Question 1

A qualitative nursing research approach will be most suitable for which of the following research topics?&#10;A) Experiences of elder abuse among diverse ethnic populations&#10;B) Reduction of prehospital delay in the face of acute coronary syndrome symptoms&#10;C) Examining trajectories of depressive symptoms among young adults&#10;D) Perceived risk and willingness to interact with individuals with HIV or AIDS

Accepted Answer

A qualitative nursing research approach would be most suitable for exploring the experiences of elder abuse among diverse ethnic populations. This method allows for a deep understanding and exploration of participants' subjective experiences and perspectives. It involves techniques such as focus groups, interviews, and observation, which can help uncover complex and nuanced issues related to elder abuse and its impact on diverse populations. This method is less appropriate for topics such as reduction of prehospital delay, which are more amenable to quantifiable measures and statistical analyses.

Question 2

Metasynthesis involves:&#10;A) developing typologies as results of qualitative investigations.&#10;B) different hierarchies of evidence as compared with quantitative studies.&#10;C) interpreting various qualitative studies to reveal similarities and differences.&#10;D) a systematic review of the literature involving classic and recent studies.

Accepted Answer

Metasynthesis involves interpreting and synthesizing various qualitative studies to reveal similarities and differences. This can include analyzing and comparing themes, concepts, and findings from multiple studies to gain a broader understanding of a particular topic. Unlike quantitative studies, metasynthesis does not involve hierarchies of evidence or developing typologies as specific results. It is also not limited to classic or recent studies, but rather involves a comprehensive review of relevant literature.

Question 3

Which of the following factors in a research report indicates that the study used a qualitative design?&#10;A) Hypotheses are stated.&#10;B) The sample is described as convenient.&#10;C) Study participants are described as informants.&#10;D) Participants were asked to complete a forced-choice questionnaire to measure their understanding of the topic.

Accepted Answer

Describing participants as "informants" is often associated with qualitative research, as it suggests that the focus of the study was on gathering perspectives and insights from individuals rather than testing specific hypotheses or collecting numerical data through surveys or questionnaires. Option A indicates a quantitative design, as hypotheses are a key component of that approach. Option B describes a sampling strategy, but does not necessarily indicate whether the study was qualitative or quantitative, as both types of research can use convenient samples. Option D describes a method of data collection, but it is typically associated with a quantitative approach rather than a qualitative one.

Question 4

By what process does the nurse researcher set aside personal biases in order to avoid leading the participant to issues that may be important to the researcher?&#10;A) Inference&#10;B) Avoidance&#10;C) Bracketing&#10;D) Restructuring

Accepted Answer

Bracketing is a process by which the nurse researcher consciously sets aside personal biases and assumptions in order to avoid leading the participant to issues that may be important to the researcher. This allows the researcher to approach the research topic with an open mind and reduce the potential for bias in the results.

Question 5

What should be the determining factor for a researcher to conduct a qualitative study?&#10;A) The need to test a theory&#10;B) The nature of the research question&#10;C) The age and gender of the study participants&#10;D) The availability of valid instruments to measure the phenomenon

Accepted Answer

The nature of the research question should be the determining factor for a researcher to conduct a qualitative study. Qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding complex phenomena associated with human behavior, experiences, and interactions. Therefore, the research question should be open-ended, non-restrictive, and exploratory, which can be best answered through qualitative inquiry. Testing a theory, age and gender of participants, and availability of valid instruments are all important factors but not the determining factor for conducting a qualitative study.

Question 6

Which of the following distinctions is characteristic of qualitative research methods?&#10;A) Data are in text form.&#10;B) Data are dichotomous (either yes or no).&#10;C) Qualitative research does not generate data.&#10;D) Data from qualitative studies are inappropriate for analysis.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research methods typically involve collecting and analyzing data in the form of text, such as transcripts of interviews or observations. This distinguishes them from quantitative methods that often involve numerical or dichotomous data. The other answer choices are incorrect - qualitative research does generate data, and the data from qualitative studies can be analyzed effectively.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is consistent only with qualitative research methods?&#10;A) The focus of qualitative research is measuring one or more human characteristics.&#10;B) Qualitative research methods attempt to control or eliminate variables that interfere with what is being studied.&#10;C) The basis for all qualitative interactions is the belief that a human being is a composite of many body systems.&#10;D) The focus of qualitative research methods is the study of human experiences that occur within a person's natural setting.

Accepted Answer

The focus of qualitative research methods is to understand and analyze human experiences within their natural setting, rather than measuring specific human characteristics. Qualitative research does not attempt to control or eliminate variables, and while it may acknowledge the complexity of the human body, it does not necessarily focus on it as the basis for interactions.

Question 8

Which of the following study purposes and methodological procedures is inappropriate for qualitative methods?&#10;A) Testing of a new hypothesis&#10;B) Using an intensive approach to data collection&#10;C) Using inductive analysis with the captured data&#10;D) Examining individual responses to a nonmodifiable situation

Accepted Answer

Testing a new hypothesis is typically associated with quantitative research methods, which are based on deductive reasoning and statistical analysis. Qualitative research, on the other hand, is characterized by an exploratory, inductive approach to data collection that allows for the generation of new hypotheses and theories based on patterns observed in the data.

Question 9

How should the number of participants be determined for a qualitative study that uses a grounded theory approach?&#10;A) Data are collected from new participants until no new information is generated.&#10;B) The number of participants needed is equal to the number available at a specific location.&#10;C) The number of participants needed is equal to the number available within the researcher's specified time frame.&#10;D) The number of participants needed is determined through a power analysis of data generated in a pilot study of similar subjects.

Accepted Answer

In grounded theory approach, the number of participants should be determined by collecting data from new participants until no new information is generated. This is known as theoretical saturation, where data collection is continued until redundancy is achieved, and no new themes or categories are emerging from the data. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Option B and C are incorrect because the number of participants should not be determined by their availability at a particular location or a researcher's time frame. Option D is not applicable for qualitative studies using grounded theory approach as power analysis is not used to determine the sample size in such studies.

Question 10

The term triangulation refers to:&#10;A) a mathematical technique.&#10;B) combining different methods, theories, data sources, or investigators.&#10;C) information collected becoming repetitive.&#10;D) possible applications of the results of qualitative studies.

Accepted Answer

Triangulation involves combining different methods, theories, data sources, or investigators to provide a more comprehensive and valid understanding of a phenomenon. While it may involve mathematical techniques in certain cases, the primary meaning of triangulation in research refers to the use of multiple approaches to enhance the credibility and reliability of findings. Options A, C, and D are either too narrow or not directly related to the definition of triangulation.

Question 11

What basic belief is represented when a nurse asks a 38-year-old woman,&#34;When was your last menstrual period?&#34; and the patient replies,&#34;Oh,I don't remember because it isn't important&#34;?&#10;A) A failure of communication&#10;B) A difference between the received view and the perceived view&#10;C) Cultural insensitivity on the part of the nurse and the health care system&#10;D) Lack of awareness and knowledge on the part of the patient

Accepted Answer

The answer of What basic belief is represented when a...

Question 12

Which of the following aims of research is characteristic or appropriate for qualitative research methods?&#10;A) Control&#10;B) Prediction&#10;C) Explanation&#10;D) Understanding

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following aims of research...

Question 13

Which of the following statements forms an assumption of contemporary empiricism?&#10;A) The philosophy underlying the research is explicit.&#10;B) Human responses to health and illness can be measured.&#10;C) Inductive analysis is most useful in determining the significance of study outcomes.&#10;D) The outcomes must provide sufficient evidence to prove the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements forms an...

Question 14

Which part of the following research question constitutes its context?
"What is the grief experience of women over 30 from rural Saskatchewan who have experienced a late-stage pregnancy loss?"

A) Late-stage pregnancy loss
B) Women over 30
C) Grief experience
D) Saskatchewan

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which part of the following research question...

Question 15

How are values managed in qualitative research studies compared with quantitative research studies?&#10;A) In both types of studies, the goal is to separate values from the research process.&#10;B) In quantitative studies, the values of the researcher are considered study variables.&#10;C) In qualitative studies, the values of the participant are considered an outcome of the study.&#10;D) Although values are acknowledged by both types of research, the quantitative approach uses statistical methods to remove or minimize the impact of values.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are values managed in qualitative research...

Question 16

In which of the following instances should a qualitative research design be used instead of a quantitative research design?&#10;A) When time for data collection is limited&#10;B) When the research questions are clinical in nature&#10;C) When the goal is to view the experience in the same way as those who are having the experience view it&#10;D) When the researcher is a novice and has minimal experience or skill in scientific problem solving

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of the following instances should...

Deck 7: Introduction to Qualitative Research