic cloning is different from reproductive cloning.

Question 8

A cell with the ability to differentiate into several different types of cells is considered ________.

A)totipotent
B)unipotent
C)multipotent
D)pluripotent

Question 9

As stem cell research rapidly developed,it became a political and ethical issue.Describe how the ethical and political approach towards stem cell research has changed in the past decade.

Question 10

Explain how a stem cell line would be developed.

Question 11

Which of the following areas is not known to contain stem cells?

A)the skin
B)bone marrow
C)the umbilical cord
D)muscle

Question 12

Which of the following is not needed in a reproductive cloning procedure?

A)an egg cell
B)a diploid cell
C)a sperm cell
D)a surrogate mother

Question 13

Which of the following creates pluripotent stem cells without the need to destroy an embryo?

A)embryonic stem cell removal from unused embryos at fertility clinics
B)retrieval of stem cells from umbilical cord blood
C)retrieval of stem cells from adult bone marrow
D)induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 14

Which one of the following correctly describes the order of stem cells from the lowest degree of flexibility to the highest degree of flexibility?

A)unipotent < multipotent < pluripotent < totipotent
B)multipotent < unipotent < pluripotent < totipotent
C)pluripotent < unipotent < totipotent < multipotent
D)unipotent < multipotent < totipotent < pluripotent

Question 15

Before stem cell research was such a prominent topic in the news,many people were misinformed about embryonic stem cell research.Many people thought that this form of stem cell research could only be completed by collecting stem cells from electively aborted fetuses.Explain specifically where embryonic stem cells come from when used for research and why these cells would not typically be found in aborted fetuses.

Question 16

Which statement best describes the difference between therapeutic and reproductive cloning?

A)Therapeutic cloning involves producing medications, while reproductive cloning is used for in vitro fertilization procedures.
B)Therapeutic cloning produces cells that are not genetically identical to their source, while reproductive cloning produces cells that are genetically identical to their source.
C)Therapeutic cloning is used to produce stem cells that can be coerced into differentiating into a specific cell type, while reproductive cloning is used to produce organisms identical to what they were cloned from.
D)There really aren't any differences between therapeutic and reproductive cloning.