Deck 27: Mnt for Food Allergy and Food Intolerance

Question 1

If an infant is allergic to cow's milk, how should goat's milk be used?

A)As a food source for the first 6 months of life
B)As a food source for the first year of life
C)Not used as food because of potential cross-reactivity
D)Not used as food because it is too low in fat

Answer 1

C
Goat's milk should not be used during the first year of life because of a potential cross-reactivity with beta-lactoglobulin in cow's milk.Also, goat's milk is low in folic acid and has a high renal load.Goat's milk needs to be supplemented with iron; folacin; and vitamins A, C, and D.It needs to be diluted to three-quarter strength, and carbohydrate has to be added to reduce the renal solute load.

Question 2

Infants with a genetic predisposition to atopic disease have an increased probability of developing food allergies.Which of the following may help reduce the likelihood of the infant developing food allergies?

A)Provide only breast milk to the infant for the first 6 months.
B)Provide only breast milk and cereal for the first 6 months.
C)Provide cereal between breast milk feedings.
D)Provide diluted cereal and formula for the first 6 months.

Answer 2

A
If they receive breast milk exclusively for the first 6 months of life and their exposure to known food allergens is limited, infants have a greater probability of completing the first year of life without developing a food allergy.Continued avoidance of common food allergens for the first 2 to 3 years of age will reduce the chances of developing any food allergies.

Question 3

Which diagnostic methods for determining food allergy by immunologic function are the most accurate?

A)Skin-prick test, ELISA, and RAST
B)Cytotoxic testing and ELISA
C)Sublingual testing, RAST, and skin-prick test
D)ELISA, RAST, and CAP-FEIA

Answer 3

D
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioallergosorbent test, and cap-fluorescein-enzyme immunoassay are blood assays for determining levels of allergen.CAP-FEIA is considered to have 96%-100% accuracy for milk, fish, peanut, egg, and wheat allergies and 86% accuracy for soy allergies.Skin-prick tests are used for screening and need to be followed up by additional tests.Cytotoxic testing and sublingual testing are considered to be unreliable diagnostic tests.

Question 4

Which food is the most common cause of near-fatal and fatal anaphylactic reactions?

A)Nuts
B)Shellfish
C)Egg
D)Wheat

Question 5

What are the most common antibodies involved in food allergy?

A)IgG
B)IgM
C)T cells
D)IgE

Question 6

The most common food allergy found among infants is

A)cereal allergy.
B)cow's milk allergy.
C)fruit allergy.
D)vegetable protein allergy.

Question 7

A patient who has a food allergy to shrimp would be considered at what level of nutritional risk in allergy management?

A)No nutritional risk
B)Low nutritional risk
C)Moderate nutritional risk
D)High nutritional risk

Question 8

In what types of foods are the most common food allergens found?

A)High-simple-carbohydrate foods
B)High-protein animal foods
C)High-protein plant or marine foods
D)High-saturated fat foods

Question 9

_________ are antigenic determinants on the surface of food proteins that are recognized by the immune system.

A)Cytokines
B)Conformational epitope
C)Mast cells
D)Haptens

Question 10

What symptoms are likely to occur in the person with a perceived intolerance to monosodium glutamate (MSG)?

A)Decreased heart rate, constipation, and hives
B)Headache, flushing, abdominal pain, and nausea
C)Steatorrhea, edema, proteinuria, and nausea
D)Anaphylaxis, toxic shock syndrome, and headache

Question 11

Within what frame of time is the onset of symptoms related to a food allergy most likely to occur?

A)Within 2 hours
B)Within 2 to 14 hours
C)More than 24 hours
D)More than 48 hours

Question 12

Which of the following methods is effective for diagnosis when symptoms are subjective or when multiple food allergies are suspected?

A)Open food challenge
B)Single-blind food challenge
C)Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge
D)Elimination diet

Question 13

In people who develop food allergies after 2 years of age, what is the most common means of initial food allergen exposure?

A)Maternal consumption during fetal development
B)Antigen exposure in breast milk
C)Inhalant exposure to antigen
D)Ingestion of food antigen

Question 14

Which age group is most likely to develop food hypersensitivity?

A)0 to 2 years of age
B)3 to 12 years of age
C)Adolescents
D)Elderly

Question 15

A child develops gastrointestinal symptoms after drinking fruit juice.This is an example of what type of condition?

A)Food allergy
B)Food aversion
C)Food hypersensitivity
D)Food intolerance

Question 16

Food allergies that are most likely to resolve with age are those that first manifest during the first _____ of life.

A)year
B)3 years
C)10 years
D)15 years

Question 17

Which food has one of the most frequent cross-reactivity allergies between latex and food?

A)Milk
B)Wheat
C)Banana
D)Fish

Question 18

The first diagnostic tool to use in diagnosing food allergy is

A)A detailed clinical history
B)Biochemical tests
C)Immunologic tests
D)Oral food challenge

Question 19

What might happen if allergenic foods are limited or avoided during infancy?

A)May reduce the prevalence of allergy during the first year of life
B)May lead to malnutrition
C)May result in eliminating all commercial infant formulas from the infant's diet
D)May prevent allergy after the first year of life

Question 20

The term that refers to an adverse reaction to food that is caused by a nonimmunologic mechanism is

A)food allergy.
B)allergic reaction.
C)food intolerance.
D)food sensitivity.