Deck 4: The Tissue Level of Organization

Question 1

Functions of epithelia include all of the following,except

A)providing physical protection.
B)controlling permeability.
C)absorption.
D)producing specialized secretions.
E)supporting muscle cells.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n)

A)occluding junction.
B)gap junction.
C)intermediate junction.
D)desmosome.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except

A)attachment.
B)avascularity.
C)regeneration.
D)polarity.
E)extracellular matrix.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is

A)epithelial tissue.
B)connective tissue.
C)muscle tissue.
D)basal tissue.
E)apical tissue.

Question 5

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as

A)neuroepithelia.
B)psychoepithelia.
C)neuropsychoepithelia.
D)multilaminar epithelia.
E)protective epithelia.

Question 6

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.

A)muscle
B)neural
C)epithelial
D)connective
E)adipose

Question 7

A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the

A)integral proteins.
B)lamina lucida.
C)matrix.
D)lamina densa.
E)ground substance.

Question 8

Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?

A)muscle tissue
B)neural tissue
C)osseous tissue
D)connective tissue
E)epithelial tissue

Question 9

Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments.Such strong intercellular connections are called

A)gap junctions.
B)intermediate junctions.
C)tight junctions.
D)desmosomes.
E)junctional complexes.

Question 10

The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the

A)desmosome.
B)hemidesmosome.
C)gap junction.
D)tight junction.
E)zonula adherens.

Question 11

Germinative cells

A)start in the superficial layers of epithelial tissue.
B)cannot divide.
C)make up most of the epithelial type of tissue.
D)divide continually to produce new epithelial cells.
E)cannot function in the repair of epithelial tissue.

Question 12

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the

A)trachea.
B)urinary bladder.
C)secretory portions of the pancreas.
D)surface of the skin.
E)stomach.

Question 13

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces,which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?

A)tight junctions
B)basolateral junctions
C)gap junctions
D)hemidesmosomes
E)desmosomes

Question 14

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

A)contraction.
B)conduction.
C)secretion.
D)circulation.
E)support.

Question 15

Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ.This tissue is a type of

A)epithelium.
B)muscle tissue.
C)connective tissue.
D)neural tissue.
E)fat tissue.

Question 16

Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach?

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)simple columnar epithelium
D)pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E)stratified squamous epithelium

Question 17

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface.

A)mitochondria
B)cilia
C)microvilli
D)junctional complexes
E)Golgi complexes

Question 18

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by

A)keratin.
B)interfacial canals.
C)a basal lamina.
D)a reticular lamina.
E)proteoglycan.

Question 19

Transitional epithelium is found

A)lining the urinary bladder.
B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C)lining kidney tubules.
D)lining the stomach.
E)at the surface of the skin.

Question 20

The heart and blood vessels are lined by

A)pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
B)transitional epithelium.
C)simple cuboidal epithelium.
D)simple columnar epithelium.
E)simple squamous epithelium.

Question 21

Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the

A)kidneys.
B)heart and blood vessels.
C)urinary bladder.
D)mouth.
E)large intestine.

Question 22

A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called

A)simple tubular.
B)simple alveolar.
C)compound tubular.
D)compound alveolar.
E)tubuloalveolar.

Question 23

The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes

A)histology.
B)physiology.
C)anatomy.
D)embryology.
E)exfoliative cytology.

Question 24

Blood is which type of tissue?

A)mesenchyme
B)nerve
C)epithelial
D)muscle
E)connective

Question 25

Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are

A)endocrine glands.
B)interstitial glands.
C)exocrine glands.
D)merocrine glands.
E)holocrine glands.

Question 26

The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as

A)simple squamous.
B)stratified squamous.
C)simple cuboidal.
D)stratified cuboidal.
E)transitional.

Question 27

Which cell produces the protein fibers in areolar connective tissue?

A)squamous cell
B)adipocyte
C)fibroblast
D)chondroblast
E)chondrocyte

Question 28

Cells that are specialized for secretion

A)have a free surface that is flat.
B)have a small nucleus.
C)are usually squamous.
D)exhibit polarity.
E)are found only in the digestive system.

Question 29

Glands that secrete their product by the bursting of cells are

A)apocrine glands.
B)sudoriferous glands.
C)holocrine glands.
D)endocrine glands.
E)merocrine glands.

Question 30

Which of the following tissues are classified as "connective tissue proper"? 1. areolar connective tissue
2) adipose tissue
3) fibrocartilage
4) dense irregular connective tissue

A)3 and 4
B)1,2,and 3
C)1 and 2
D)1,2,and 4
E)1 and 3

Question 31

Secretions through a duct might provide ________,whereas ductless secretions act as ________.

A)lubrication; lubricators
B)enzymes; hormones
C)transport media; physical protectors
D)superficial relief; interstitial fluid
E)odors; alarms

Question 32

The two major types of cell layering in epithelia are

A)simple and proper.
B)stratified and pseudostratified.
C)squamous and simple.
D)simple and stratified.
E)cuboidal and columnar.

Question 33

Cells that are flat and thin are classified as

A)columnar.
B)squamous.
C)blasts.
D)transitional.
E)cuboidal.

Question 34

Watery perspiration is an example of a(n)________ secretion.

A)merocrine
B)apocrine
C)holocrine
D)serous
E)mucous

Question 35

The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces,often for diagnostic purposes,is termed

A)histology.
B)physiology.
C)anatomy.
D)embryology.
E)exfoliative cytology.

Question 36

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete

A)milk.
B)sweat.
C)mucus.
D)sebum.
E)insulin.

Question 37

The epithelium that forms air sacs in the lungs is

A)stratified squamous epithelium.
B)simple cuboidal epithelium.
C)simple squamous epithelium.
D)transitional epithelium.
E)simple columnar epithelium.

Question 38

The function of simple cuboidal epithelium is

A)support.
B)protection.
C)phagocytosis.
D)absorption and secretion.
E)storage.

Question 39

The pancreas produces ________ secretions.

A)serous
B)mucous
C)merocrine
D)exocrine and endocrine
E)secretory

Question 40

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?

A)They afford little mechanical protection.
B)They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.
C)They line internal compartments and passageways.
D)They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
E)They are avascular.

Question 41

The three categories of connective tissues are

A)connective tissue proper,fluid connective tissues,and supporting connective tissues.
B)epithelial,muscle,and neural tissues.
C)glandular,exocrine,and endocrine.
D)connective tissue proper, cartilages,and bone.
E)areolar,adipose,and dense tissues.

Question 42

The most common type of cartilage is ________ cartilage.

A)ligamentous
B)hyaline
C)elastic
D)fibrous
E)osseous

Question 43

________ attach skeletal muscles to bones,and ________ connect one bone to another.

A)Ligaments; tendons
B)Ligaments; aponeuroses
C)Tendons; ligaments
D)Aponeuroses; tendons
E)Reticular tissues; tendons

Question 44

The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are

A)tendons,ligaments,and elastic ligaments.
B)loose,dense,and irregular.
C)cartilage,bone,and collagen.
D)collagen,reticular,and elastic.
E)polar,cellular,and permeable.

Question 45

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue,except

A)tendons.
B)ligaments.
C)aponeuroses.
D)areolar tissue.
E)elastic tissue.

Question 46

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen,liver,and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue.

A)loose connective
B)regular dense connective
C)irregular dense connective
D)reticular connective
E)adipose

Question 47

The sticky material between cells of areolar connective tissue is called the

A)cytosol.
B)ground substance.
C)cytoplasm.
D)crista.
E)gel matrix.

Question 48

Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways,except

A)provide strong connections between muscles and bones.
B)supporting epithelia.
C)anchoring blood vessels and nerves.
D)storing triacylglycerols.
E)filling spaces between organs.

Question 49

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen?

A)adipocytes
B)fibroblasts
C)macrophage
D)mast cell
E)lymphocyte

Question 50

What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood?

A)erythrocyte
B)leukocyte
C)platelet
D)monocyte
E)phagocyte

Question 51

Two types of microphages include

A)mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.
B)mast cells and basophils.
C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
D)neutrophils and eosinophils.
E)microphages and adipocytes.

Question 52

Antibodies are produced by

A)macrophages.
B)microphages.
C)plasmocytes.
D)mast cells.
E)fibroblasts.

Question 53

Cells that store fat are called

A)cellulocytes.
B)macrocytes.
C)adipocytes.
D)podocytes.
E)melanocytes.

Question 54

Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are

A)fibroblasts.
B)macrophages.
C)adipocytes.
D)mast cells.
E)melanocytes.

Question 55

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are

A)tendons.
B)ligaments.
C)dense irregular connective tissues.
D)reticular tissues.
E)areolar tissue.

Question 56

Two classes of macrophages include

A)mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.
B)mast cells and basophils.
C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
D)neutrophils and eosinophils.
E)microphages and adipocytes.

Question 57

White fat is found in ________,while brown fat is found in ________.

A)adults; infants
B)infants; adults
C)adolescents; adults
D)men; women
E)women; men

Question 58

Wharton's jelly is a form of

A)Marfan's syndrome.
B)mucous connective tissue.
C)ground substance.
D)collagen fibers.
E)embryonic epithelium.

Question 59

The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is

A)collagen.
B)elastin.
C)actin.
D)myosin.
E)connectin.

Question 60

Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are

A)mast cells.
B)fibroblasts.
C)plasmocytes.
D)mesenchymal stem cells.
E)lymphocytes.

Question 61

Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous

A)perichondrium.
B)lacunae.
C)periosteum.
D)canaliculi.
E)matrix.

Question 62

The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle.

A)skeletal
B)cardiac
C)smooth
D)voluntary
E)multinucleated

Question 63

Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of

A)smooth muscle tissue.
B)cardiac muscle tissue.
C)skeletal muscle tissue.
D)all types of muscle tissue.
E)nerve tissue.

Question 64

Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body?

A)mucous
B)serous
C)cutaneous
D)synovial
E)pleural

Question 65

Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers.This tissue would most likely have come from the

A)inner wall of a blood vessel.
B)lungs.
C)spleen.
D)superficial fascia between skin and muscle.
E)bony socket of the eye.

Question 66

Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue.

A)loose connective
B)dense connective
C)epithelial
D)nerve
E)muscle

Question 67

Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue?

A)fluid connective tissue
B)dense connective tissue
C)supporting connective tissue
D)loose connective tissue
E)adipose tissue

Question 68

Osseous tissue is also called

A)cartilage.
B)fat.
C)cellulite.
D)bone.
E)ligament.

Question 69

Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of

A)epithelial tissue.
B)cartilage.
C)areolar tissue.
D)elastic connective tissue.
E)adipose tissue.

Question 70

The framework of connective tissue between the skin and underlying muscles is called the

A)dermis.
B)superficial fascia.
C)deep fascia.
D)subcutaneous layer.
E)subserous fascia.

Question 71

Unlike cartilage,bone

A)is a connective tissue.
B)has a matrix that contains collagen.
C)is highly vascular.
D)has an outer covering.
E)has cells within lacunae.

Question 72

The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of

A)cutaneous membranes.
B)mucous membranes.
C)serous membranes.
D)synovial membranes.
E)the lamina propria.

Question 73

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to

A)blood.
B)epithelium.
C)fat.
D)bone.
E)neural tissue.

Question 74

A tissue with a gel matrix and cells inside lacunae is

A)areolar connective tissue.
B)cartilage.
C)bone.
D)epithelium.
E)dense regular connective tissue.

Question 75

Which type of connective tissue is found in the trachea and between the ribs and sternum?

A)areolar
B)hyaline cartilage
C)elastic
D)fibrous
E)dense regular

Question 76

Myosatellite cells are found in association with

A)skeletal muscle.
B)smooth muscle.
C)cardiac muscle.
D)involuntary muscle.
E)both smooth and cardiac muscle.

Question 77

Adhesions between abdominopelvic organs occur when

A)serous membranes are damaged.
B)synovial membranes are damaged.
C)muscle is damaged.
D)nerve cells are damaged.
E)mucous membranes are damaged.

Question 78

Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon?

A)superficial fascia
B)hypodermis
C)deep fascia
D)subserous fascia
E)subcutaneous layer

Question 79

Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue.

A)connective
B)neural
C)areolar
D)osseous
E)epithelial

Question 80

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the

A)pleura.
B)peritoneum.
C)pericardium.
D)periosteum.
E)perichondrium.