Question 1

Which of the following is the most frequently reported STD in the United States today?&#10;A) syphilis&#10;B) chlamydia&#10;C) AIDS&#10;D) gonorrhea

Accepted Answer

The rank order of the most commonly reported STDs in the United States is: chlamydia,gonorrhea,salmonellosis,AIDS,and syphilis.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true regarding infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2?&#10;A) Although the primary site of occurrence of HSV-1 is above the waist and of HSV-2 below the waist, each infection may occur at either site.&#10;B) HSV-1 can be differentiated from HSV-2 on the basis of skin lesions and other clinical manifestations.&#10;C) HSV-1 cannot be transmitted by sexual contact.&#10;D) HSV-2 is transmitted entirely by sexual contact.

Accepted Answer

Each infection may occur at either site and in fact can be inoculated from one site to the other.The two types of herpes cannot be differentiated on the basis of skin lesions and other clinical manifestations.HSV-1 trAnswermission usually occurs through close contact,such as touching or kissing,and trAnswerfer of infective saliva.HSV-1 also is trAnswermitted by sexual contact.HSV-2 is trAnswermitted predominantly by sexual contact but also may be passed nonsexually.

Question 3

Which of the following is a treponemal test for syphilis?&#10;A) Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test&#10;B) T. pallidum particle agglutination test (TP-PA)&#10;C) rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test&#10;D) automated reagin test (ART)

Accepted Answer

The fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA)test,fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS)test,and T.pallidum particle agglutination test (TP-PA)are examples of treponemal tests for syphilis.Treponemal tests are designed to detect the specific antibody produced against treponemes that cause syphilis,yaws,and pinta.These tests are more specific than reaginic tests but less sensitive.Nontreponemal tests produce titers that usually correlate with disease activity.

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)and the epidemiology of infectious mononucleosis?&#10;A) The number of sex partners does not influence the risk for acquisition of EBV.&#10;B) About 90% of college freshmen in the United States have evidence of previous EBV infection.&#10;C) The incidence of EBV has been reported as 30 times higher in whites than in blacks in the United States.&#10;D) EBV is much more prevalent among women than men.

Accepted Answer

Incidence has been reported as 30 times higher in whites than in blacks in the United States.Having numerous sexual partners increases the risk for acquisition of EBV.In the United States,about 50% of 5-year-old children and 70% of college freshmen have evidence of previous EBV infection.No gender predilection has been noted.

Question 5

Which of the following STDs is associated with the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?&#10;A) syphilis&#10;B) gonorrhea&#10;C) infectious mononucleosis&#10;D) genital herpes

Accepted Answer

The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is an acute febrile reaction that frequently is accompanied by chills,myalgias,hyperventilation,and headache that occur within 24 hours after initiation of therapy for syphilis.It occurs most often after treatment for early syphilis.

Question 6

Which of the following areas of the oral cavity is most commonly affected by oral gonorrhea?&#10;A) floor of the mouth&#10;B) buccal mucosa&#10;C) pharynx&#10;D) soft palate

Accepted Answer

Within the oral cavity,the pharynx is most commonly affected.Pharyngeal infection is reported to occur in 3% to 7% of heterosexual men,10% to 20% of heterosexual women,and 10% to 25% of homosexual men.It usually is seen as an asymptomatic infection with diffuse,nonspecific inflammation or as a mild sore throat.N.gonorrhoeae has been cultured in expectorated saliva from two-thirds of patients with oropharyngeal gonorrhea.

Question 7

What should be done in regard to routine dental treatment if a patient presents with symptoms of infectious mononucleosis?&#10;A) The patient should be treated utilizing standard precautions, just as any other patient.&#10;B) The patient should be placed on a course of antibiotics for one week and then treated.&#10;C) Treatment should be delayed for about 4 weeks until the patient has recovered.&#10;D) Treatment should be delayed until there is a negative result on serologic testing.

Accepted Answer

Routine dental treatment should be delayed for about 4 weeks,or until the patient's liver is capable of normal metabolism of drugs,and the blood count,spleen,and immune system have returned to normal.

Question 8

A chancre is associated with ______ syphilis.&#10;A) primary&#10;B) secondary&#10;C) tertiary&#10;D) latent

Accepted Answer

The classic manifestation of primary syphilis is the chancre,a solitary firm,round,granulomatous lesion that develops at the site of inoculation with the infectious organism.The chancre usually occurs within 2 to 3 weeks after exposure.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of the HPV vaccine Gardasil?&#10;A) It is approved for use in women but not men.&#10;B) It is used to treat genital warts but will not prevent infection with human papilloma virus types 6, 11, 16, and 18.&#10;C) It is most beneficial if administered before the onset of sexual activity.&#10;D) It has been shown to eliminate and cure HPV infection.

Accepted Answer

It is most beneficial if administered before the onset of sexual activity.Gardasil is offered to young men as well as to young women.Gardasil is 95% to 100% effective in preventing infection with HPV types 6,11,16,and 18.It has not been shown to eliminate or cure HPV infection and will not work against all HPV types.

Question 10

What is the estimated prevalence of genital herpes in the United States?&#10;A) 5%&#10;B) 15%&#10;C) 25%&#10;D) 35%

Accepted Answer

An estimated 50 million people,or more than 25% of persons 12 years of age and older,in the United States are infected with genital herpes.About 70% to 95% of first-episode cases of genital herpes are caused by HSV-2,whereas up to 30% in some series are caused by HSV-1.Percentage rates in women (25%)and in African AmericAnswer (46%)are reportedly higher than those in men (20%)and in whites (18%).

Question 11

Which of the following is the recommended treatment regimen for gonococcal pharyngitis?&#10;A) ceftriaxone 250 mg (intramuscularly [IM] in a single dose)&#10;B) oral cefixime 400 mg in a single dose&#10;C) IM cefixime 250 mg plus azithromycin 1 g single oral dose&#10;D) a single dose of injectable cephalosporin plus azithromycin 1 g orally

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the recommended...

Question 12

Which of the following is true of the syphilitic gumma?&#10;A) Gummas are nontender.&#10;B) Gummas are infectious.&#10;C) The oral gumma most commonly involves the tongue and palate.&#10;D) Gummas can occur during any stage of syphilis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true of...

Deck 13: Sexually Transmitted Diseases