Deck 14: Understanding Individual Behavior

Question 1

The tendency to ascribe unfairly characteristics or attributes to a particular group or individual is known as:

A)conscientiousness
B)Negativity
C)Stereotyping
D)Attributing

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Inducements are:

A)intentional behaviors and attitudes that differ from or violate the accepted social norms.
B)physiological and emotional reactions experienced by individuals to excessive pressures or demands at work
C)quantifiable efforts produced by an employee, based on role and responsibilities
D)formal or informal agreement intended to entice positive or desirable behaviors.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A leader with this type of personality type tends to be a perfectionist and expects perfection from others:

A)Machiavellian
B)Internal Locus of Control
C)Authoritarian
D)External Locus of Control

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Managers that practice the art of __________ are far more likely to obtain feedback from their employees, listen to other perspectives, encourage more open communication, and treat people fairly.

A)self-awareness
B)self-efficacy
C)moral courage
D)purposeful thinking

Question 5

Absenteeism, burnout, and low productivity are all consequences of:

A)candor.
B)self-efficacy.
C)stress.
D)extraversion.

Question 6

A leader who micro-manages by issuing commands to his/her subordinates and then watching them intently has which type of leadership style?

A)directive
B)transformational
C)transactional
D)Machiavellian

Question 7

The psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two or more conflicting cognitions (e.g., beliefs, attitudes, or items of knowledge) is known as:

A)Conflict
B)Affectivity
C)Cognitive Dissonance
D)Burnout

Question 8

Which of the following is the degree to which an employee is psychologically devoted to an organization or team?

A)commitment
B)confidence
C)self-awareness
D)dedication

Question 9

As defined in the chapter, quantifiable efforts produced by an employee, based on role and responsibilities, are known as:

A)work.
B)contributions.
C)duties.
D)tasks.

Question 10

Daniel Goleman is known for his work with:

A)Gallup Strengths Finder
B)GAS
C)Emotional intelligence
D)Type A&B personalities

Question 11

The Gallup Strengths Finder assessment identifies how many dominant themes of talent excellence for an individual?

A)Three
B)Five
C)Seven
D)Ten

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?

A)Neuroticism
B)Conscientiousness
C)Candor
D)Extraversion

Question 13

The capacity to recognize and appreciate emotional responses in one's self and others is known as:

A)Self-awareness
B)Emotional intelligence
C)Candor
D)Self-efficacy

Question 14

"The Why of Work: How Great Leaders Build Abundant Organizations That Win" discusses the six dimensions of abundance and was written by:

A)Martin Seligman
B)Warren Buffet
C)Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
D)Dave and Wendy Ulrich

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A)alarm
B)fear
C)resistance
D)exhaustion

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the personality trait of 'openness'?

A)able to have fun and experience elation and delight
B)thoughtfulness, organization, and responsibility in the pursuit of goals
C)outgoing, sociable, talkative
D)forgiving, kind, affectionate, and cooperative

Question 17

Lack of commitment, lack of trust, fear of confrontation or conflicting opinions, and a refusal to accept responsibility are all signs of:

A)dysfunctional behavior.
B)cognitive dissonance.
C)negative affectivity
D)None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following would be a motivational need for a highly extroverted individual?

A)Recognition for accomplishments
B)Private/personal recognition
C)Prestige/status
D)Both A&C
E)All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the 34 behavior dimensions listed in the Gallup Strengths Finder

A)Harmony
B)Inclusiveness
C)Fairness
D)Significance
E)All of the above are listed

Question 20

Taking a position against something or someone even though you know the outcome may be unpopular is an example of:

A)Joyful living
B)Moral courage
C)Candor
D)Confidence

Question 21

The conflict of deciding whether to go along with the status quo or speak your mind is an example of negative affectivity.

Question 22

When individuals focus on the positive and filter out the negative, or vice versa, it is known as selective perception.

Question 23

Challenging work is made up of both pleasureful and purposeful tasks.

Question 24

List three of the six dimensions of abundance.
1) _______________________
2) _______________________
3) _______________________

Question 25

Highly extroverted individuals tend to be enthusiastic and empathetic.

Question 26

A _____________________ is an informal expectation between an employee and an organization that determines quality and satisfaction.

Question 27

An individual's locus of control is internal, not external.

Question 28

The GAS model identifies five dominant themes of talent excellence from thirty-four behavioral dimensions.

Question 29

Anger, disgust, fear, and anxiety are all examples of positive affectivity.

Question 30

The core message of Positive Psychology is to develop and capitalize on skills in order to enhance work performance.

Question 31

Purposeful thinking involves trying to achieve a balance between work life and personal life, while continually striving for goals.

Question 32

Individuals with a high level of self-efficacy are more motivated to stand up for what they believe in.

Question 33

All deviant behavior is negative.

Question 34

Employees faced with a consistent level of stress may suffer from ________.

Question 35

Machiavellianism uses threat of punishment to achieve success.

Question 36

Inducements can be either formal or informal.

Question 37

According to the emotional intelligence theory, leaders who have insight into their own emotions and the feelings of others can inspire a greater degree of work.

Question 38

Moral courage is a component of self-efficacy.

Question 39

_______________ is a component of moral courage in which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task.

Question 40

The extent to which an individual relates to others by being trusting, forgiving, kind, affectionate, and cooperative is known as _____________.

Question 41

Discuss dysfunctional behavior in the workplace.What is it and what impact can it have? In particular, explain the concept of deviance.Is it always negative?

Question 42

Matching

-Attribution

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 43

Matching

-Candor

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 44

Matching

-Self-awareness

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 45

The three particular areas that managers focus on in relation to personality are __________________, _____________________, and _________________.

Question 46

Matching

-Type B Personality

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 47

The ability to devise innovative ideas to meet the needs of a particular task or organizational goal is __________.

Question 48

Matching

-Machiavellianism

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 49

Matching

-Self-efficacy

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 50

GAS, the physiological reactions to long-term stress, is an acronym for _________ __________ ___________.

Question 51

_________________ is the intentional behavior and attitudes that differ from the accepted social norms in an honorable way.

Question 52

List and briefly describe each of the Big Five personality traits.

Question 53

Matching

-Authoritarianism

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 54

___________ are agreements intended to entice positive or desirable behaviors.

Question 55

Matching

-Locus of Control

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 56

Matching

-Cognitive Dissonance

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes

Question 57

According to the chapter, the abbreviation for emotional intelligence is ____.

Question 58

Two signs of a dysfunctional employee are _________________ and ____________________.

Question 59

Explain the difference between positive and negative affectivity.

Question 60

Matching

-Type A Personality

A)the extent to which a person believes in their own competence regarding a process or task
B)a psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two attractive or negative options
C)punishment, power and legitimacy are required to produce superior results
D)the ability to simultaneously look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective principle-based judgment decisions
E)an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation
F)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive and aggressive
G)leader has little respect for his subordinates, tends to take credit for their ideas, and rules with fear
H)the ability to self-organize and cultivate relationships that are aligned with purposeful thinking
I)behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easy-going, and more sensitive to the feelings of others
J)the degree to which an individual or team believes it is in control of circumstances and outcomes