Deck 18: Adrenergic Drugs

Question 1

A mother has given her 6-year-old son pseudoephedrine (Afrin)nose drops four times a day for 2 weeks.She says at first her son's congestion seemed to get better,but since she stopped giving him the drops,"his cold is worse than ever." Which of the following statements is the nurse's best explanation to the patient's mother?

A)Nose drops lose their effectiveness over time.
B)The nose drops are no match for the virulent cold viruses that are prevalent this season.
C)Her son developed an addiction to the nose drops, which caused excessive drainage when the medication was stopped.
D)Excessive use of nasal decongestants can lead to greater congestion because of a "rebound effect" that occurs when the product is stopped.

Answer 1

Excessive use of nasal decongestants can lead to greater congestion because of a "rebound effect" that occurs when the product is stopped.

Question 2

Which of the following conditions is an indication for epinephrine (Adrenalin)?

A)Severe hypertension
B)Conjunctival congestion
C)Acute asthma attacks
D)Heart failure

Answer 2

Acute asthma attacks

Question 3

Adrenergic drugs produce effects similar to which of the following?

A)The central nervous system
B)The somatic nervous system
C)The sympathetic nervous system
D)The parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 3

The sympathetic nervous system

Question 4

An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock.The nurse notes that this drug has had its primary intended effect when which of the following is observed?

A)Volume restoration
B)Increased blood pressure
C)Stable urine output
D)Reduced anxiety

Question 5

When a patient is taking an adrenergic drug,the nurse expects to see which of the following effects?

A)Increased heart rate
B)Bronchial constriction
C)Peripheral vasodilation
D)Increased intestinal peristalsis

Question 6

A female patient is on a low-dose dobutamine drip for heart failure.She had been feeling "better" but now complains of feeling tightness in her chest and a bit of anxiety.Her heart rate,which was 86,is now up to 110,and her blood pressure,which was 120/80,is now 150/98.What is the nurse's immediate concern?

A)The patient is experiencing normal adverse effects of dobutamine therapy.
B)The patient may be experiencing an allergic reaction to the dobutamine.
C)The medication may be causing a worsening of a pre-existing cardiac disorder.
D)The dosage of the dobutamine should be increased to better control these symptoms.

Question 7

A 14-year-old female patient has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months.Two weeks ago,she was given salmeterol (Serevent)as part of her medication regimen.However,her mother has called the clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is experiencing acute symptoms.Which of the following is the nurse's best response to the patient's mother?

A)It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop.
B)She is too young for this particular medication;it should be changed.
C)She should take up to two puffs every 4 hours to ensure adequate blood levels.
D)Salmeterol is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms and is not to be used for relief of acute symptoms.

Question 8

Inhaled salmeterol (Serevent)is indicated for which of the following conditions?

A)Relief of acute asthma attacks
B)Nasal decongestion
C)Long-term maintenance treatment of asthma
D)Treatment of anaphylaxis

Question 9

When an older adult is taking an adrenergic drug,the nurse must carefully monitor which of the following?

A)Blood pressure and pulse rate
B)Temperature and oxygen saturation
C)Urine output
D)Irritability and chest pain

Question 10

Which of the following are effects of the sympathetic nervous system? Select all that apply.

A)Dilation of bronchioles
B)Constriction of bronchioles
C) Decreased heart rate
D)Increased heart rate
E)Increased peristaltic contractions of intestinal smooth muscle
F)Decreased motility of intestinal smooth muscle
G)Contraction of the uterine muscle
H)Relaxation of the uterine muscle
I)Dilated pupils
J)Constricted pupils
K)Decreased insulin release

Question 11

Adrenergic drugs that cause relaxation of the bronchi (bronchodilation)stimulate which type of receptors?

A)Dopaminergic receptors
B)β₁-adrenergic receptors
C)β₂-adrenergic receptors
D)α1-adrenergic receptors

Question 12

When an adrenergic drug stimulates β₁-adrenergic receptors,the result is an increased force of contraction,which is known as what type of positive effect?

A)Inotropic
B)Adrenergic
C)Dromotropic
D)Chronotropic

Question 13

A patient is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic.Which drug would be used to treat this condition?

A)ephedra
B)epinephrine (Adrenalin)
C)phenylephrine
D)pseudoephedrine