Deck 18: Foreign Policy

Question 1

The distribution of power in an international system in which two states exert most of the power and influence is defined as

A)bipolarity.
B)unipolarity.
C)bilateralism.
D)unilateralism.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

As a result of its breathtaking economic development, ______ emerged as a global economic power In he 1970s.and 1980s.

A)the Soviet Union
B)India
C)China
D)Germany

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In 1947, a specialist in Soviet Union politics and policy, George F.Kennan, argued for a policy of

A)attacking the Soviet Union.
B)expanding U.S. control over Soviet satellites.
C)containment of Soviet aspirations.
D)pressuring satellite nations to leave the Soviet Union.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The ways in which political actors in a nation engage others at home and abroad in order to advance their own nation's interests, protect and secure national security, and support national commercial interests are defined as

A)defense policy.
B)domestic policy.
C)foreign policy.
D)economic policy.

Question 5

Jefferson and Washington's Treasury Secretary was

A)Benjamin Franklin.
B)Alexander Hamilton.
C)Thomas Paine.
D)John Adams.

Question 6

Early debates among members of Washington's administration and their attempts to rally others to their cause formed the nuclei of America's first

A)political parties.
B)interest groups.
C)divided government.
D)lobbyists.

Question 7

A foreign policy orientation in which a nation attempts to stay out of foreign entanglements is defined as

A)mercantilism.
B)inclusion.
C)isolationism.
D)industrialism.

Question 8

The policy that asserted that the United States was the guarantor of political, military, and economic stability in Latin America and the Caribbean was called the

A)Louisiana Purchase.
B)Monroe Doctrine.
C)Madison Policy.
D)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 9

President Washington's admonishments in his Farewell Address to the nation pointed to a policy of

A)mercantilism.
B)inclusion.
C)isolationism.
D)industrialism.

Question 10

The first Secretary of State was

A)Benjamin Franklin.
B)Alexander Hamilton.
C)Thomas Jefferson.
D)John Adams.

Question 11

A distribution of power in the international system in which one state exerts most of the power and influence is defined as

A)bipolarity.
B)unipolarity.
C)bilateralism.
D)unilateralism.

Question 12

The period of time between 1945 and 1991 characterized by nonviolent political hostility between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies is defined as the

A)Cold War.
B)Spy War.
C)Red Scare.
D)Communist Period.

Question 13

The policy that asserted American interests in and primacy over actions in the Western Hemisphere was called the

A)Louisiana Purchase.
B)Monroe Doctrine.
C)Madison Policy.
D)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 14

An alliance created during the Cold War requiring America and all other members to come to the military aid of each other in case of attack was the

A)North Atlantic Treaty Alliance (NATO).
B)United Nations Educational Science and Cultural Education (UNESCO).
C)Warsaw Pact.
D)United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF).

Question 15

After the Cold War, the world changed from decades of being a ______ world to a ______ one.

A)unilateral | bilateral
B)unipolar | bipolar
C)bipolar | unipolar
D)bilateral | unilateral

Question 16

The first cabinet position established to assist President George Washington in the nation's first presidential administration was the

A)Secretary of Defense.
B)Secretary of State.
C)Secretary of Commerce.
D)Secretary of the Interior.

Question 17

The Soviet Union would officially cease to exist on

A)November 9, 1989.
B)December 1, 1991.
C)December 26, 1991.
D)January 1, 1992.

Question 18

On the night of November 9, 1989, what important historical event occurred?

A)The Soviet Union broke up.
B)The Berlin Wall fell.
C)The Cold War officially ended.
D)The First Iraqi War began.

Question 19

Had the Cold War gone hot, it very well may have involved the use of

A)traditional weapons.
B)nuclear weapons.
C)global terrorism.
D)nonconventional weapons.

Question 20

During his administration, Thomas Jefferson expanded and employed the American Navy to

A)Mexico.
B)Great Britain.
C)Tripoli.
D)Iraq.

Question 21

In the 20th century, American foreign policy changed to one of

A)isolationism.
B)internationalism.
C)absolutism.
D)socialism.

Question 22

Which diplomatic leader warned that "an iron curtain has descended across the continent"?

A)Winston Churchill
B)Franklin D. Roosevelt
C)Harry S. Truman
D)Charles de Gaulle

Question 23

The international organization formed to gather other countries in support of Soviet containment was the

A)European Union.
B)United Nations.
C)Warsaw Pact.
D)World Monetary Fund.

Question 24

The victories of America and its allies in World War I led to

A)the complete retreat of American military forces from global involvement and a return to isolationism.
B)America's establishment as a key member of the global military and economic balance of power.
C)American nationalism and patriotic pride as the country rose in international prominence on the global scene.
D)the need for American soldiers to take a secondary role in the military and economic balance of power.

Question 25

Internationalism can best be defined as an approach to international affairs that emphasizes

A)close contact and cooperation between nations.
B)little, if any, contact between nations.
C)distrust between nation states.
D)global conflict and militaristic diplomacy.

Question 26

The collapse and disintegration of the Soviet Union was due in large part to

A)intense diplomatic, economic, ideological, and military competition between the superpowers.
B)the extension of U.S. troops into Soviet satellite nations.
C)tough speeches given by Presidents Kennedy and Reagan.
D)an excess of resource demands on the property-poor Soviet Union.

Question 27

The Cold War foreign policy designed to restrict expansion of Soviet ideological and military influence and expansion, using military force if necessary, was called

A)retainment.
B)prevention.
C)containment.
D)restriction.

Question 28

An extremely powerful state that is capable of influencing international events and actions of other less powerful states is deemed a

A)superpower.
B)world leader.
C)military threat.
D)diplomatic partner.

Question 29

The establishment of organizations of economic cooperation within post-World War II Europe would eventually lead to the modern

A)European Union.
B)United Nations.
C)Warsaw Pact.
D)World Monetary Fund.

Question 30

Which of the following was most responsible for the end of World War II?

A)the firebombing of Germany
B)America's island-hopping campaign in the Pacific
C)incendiary attacks on the Japanese people
D)the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945

Question 31

The Cold War policy wherein loans and aid were made available to the nations of Western Europe and established organizations of economic cooperation was called the

A)Truman Doctrine.
B)Marshall Plan.
C)Roosevelt Corollary.
D)Patton Initiative.

Question 32

The doctrine that called for the use of American assistance to anticommunist groups that included military training and hardware during the 1980s in places like Nicaragua and Afghanistan was called the

A)Kennedy Proposal.
B)Marshall Plan.
C)Reagan Doctrine.
D)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 33

For the more than the first century of America's history, its pattern of global involvement was defined by

A)global economic involvement but a lack of military action with wars and conflicts outside of the Western Hemisphere.
B)little economic involvement but an expansion of military action in wars and conflicts outside of the Western Hemisphere.
C)economic involvement only in the Western Hemisphere and no military involvement in Europe or areas outside of the Western Hemisphere.
D)global economic and military involvement with wars and conflicts outside of the Western Hemisphere.

Question 34

The fourth major war in contemporary U.S.history was

A)the Second World War.
B)the Cold War.
C)the War on Terror.
D)the War on Drugs.

Question 35

In the Aftermath of World War II, America and ______ quickly became enemies.

A)Great Britain
B)Japan
C)the Soviet Union
D)West Germany

Question 36

In 1962, both of the major superpowers nearly went to nuclear war in an incident known as

A)the Korean War.
B)the Tet Offensive.
C)the Helsinki Incident.
D)the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Question 37

Wars that are instigated by major powers that do not themselves become involved are called

A)hot wars.
B)cold wars.
C)proxy wars.
D)quasi-wars.

Question 38

The alliance between the United States, Canada, Iceland, and nine Western European nations in order to form a mutual defense pact was called

A)the Warsaw Pact.
B)the United Nations.
C)NATO.
D)UNICEF.

Question 39

During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union served as the world's two

A)greatest threats.
B)diplomatic partners.
C)superpowers.
D)economic leaders.

Question 40

The United States entered World War I in what year?

A)1914
B)1915
C)1916
D)1917

Question 41

The series of protests that took place across North Africa and the Middle East beginning in early 2010 that led to democratic reforms in some nations and civil war and chaos in others has been called

A)Operation Iraqi Freedom.
B)the Bush Doctrine.
C)the Great Remembrance.
D)Arab Spring.

Question 42

The federal agency charged with investigations for the Attorney General and with safeguarding national security is

A)the Central Intelligence Agency.
B)the National Defense Council.
C)the intelligence community.
D)the National Security Agency.

Question 43

According to Amy Hawthorne, Deputy Director of Research at Project in Middle East Democracy,

A)almost every Arab country is either worse off than it was in 2011 or has had no significant positive change from Arab Spring.
B)most Arab countries have become democratized and have benefited from Arab Spring.
C)some Arab nations showed a positive impact, but others are worse of than when they started.
D)Arab Spring was a bad idea from the start and was not something to be celebrated.

Question 44

The advisory body that provides the president with intelligence, analysis, and advice on critical matters of national security is

A)the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
B)the Department of Homeland Security.
C)the National Security Council.
D)the State Department.

Question 45

In a speech at West Point in 2002, President Bush articulated the theory of ______ in which the United States would use its military might to challenge adversaries before they launched attacks upon the United States or harbor those who might do so.

A)reflective conflict
B)military dominance
C)preemptive war
D)international containment

Question 46

The newest cabinet department, and one of the most influential in conducting foreign policy, is

A)the Defense Department.
B)the Department of the Interior.
C)the State Department.
D)the Department of Homeland Security.

Question 47

The head of all of the intelligence agencies in the United States is

A)the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
B)the Secretary of Homeland Security.
C)the National Security Advisor.
D)the Director of National Intelligence.

Question 48

The most powerful single actor in setting and implementing American foreign policy is

A)Congress.
B)the president.
C)the Defense Department.
D)the Department of State.

Question 49

In 2003, the United States invaded ______ even though it had not been deemed immediately responsible for the September 11 attacks.

A)Iran
B)Iraq
C)Afghanistan
D)North Korea

Question 50

In order to go to war in 2003, President Bush sought

A)a formal declaration of war.
B)congressional authorization.
C)approval of his cabinet.
D)a plan from the Department of Defense.

Question 51

Which of the following agencies is primarily responsible for diplomatic relationships with other nations?

A)the Defense Department
B)the Department of the Interior
C)the State Department
D)the Department of Homeland Security

Question 52

Which of he following best describes why legislators are reluctant to scale back spending on defense programs?

A)concern for external invasion
B)belief in America's foreign policy
C)desire to be reelected
D)the power of the executive branch

Question 53

Congress has the power to exert considerable influence over foreign policy through its power of/to

A)declare war.
B)advice and consent.
C)separated institutions.
D)legislative authority.

Question 54

Which of the following groups arose from the rubble of war-torn Syria, Libya, and Iraq?

A)the Black Hand
B)ISIS
C)al Qaeda
D)FARC

Question 55

On September 11, 2001, members of the terrorist organization ______ hijacked four American commercial aircraft, using them to attack the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York.

A)the Black Hand
B)ISIS
C)al Qaeda
D)FARC

Question 56

The power of Congress to influence foreign policy through setting the national budget and appropriating funds for various executive-branch departments, agencies, and bureaus is best described as

A)legislative authority.
B)the power to declare war.
C)the power of the purse.
D)oversight authority.

Question 57

Which of the following is the advisory board responsible for reporting to the president on military options ?

A)the State Department
B)the Defense Department
C)the Joint Chiefs of Staff
D)the Department of Homeland Security

Question 58

The use of violence as a means to achieve political ends is defined as

A)mayhem.
B)domestic violence.
C)international violence.
D)terrorism.

Question 59

In an essay published in 2014, Seymour Hersh, citing unnamed sources, used a CIA term called ______ to describe a presidential policy that was designed to funnel weapons and ammunition from Libya to the opposition in Syria, many of whom were affiliated with al Qaeda.

A)the "Rat Line"
B)"My Lai"
C)"undercover angel"
D)"covert distribution"

Question 60

The dominant executive-branch department in formulating and enacting American defense policy and managing American armed forces is

A)the Defense Department.
B)the Department of the Interior.
C)the State Department.
D)the Department of Homeland Security.

Question 61

In 1993, America entered into an agreement with Canada and Mexico to increase trade between nations, called the

A)North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
B)North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
C)International Trade Commission.
D)Trans-Pacific Partnership.

Question 62

After the Cold War, the United States stood alone as a military hyperpower.

Question 63

Which of the following events most impacted current attitudes toward Syrian immigration across the globe?

A)the attacks of September 11, 2001
B)the San Bernardino attacks of December 2015
C)the sheer number of Syrian migrants
D)the November 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris

Question 64

The Berlin Wall had stood in some form since the end of World War II in the late 1940s.

Question 65

The policy of restricting access by foreign producers to American markets that may benefit specific domestic, agricultural, industrial, and service providers is known as

A)isolationism.
B)absolutism.
C)protectionism.
D)abolitionism.

Question 66

The advancement of a nation's interests by exporting its values and culture abroad is known as

A)absolute power.
B)economic power.
C)soft power.
D)hard power.

Question 67

In the 20th century, American foreign policy changed from internationalism to isolationism.

Question 68

Thanks to intense diplomatic efforts and controls, at no point during the Cold War did the world's superpowers come close to a nuclear conflict.

Question 69

Most current American efforts to coordinate international economic policy focus on fostering

A)protectionism.
B)command policies.
C)mixed economics.
D)free trade.

Question 70

A criticism of NAFTA has been its impact on

A)American jobs.
B)immigration patterns.
C)open borders.
D)economic policy.

Question 71

American foreign policy makers must operate under the same controls and restrictions as their domestic policy counterparts.

Question 72

In 2016, President Obama continued to push for congressional support for the

A)North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
B)North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
C)International Trade Commission.
D)Trans-Pacific Partnership.

Question 73

In the wake of the fallout from American withdrawal from South Vietnam and concerns by many members of Congress that America had been drawn into a major but officially undeclared proxy war against the Soviet Union in Vietnam, Congress passed the

A)Star Wars Project.
B)War Powers Resolution.
C)U.S.-Soviet Consular Treaty.
D)Marshall Plan.

Question 74

In order to justify U.S.military involvement in Iraq, President Bush named the nation as being directly involved in the Twin Towers attacks of September 11, 2001.

Question 75

The Marshall Plan was a key tool in America's containment strategy during the Cold War.

Question 76

In December 2015, the Attorney General of Texas, under the leadership of Republican Governor Greg Abbott, sued the United States government to

A)end NAFTA.
B)contest participation in the TPP.
C)receive proceeds from the NAFTA and TPP agreements.
D)block resettlement of Syrian refugees within the state.

Question 77

Until recently, which state was second only to California in accepting Syrian refugees?

A)Texas
B)Arizona
C)Florida
D)North Carolina

Question 78

The Monroe Doctrine asserted American interests in and primacy over actions around the globe.

Question 79

The first cabinet position didn't appear until the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.

Question 80

During the Cold War, both the United States and the Soviet Union fought proxy wars in which neither nation was directly involved.