Deck 17: Nutrition for Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and Infancy

Question 1

If a woman starts pregnancy at a healthy weight,how much should she gain throughout the pregnancy?

A)7 to 10 pounds
B)11 to 20 pounds
C)25 to 35 pounds
D)35 to 45 pounds
E)more than 50 pounds

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The bacteria,__________,can contaminate foods and cause premature birth,miscarriage,stillbirth,or severe illness in the newborn.

A)mercury
B)iron
C)listeria
D)lactose
E)brie

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following nutrients does NOT have an increased recommended intake in pregnancy?

A)iron
B)calcium
C)zinc
D)iodine
E)All of these nutrients have an increased RDA with pregnancy.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following meals helps to best meet requirements for omega-3 fatty acids?

A)chicken with cream sauce
B)pasta with red sauce
C)salmon with brown rice
D)rice and beans
E)steak and potatoes

Question 5

Risks associated with excessive weight gain during pregnancy may include

A)Cesarean delivery.
B)childhood obesity.
C)adult obesity.
D)preterm birth.
E)All of the abovE.

Question 6

To improve the health of her baby,an overweight woman should

A)lose weight prior to becoming pregnant.
B)lose weight during the pregnancy.
C)gain 11 to 20 pounds during the pregnancy (if she does not lose weight prior to becoming pregnant).
D)gain 50 pounds during the pregnancy.
E)Answer choices A and C are both correct.

Question 7

The __________ are the milk producing glands in the breast.

A)ducts
B)ampullae
C)alveoli
D)nipples
E)areolae

Question 8

_________ deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in pregnancy.

A)Vitamin D
B)Vitamin A
C)Iodine
D)Iron
E)Calcium

Question 9

More than ________ of all women are overweight or obese prior to pregnancy.

A)one-quarter
B)one-third
C)one-half
D)two-thirds
E)three-fourths

Question 10

A mom who begins her pregnancy at a healthy weight should gain ______ pound(s)per week during the second and third trimesters.

A)one
B)two
C)one and a half
D)three
E)four

Question 11

Which of the following scenarios can put a baby at increased risk of being born small for gestational age (SGA)?

A)Mom gains too much weight during pregnancy.
B)Mom gains too little weight during pregnancy.
C)Mom begins pregnancy underweight,and does not gain adequate "catch up" weight during pregnancy.
D)Mom smokes during pregnancy.
E)Answer choices B,C,and D are all correct.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a change that a woman's body typically experiences during pregnancy?

A)increase in breathing rate
B)increase in fluid volume
C)shifts to primarily using fat as fuel source
D)increase in GI motility
E)increase in metabolic rate

Question 13

Disordered eating behavior,which causes women to consume nonfood items such as clay,dirt or hair,is called

A)anorexia nervosA.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)pica.
D)morning sickness.
E)binge eating disorder.

Question 14

Health risks associated with a small-for-gestational-age infant (SGA)include all of the following,except

A)infant mortality.
B)stillbirth.
C)increased risk for hypertension as an adult.
D)increased risk for cancer as an adult.
E)increased risk for diabetes as an adult.

Question 15

Unless medically contraindicated,low to moderate intensity exercise is recommended for all women during pregnancy.

Question 16

Which of the following nutrients can cause birth defects,such as facial and heart deformities,when ingested at toxic levels (above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level)?

A)vitamin D
B)iodine
C)iron
D)vitamin A
E)EPA

Question 17

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC),when is the optimum time for women of childbearing age to ensure they have adequate intake of folic acid?

A)prior to pregnancy
B)the first trimester of pregnancy
C)the second trimester of pregnancy
D)the third trimester of pregnancy
E)Folic acid does not have an increased RDA with pregnancy.

Question 18

Why is it critical for women to ensure they are receiving adequate amounts of folate or folic acid prior to pregnancy?

A)because it is very difficult to get adequate amounts of folate or folic acid from a typical American diet
B)because the critical period for folic acid begins during the first 3 to 4 weeks of pregnancy,often before a woman knows she is pregnant
C)there is not a need for extra folate or folic acid,as there is not an increased RDA for pregnancy
D)because a deficiency in folate or folic acid can result in maternal weight gain
E)folate or folic acid is not critical until the third trimester of pregnancy

Question 19

Which of the following menus is the best,and safest,choice for a pregnant mom?

A)sushi and rice
B)brie and crackers
C)grilled swordfish and vegetables
D)grilled cheddar cheese sandwich and tomato soup
E)feta cheese and tomato salad

Question 20

Pregnant women need to avoid ____________ to decrease their risk of contracting listeriosis.

A)canned vegetables
B)soy milk
C)unpasteurized cheese,such as brie or blue cheese
D)hamburgers
E)frozen fruit

Question 21

A breast-fed child will experience which of the following benefits of breastfeeding?

A)decreased risk of obesity
B)decreased risk of ear infections
C)decreased risk of lower respiratory infections
D)decreased risk of sudden infant death syndrome
E)All of the abovE.

Question 22

One-year-old babies are generally expected to have __________their weight from birth.

A)doubled
B)tripled
C)quadrupled
D)quintupled
E)maintained

Question 23

A breastfeeding mom's energy needs are 2500 kcal per day.She is able to decrease her intake to approximately _________ kcal per day without affecting the quality of quantity of milk production.

A)1000 kcal per day
B)1500 kcal per day
C)1800 kcal per day
D)2000 kcal per day
E)2200 kcal per day

Question 24

What is a safe amount of alcohol to drink during pregnancy?

A)0 drinks a day
B)1 drink a day
C)1 drink a week
D)1 drink a month
E)It's safe to drink alcohol at the end of the third trimester.

Question 25

A mom with ________ would be recommended to NOT breastfeed her child.

A)diabetes
B)hypertension
C)HIV
D)obesity
E)heart disease

Question 26

What is the best way to provide your baby with unique immune protection against ear,gastrointestinal,and sever lower respiratory tract infections?

A)gaining appropriate weight with pregnancy
B)exclusively breastfeeding your infant
C)exclusively formula feeding your infant
D)keeping infant in an extremely hygienic environment
E)delaying the start of school until age 5

Question 27

Benefits of formula feeding include all of the following,except

A)no need for mom to worry about taking medications that are contraindicated with breastfeeding.
B)no concerns over the amount of nutrition the baby is consuming.
C)formula provides unique immune properties.
D)can consume alcohol without timing consumption with breastfeeding.
E)alleviates any concerns regarding discomfort with breastfeeding.

Question 28

Beginning solid foods too early may result in

A)increased risk for childhood obesity.
B)increased risk of food allergies.
C)having an upset stomach.
D)choking,if child is not able to hold their head up.
E)All of the abovE.

Question 29

Which condition can result in a host of problems,including growth problems,brain damage,learning disabilities,physical abnormalities,and behavior issues?

A)gestational diabetes
B)pre-eclampsia
C)fetal alcohol syndrome
D)critical periods
E)neural tube defects

Question 30

Signs that a baby is ready to start eating solid food include being able to hold the head up,sitting up in a high chair,and

A)the disappearance or diminishment of the tongue thrusting reflex.
B)the growth of several teeth.
C)showing no interest in the bottle.
D)feeding himself or herself.
E)walking.

Question 31

All of the following foods are appropriate and safe to feed a toddler,except

A)cottage cheese.
B)cooked,mashed beans.
C)yogurt.
D)whole grapes.
E)banana.

Question 32

Which of the following can decrease risk of childhood obesity?

A)Mom gains only the adequate amount of weight during pregnancy.
B)Mom gains too little weight during pregnancy.
C)Mom exclusively breastfeeds the child.
D)Mom exclusively formula feeds the chilD.
E)Answers A and C are both correct.

Question 33

The _________ is the organ that delivers oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus during pregnancy.

A)uterus
B)cervix
C)placenta
D)heart
E)liver

Question 34

What is the main benefit of delaying the clamping of the umbilical cord after birth?

A)decreased risk of iron deficiency in the baby
B)low birth weight
C)easier labor and delivery
D)improves mom's fertility
E)decreases risk for childhood obesity

Question 35

The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding until the age of __________,when solid food should be introduced.

A)1 to 2 months
B)2 to 3 months
C)4 to 6 months
D)7 to 9 months
E)12 months

Question 36

Exclusively breastfed infants may need supplementation with

A)vitamin D
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin A.
D)magnesium.
E)phosphorus.

Question 37

Exclusively breastfed infants may be at risk for ______ deficiency if they do not have adequate stores,and/or if they were born prematurely.

A)calcium
B)vitamin K
C)vitamin C
D)iron
E)vitamin E

Question 38

A breastfeeding mom may decrease her risk of

A)breast cancer.
B)ovarian cancer.
C)colon cancer.
D)breast and ovarian cancers.
E)A,B and C .

Question 39

Newborn infants are typically given an inoculation of _________ at birth,as their sterile colons do not yet have the bacteria to make this nutrient.

A)vitamin C
B)vitamin K
C)calcium
D)vitamin A
E)magnesium

Question 40

Calorie needs during pregnancy typically increase by approximately _______ calories during the first trimester,by _______ calories a day during the second trimester,and by ______calories during the third trimester.

A)0;340;450
B)0;450;450
C)300;350;350
D)450;450;450
E)300;300;300

Question 41

Plan a one-day menu for a 10-month-old toddler that includes 3 meals and 3 snacks.

Question 42

A new mom has four older sisters,all of whom have exclusively formula-fed their babies.What potential barriers to breastfeeding might this new mom experience,and how might she overcome them?

Question 43

After lactation is established,breast milk is referred to as __________ at the beginning of the feeding,and __________toward the end of the feeding.What is the difference between the two?

Question 44

Because of the potential risk associated with mercury poisoning,is it best for pregnant women to avoid fatty fish?

Question 45

Plan a one-day menu for a 10-month-old toddler that includes three meals and three snacks.

Question 46

Evaluate the expression "eating for two" as it relates to pregnancy.Is this a valid expression? Why or why not?

Question 47

Why is it more important to prevent iron deficiency with supplementation versus treating the deficiency after it has developed?

Question 48

What are two lifestyle changes mom can make to decrease the risk of delivering a small for gestational age infant?

Question 49

What is the term for a developing human after more than 10 weeks of pregnancy?

A)embryo
B)trimester
C)gestation
D)fetus
E)pregnancy

Question 50

What are two lifestyle changes mom can make to decrease the risk of delivering a small-for-gestational-age infant?

Question 51

After lactation is established,breast milk is referred to as __________ at the beginning of the feeding,and __________towards the end of the feeding.What is the difference between the two?

Question 52

The entire period from conception to birth is called

A)fetus.
B)gestation.
C)trimester.
D)embryo.
E)full term.

Question 53

List two recommendations regarding fish intake in pregnancy.

Question 54

List two recommendations regarding fish intake in pregnancy.