Deck 29: America During a Divisive War, 1963-1974

Question 1

Which of the following was not part of Lyndon Johnson's "war on poverty" or Great Society?

A)Head Start program
B)"just say no" campaign
C)model cities program
D)community action program
E)legal services program

Answer 1

"just say no" campaign

Question 2

The large-scale riots that garnered national attention in 1965 occurred in

A)Watts (Los Angeles)
B)St. Louis.
C)San Francisco.
D)the Bronx.
E)Dallas.

Answer 2

Watts (Los Angeles)

Question 3

The charismatic black Muslim leader who challenged the nonviolent approach of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was

A)Elijah Muhammad.
B)Malcolm X.
C)Stokely Carmichael.
D)Louis Farrakhan.
E)Jesse Jackson.

Answer 3

Malcolm X.

Question 4

In 1970, President Richard Nixon escalated the war in Indochina by invading ____, a supposedly neutral nation.

A)Thailand
B)Laos
C)Burma
D)Cambodia
E)China

Question 5

On August 9, 1974, President Richard Nixon became the only president in U.S. history to

A)be impeached.
B)be indicted.
C)resign.
D)be sent to jail.
E)refuse to leave after his removal from office.

Question 6

In 1972, President Richard Nixon broke with the past with his dramatic and historic visit to

A)Cuba.
B)China.
C)Vietnam.
D)the Vatican.
E)Brazil.

Question 7

The author of the expose on auto safety titled Unsafe at Any Speed was

A)Ralph Nader.
B)Betty Friedan.
C)Earl Warren.
D)George Wallace.
E)John Kenneth Galbraith

Question 8

The SALT I talks, begun in 1969, were held between the

A)United States and Vietnam.
B)United States and China.
C)United States and Cuba.
D)United States and the Soviet Union.
E)Soviet Union and China.

Question 9

The winner of the 1964 presidential election was

A)Lyndon B. Johnson.
B)Richard M. Nixon.
C)John F. Kennedy.
D)Gerald Ford.
E)Barry Goldwater.

Question 10

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 included new provisions that

A)guaranteed the right to vote to black Americans.
B)guaranteed the right to vote to women.
C)proposed federal remedies for fighting job discrimination.
D)protected women in the workplace.
E)reinforced states rights.

Question 11

Which of the following was not part of the Great Society agenda?

A)Medicare
B)Medicaid
C)Department of Housing and Urban Development
D)Community Action Program
E)Peace Corps

Question 12

The campaign of sustained bombing launched by Lyndon Johnson against North Vietnam in 1964 was known as

A)"Rolling Thunder."
B)"Agent Orange."
C)"Operation Jungle."
D)"Operation Desert Storm."
E)"Operation Overlord."

Question 13

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

A)attempted to fight job discrimination.
B)prohibited discrimination in public accommodations.
C)barred discrimination based on gender.
D)established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
E)all of these choices

Question 14

One of Johnson's Great Society initiatives, the Head Start program was designed to ​

A)​stimulate new construction in poor urban areas.
B)​provide job skills training.
C)​offer voter registration services to black voters.
D)​provide help for children who are educationally unprepared for kindergarten.
E)​offer food assistance to poor neighborhoods.

Question 15

The Pentagon Papers were highly critical of which of the following?

A)Medicare
B)American involvement in Vietnam
C)The investigation of the JFK assassination
D)Head Start Program
E)Federal government's response to antiwar protesters

Question 16

Which of the following was true of Lyndon Johnson?

A)Like John F Kennedy, Johnson was sophisticated, urbane, and charismatic.
B)He tried to create a consensus in support of his policies by using flattery and threats.
C)He hated paperwork and was bored by legislative details.
D)He had held only one elective office before he became president of the United States.
E)He was ineffective in dealing with Congress.

Question 17

The landslide winner of the 1972 presidential election was

A)Gerald Ford.
B)Jimmy Carter.
C)Richard Nixon.
D)Ronald Reagan.
E)Lyndon Johnson.

Question 18

All of the following were undertaken under the Nixon administration regarding the environment except

A)creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.
B)the federal government officially sponsoring Earth Day.
C)passage of the Clean Air Act of 1970.
D)passage of the Resources Recovery Act of 1970.
E)passage of the Pesticides Control Act of 1972.

Question 19

The congressional act that was tantamount to a declaration of war against North Vietnam was the

A)Geneva Accords.
B)Paris Peace Treaty.
C)Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
D)Vietnam War Resolution.
E)Rolling Thunder Resolution.

Question 20

The Republican nominee for the presidency in 1964 was

A)Lyndon B. Johnson.
B)Barry Goldwater.
C)Richard Nixon.
D)George Wallace.
E)Dwight Eisenhower.

Question 21

The MFDP

A)was a political party founded an organized by African Americans in Mississippi.
B)was a violent backlash to Freedom Summer.
C)was LBJ's greatest civil rights legislation.
D)was founded by Martin Luther King Jr.
E)represented a serious challenge to the Democratic Party by Republicans.

Question 22

The primary reason for SALT I's negligible impact on the arms race was

A)widespread Soviet violations of the agreed upon limits.
B)widespread American violations of the agreed upon limits.
C)its failure to win public support in the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
D)widespread Soviet and American violations of the agreed upon limits.
E)its failure to limit the number of warheads that each missile could carry

Question 23

Students at Berkeley "revolted"​ beginning in 1964 because

A)​they were angry about the violence at the Democratic National Convention.
B)​the university restricted their right to political activism on campus.
C)​they were opposed to racism in admission practices.
D)​they disliked restrictive curfews and parietal rules.
E)​all of these choices.

Question 24

Vietnamization refers to

A)LBJ's commitment to escalating US involvement in Vietnam.
B)the use of napalm in Vietnam.
C)the psychological impact of returning veterans from Vietnam.
D)Nixon's policy to withdraw from Vietnam.
E)the influence of Ho Chi Minh on the American Communist Party.

Question 25

All of the following are true of Freedom Summer except

A)three civil rights workers died in Mississippi.
B)part of the goal was to register black voters.
C)it was organized by SNCC.
D)there were other issues in addition to voting that were addressed.
E)they had the full support and protection of the government.

Question 26

​Which of the following events most polarized public sentiment about the war in Vietnam?​

A)​the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.​
B)​the Tet Offensive.​
C)​Vietnamization.
D)​My Lai massacre.​
E)​none of these choices.

Question 27

Lyndon Johnson's policy in Vietnam

A)demoralized North Vietnam and brought about "a peace with honor."
B)abandoned South Vietnam to "go it alone" in the war against communism.
C)outlawed the use of chemical weapons and fire bombs.
D)instituted the use of napalm.
E)won overwhelming support in the U.S.

Question 28

Johnson's Great Society was criticized for all of the following reasons except

A)not including a tax cut to provide money for business investment.
B)creating large federal deficits that conservatives believed would slow economic growth.
C)not attempting to radically redistribute wealth and income.
D)relying too heavily on bureaucratic professionals rather than grassroots activists to design and implement programs.
E)directing money into unproductive social experiments.

Question 29

During the "Freedom Summer" of 1964,

A)the FBI gathered information for Johnson to use to discredit southern segregationists.
B)civil rights legislation was included in the Republican Party platform.
C)Lyndon Johnson used his influence to support the dissident "Freedom Democratic Party" at the Democratic Convention.
D)students marched on Washington to protest the Vietnam War.
E)almost a thousand volunteers from various states helped register black voters in Mississippi.

Question 30

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

A)required federal election officials at polling places nationwide.
B)authorized the Justice Department to monitor elections in places with a history of discriminating against black voters.
C)required that all voters present a photo I.D. at the polls.
D)permitted anyone with permanent resident alien status to vote.
E)All of these choices.

Question 31

All of the following are associated with the counterculture except​

A)​the Grateful Dead
B)​Woodstock
C)​San Francisco
D)​LSD
E)​Watts

Question 32

Which of the following does not describe the counterculture of the 1960s? ​

A)​it was a youth movement that looked to the Beats as an early model.
B)​it was based in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury section.
C)​members embraced a free-wheeling lifestyle that resisted normal expectations.
D)​they recruited college students and were avid political protesters.
E)the media focused on their outrageous clothes, drug use, and music and dubbed them "Hippies."

Question 33

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), also known as the vanguard of the New Left, saw its mission as​

A)​ensuring equality of opportunity across the nation.
B)​overturning the existing government as part of a social revolution.
C)​participatory democracy -- grass roots activism and government responsive to local needs.
D)​passage of the Voting Rights Act.
E)​All of these choices.

Question 34

Which of the following was not part of the "black power" crusade?

A)a new emphasis on African-American culture and heritage
B)establishment of self-defense groups to protect African Americans from police harassment
C)demands for the release of African-American prisoners
D)continuation of nonviolent protests against segregation
E)guaranteed employment for all citizens

Question 35

The FAP program was created under which of the following presidents?

A)Nixon
B)Johnson
C)Kennedy
D)Ford
E)Carter

Question 36

The Johnson administration evaluated the success of the U.S. effort in Vietnam on the basis of

A)public demonstrations in support of the war.
B)diplomatic progress made between the North and South Vietnamese governments.
C)the amount of enemy territory seized by U.S. troops each month.
D)the weekly tally or "body count" of enemy dead.
E)the number of prisoners of war taken.

Question 37

The most publicly controversial rights-related cases of the Warren Court involved

A)civil rights.
B)abortion rights.
C)women's rights.
D)rights of criminal suspects.
E)immigrant rights.

Question 38

Under the Nixon Doctrine, the United States would

A)send in massive numbers of ground troops to bring the war in Vietnam to a speedy conclusion. 
B)provide military assistance to anticommunist governments in Asia, but require them to use their own combat troops. 
C)withrdraw all U.S. troops from Vietnam within one year.
D)employ massive air strikes on enemy targets in Vietnam. 
E)take action against any nation that interfered in Vietnam. 

Question 39

In the 1964 presidential campaign, Senator Barry Goldwater

A)criticized Lyndon Johnson's foreign policy as too aggressive.
B)was the only Republican senator to vote in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
C)was characterized by critics as a fanatical, reactionary extremist.
D)believed that the federal government had exclusive enforcement powers in issues of individual rights.
E)strongly supported the Social Security program.

Question 40

Lyndon Johnson secured passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by

A)appealing to the public with a televised "fireside chat."
B)gaining support from leading Republicans in Congress.
C)persuading southern congressmen that segregation was morally wrong.
D)promising segregationists that enforcement of the law would be left entirely in the hands of state officials.
E)getting the support of the Supreme Court.

Question 41

The "Great Society" usually is associated with the presidency of John F. Kennedy.

Question 42

The federal government restricted media coverage of the Vietnam War.

Question 43

Lyndon Johnson's policies expanded the size, role, and power of the federal government at home and abroad.

Question 44

The riot in Watts did not result in a loss of life.

Question 45

Medicare provides nationally funded medical coverage for low-income citizens.

Question 46

Barry Goldwater's defeat in 1964 demoralized his conservative supporters.

Question 47

In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that a state law that declared abortion a criminal offense violated a woman's right to privacy.

Question 48

In 1965, the United States invaded the Dominican Republic.

Question 49

Richard Nixon largely ignored the environmental movement.

Question 50

James Earl Ray was convicted of killing Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 51

Two African-American students were killed by law-enforcement officials following an antiwar protest rally at Jackson State College in 1970.

Question 52

Increasingly the role of the media has been a factor in the civil rights movement and riots.

Question 53

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring

A)launched the free speech movement of the 1960s.
B)helped initiate the women's movement.
C)raised public awareness about the continuing problem of poverty in America.
D)raised concerns about the use of pesticides in agriculture.
E)was a best-selling romance novel.

Question 54

The "black power" movement of the 1960s rejected integration and called for celebrating black cultural heritage.

Question 55

In 1971, Daniel Ellsberg released the "Pentagon Papers," a top-secret study of U.S. involvement in Vietnam, to the press.

Question 56

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is significant for women as well as people of color because

A)it demanded equal rights for all Americans.
B)its Title VII added the word "sex" to the legislation barring employment discrimination.
C)it prohibited companies from discriminating against gay workers.
D)it was enacted as a result of women's movement activism.
E)All of these choices.

Question 57

Author Charles Murray hailed the war on poverty in his book Losing Ground.

Question 58

The general in charge of the U.S. war effort in Vietnam was Norman Schwartzkopf.

Question 59

The chief legal counsel to the president, and the man who linked Richard Nixon to the Watergate cover-up, was John Mitchell.

Question 60

The Great Society was never controversial.

Question 61

The Nixon administration's devaluation of the U.S. dollar in 1973 had little impact on the deterioration of U.S. trade balances.

Question 62

Richard Nixon won a landslide victory in 1968.

Question 63

Breaking into the office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist was the first "dirty trick" perpetrated by Richard Nixon's plumbers.

Question 64

Lyndon Johnson received conflicting advice from his advisers about whether to escalate American involvement in Vietnam.

Question 65

It took quite a while for Lyndon Johnson to complete the major goals of JFK's New Frontier.

Question 66

Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned in October 1973 after pleading "no contest" to income tax evasion.

Question 67

Medicare and Medicaid were curtailed during the Nixon administration.

Question 68

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 dealt with voting rights.

Question 69

The simultaneous increase in both inflation and unemployment, which economists called "stagflation," defied conventional economic thinking.

Question 70

The counterculture of the 1960s was centered in Los Angeles.

Question 71

Phyllis Sclafly led opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment.

Question 72

According to a special commission report after the violence at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, the event was a "police riot."

Question 73

President Nixon signed no significant environment legislation.

Question 74

Part of the antiwar movement included young men burning draft cards and refusing to register for military service.

Question 75

Civil Rights leaders had a different vision than Johnson for the types of antipoverty programs needed in poor urban areas.

Question 76

The Republican national convention in 1968 occasioned intense rioting and large demonstrations.

Question 77

Richard Nixon's "new economic policy" mandated a 90-day freeze on any increase in wages and prices, to be followed by government monitoring to detect excessive increases in either.

Question 78

The counterculture and the new Left were the same group of people.

Question 79

Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972.

Question 80

Lyndon Johnson refused to watch television coverage of the war in Vietnam for fear of seeing criticism of his policies.