Deck 14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)midbrain.
D)thalamus.
E)cerebellum.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum,the functions of each successive level become

A)more complex.
B)simpler.
C)better understood.
D)more crucial to visceral functions.
E)critical to reflexes.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

A)aqueduct of Sylvius.
B)cerebral aqueduct.
C)aqueduct of midbrain.
D)interventricular foramen.
E)medulla oblongata.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.

A)larger
B)smaller
C)the same size
D)very smooth
E)more convoluted

Question 5

The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the

A)falx cerebri.
B)septum pellucidum.
C)septum insula.
D)interventricular foramina.
E)cerebral aqueduct.

Question 6

The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the

A)first.
B)second.
C)third.
D)fourth.
E)lateral.

Question 7

The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the

A)central canal.
B)tentorium cerebelli.
C)cerebral aqueduct.
D)interventricular foramina.
E)pontine canal.

Question 8

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure,heart rate,and digestion are located in the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)mesencephalon.
D)diencephalon.
E)cerebellum.

Question 9

The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.

A)15 percent
B)25 percent
C)68 percent
D)97 percent
E)35 percent

Question 10

The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the

A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)brain stem.
D)mesencephalon.
E)myelencephalon.

Question 11

Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.

A)epididymal
B)ependymal
C)appended
D)astrocytes
E)blood

Question 12

Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem?

A)medulla oblongata
B)pons
C)mesencephalon
D)diencephalon
E)cerebellum

Question 13

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?

A)pia mater
B)arachnoid
C)dura mater
D)cranial plexus
E)choroid plexus

Question 14

The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)mesencephalon.
D)diencephalon.
E)thalamus.

Question 15

During embryonic development,which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?

A)telencephalon
B)diencephalon
C)mesencephalon
D)metencephalon
E)myelencephalon

Question 16

A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

A)cerebrum.
B)pons.
C)thalamus.
D)midbrain.
E)pons.

Question 17

The cerebellum and pons develop from the

A)telencephalon.
B)diencephalon.
C)mesencephalon.
D)metencephalon.
E)myelencephalon.

Question 18

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

A)cerebrum
B)diencephalon
C)prosencephalon
D)midbrain
E)pons

Question 19

The dural sinuses are located in the

A)paranasal cavity.
B)arachnoid.
C)pia mater.
D)dural folds.
E)tentorium cerebelli.

Question 20

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

A)cerebellum
B)medulla oblongata
C)cerebrum
D)pons
E)hypothalamus

Question 21

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the

A)jugular veins.
B)dural drain.
C)arachnoid granulations.
D)tentorium cerebelli.
E)frontal sinus.

Question 22

Hydrocephalus or "water on the brain" may result from

A)deficient production of cerebrospinal fluid.
B)excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid.
C)blockage of circulation of CSF.
D)excessive water intake.
E)blockage of CSF circulation or excessive CSF production.

Question 23

The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the

A)dural sinus.
B)falx cerebri.
C)tentorium cerebelli.
D)falx cerebelli.
E)choroid plexus.

Question 24

The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the

A)blastocytes.
B)astrocytes.
C)monocytes.
D)leukocytes.
E)lymphocytes.

Question 25

As CSF circulates,________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma.

A)osmosis
B)perfusion
C)diffusion
D)convection
E)conduction

Question 26

Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier?

A)The capillary endothelial cells are interconnected by tight junctions.
B)It is generally permeable to lipid-soluble compounds.
C)Astrocytes surround the CNS capillaries.
D)It is absent in portions of the hypothalamus.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 27

Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier?

A)tetracycline
B)doxycycline
C)sulfadiazine
D)periostat
E)Actisite

Question 28

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "4."

A)cerebral aqueduct
B)lateral ventricle
C)lateral aperture
D)subarachnoid space
E)choroid plexus

Question 29

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "1."

A)choroid plexus
B)cerebral aqueduct
C)third ventricle
D)subarachnoid space
E)corpus callosum

Question 30

The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the

A)pia mater.
B)dura mater.
C)arachnoid membrane.
D)neural cortex.
E)subarachnoid mater.

Question 31

Ependymal cells work to

A)surround the capillaries of the choroid plexus.
B)secrete CSF into the ventricles.
C)remove waste products from CSF.
D)adjust the composition of CSF.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 32

The brain requires a substantial blood supply.The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the

A)external carotid arteries.
B)facial arteries.
C)jugular veins.
D)internal carotid and vertebral arteries.
E)dural sinuses.

Question 33

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the

A)interventricular foramina.
B)aqueduct of Sylvius.
C)dural sinus.
D)lateral and median apertures.
E)falx cerebri.

Question 34

Cerebrospinal fluid

A)is secreted by ependymal cells.
B)is formed by a passive process.
C)is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed.
D)has almost the same composition as blood plasma.
E)contains blood cells and blood plasma.

Question 35

What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?

A)subdural space
B)dural sinus
C)falx cerebri
D)subarachnoid space
E)pia mater

Question 36

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

A)provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues
B)provides buoyant support for the brain
C)acts as a transport medium for nutrients
D)provides ATP for impulse transmission
E)acts as a transport medium for waste products

Question 37

Which of the following help to protect the brain?

A)the blood-brain barrier
B)the bones of the skull
C)the cranial meninges
D)the CSF
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 38

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "3."

A)arbor vitae
B)corpora quadrigemina
C)aqueduct of midbrain
D)pons
E)diencephalon

Question 39

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?

A)cerebrospinal fluid
B)neurotransmitters
C)white matter
D)hormones
E)red blood cells

Question 40

The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about

A)500 mL/day.
B)250 mL/day.
C)50 mL/day.
D)1000 mL/day.
E)150 mL/day.

Question 41

The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus

A)are in the medulla and relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus.
B)are in the pons and relay autonomic information from the hypothalamus.
C)pass motor information to the cerebellum.
D)are sensory gyri in the cerebral cortex.
E)are white tracts in the brain stem.

Question 42

Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the

A)tegmenta.
B)corpora quadrigemina.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 43

The presence of many large,highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the

A)pons.
B)medulla.
C)cerebral cortex.
D)cerebellar cortex.
E)arbor vitae.

Question 44

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "8."

A)pia mater
B)dura mater
C)corpus callosum
D)ventricles
E)arachnoid granulation

Question 45

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the

A)cerebrum.
B)cerebellum.
C)diencephalon.
D)medulla oblongata.
E)heart.

Question 46

The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the

A)substantia nigra.
B)red nuclei.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 47

The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol.The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as

A)ataxia.
B)aphasia.
C)dysphagia.
D)Parkinson's.
E)epilepsy.

Question 48

The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in

A)the pons.
B)the cerebrum.
C)the medulla oblongata.
D)the cerebellum.
E)the midbrain.

Question 49

The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the

A)flocculonodular lobe.
B)arbor vitae.
C)folia.
D)vermis.
E)pyramid.

Question 50

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "7."

A)dura mater
B)lateral ventricle
C)fourth ventricle
D)subarachnoid space
E)filum terminale

Question 51

The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the

A)cerebrum.
B)mesencephalon.
C)cerebellum.
D)medulla oblongata.
E)spinal cord.

Question 52

Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the

A)cerebrum.
B)mesencephalon.
C)cerebellum.
D)pons.
E)medulla oblongata.

Question 53

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

A)flocculonodular lobe.
B)arbor vitae.
C)folia.
D)vermis.
E)pyramid.

Question 54

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "6."

A)choroid plexus
B)fourth ventricle
C)lateral ventricle
D)cerebral aqueduct
E)subarachnoid space

Question 55

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in

A)increased consciousness.
B)sleep.
C)coma.
D)decreased cerebral function.
E)coughing.

Question 56

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "9."

A)dura mater
B)superior sagittal sinus
C)lateral ventricle
D)subarachnoid space
E)arachnoid granulation

Question 57

The medulla oblongata regulates

A)somatic motor contractions.
B)food intake.
C)auditory reflexes.
D)vision and hearing
E)blood pressure and respiration.

Question 58

Figure 14-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "10."

A)arbor vitae
B)central canal
C)corpus callosum
D)pons
E)diencephalon

Question 59

The regions of the mesencephalon that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the

A)tecta.
B)red nuclei.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 60

The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the

A)superior cerebellar peduncle.
B)inferior cerebellar peduncle.
C)middle cerebellar peduncle.
D)longitudinal fibers.
E)obverse fibers.

Question 61

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

A)secrete cerebrospinal fluid
B)secrete melatonin
C)process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
D)store memories
E)regulate food intake

Question 62

The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the mesencephalon.Which nuclei accomplish this?

A)substantia nigra
B)red nuclei
C)tectum
D)superior colliculi
E)inferior colliculi

Question 63

Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with

A)control of autonomic function.
B)regulation of body temperature.
C)visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
D)conscious control of skeletal muscles.
E)control of breathing.

Question 64

Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger.Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders.In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?

A)prefrontal cortex
B)postcentral gyrus
C)basal nuclei
D)hypothalamus
E)reticular formation

Question 65

Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?

A)an intense thirst
B)an uncontrolled sex drive
C)reduced ability to regulate body temperature
D)an insatiable appetite
E)production of a large volume of urine

Question 66

The medial nuclei of the thalamus

A)are part of the limbic system.
B)connect emotional centers in the hypothalamus with the frontal lobe.
C)produce the hormone oxytocin.
D)process visual information.
E)process olfactory information.

Question 67

Which of the following is (are)true of the epithalamus?

A)contains the mamillary body
B)forms the roof of the diencephalon
C)processes sensory information and relays it to the cerebrum
D)forms the cerebrum
E)creates the lateral ventricles

Question 68

The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex.

A)cerebrum
B)thalamus
C)pons
D)medulla oblongata
E)cerebellum

Question 69

Damage to the superior colliculi would interfere with the reflex ability to

A)express rage.
B)voluntarily move the arm.
C)react to a bright light.
D)react to loud noises.
E)maintain proper posture.

Question 70

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

A)produces ADH
B)controls autonomic centers
C)regulates body temperature
D)secretes oxytocin
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 71

The anterior nuclei of the thalamus

A)are part of the limbic system.
B)secrete pituitary hormones.
C)secrete melatonin.
D)receive axon collaterals from the optic nerve.
E)secrete pituitary hormones and melatonin.

Question 72

Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies?

A)control reflex eating movements
B)process olfactory information
C)located in posterior hypothalamus
D)shaped like little breasts
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 73

The ________ relay auditory information to the auditory cortex.

A)pulvinar
B)lateral geniculates
C)medial geniculates
D)supraoptic nuclei
E)paraventricular nuclei

Question 74

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include(s)the

A)basal nuclei.
B)lateral and medial geniculate nuclei.
C)mamillary body.
D)interthalamic adhesion.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 75

The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the

A)substantia nigra.
B)red nuclei.
C)superior and inferior colliculi.
D)cerebral peduncles.
E)basal ganglia.

Question 76

The ________ receive visual input from the lateral geniculates.

A)substantia nigra
B)red nuclei
C)cerebral peduncles
D)superior colliculi
E)inferior colliculi

Question 77

The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the

A)pulvinar.
B)lateral geniculates.
C)medial geniculates.
D)supraoptic nuclei.
E)paraventricular nuclei.

Question 78

The ________ integrate(s)sensory information for projection to the cerebral cortex.

A)pulvinar
B)lateral geniculates
C)medial geniculates
D)supraoptic nuclei
E)paraventricular nuclei

Question 79

Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells.This tissue probably came from the

A)nucleus gracilis.
B)nucleus cuneatus.
C)motor cortex.
D)substantia nigra.
E)red nucleus.

Question 80

The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus

A)regulate lactation.
B)secrete oxytocin.
C)control feeding reflexes.
D)control heart rate and blood pressure.
E)secrete antidiuretic hormone.