Deck 26: Diuretic Drugs

Question 1

A patient is being discharged to home on a single daily dose of a diuretic.To avoid unnecessary disruptions to the patient's daily routine,at what time does the health care provider instruct the patient to take the dose?

A)In the morning
B)At noon
C)With supper
D)At bedtime

Answer 1

In the morning

Question 2

When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic,the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency.Which of the following are symptoms of potassium deficienty? Select all that apply.

A)Dyspnea
B)Constipation
C)Anorexia
D)Tinnitus
E)Muscle weakness
F)Palpitations
G)Mental confusion
H)Lethargy

Answer 2

Anorexia
Muscle weakness
Mental confusion
Lethargy

Question 3

The physician has ordered mannitol (Osmitrol)for a patient.How should this drug be administered?

A)Intravenously,through a filter
B)By rapid intravenous (IV)bolus
C)20 to 80 mg orally (PO) daily, in a single morning dose
D)By oral or IV route,depending on the severity of the patient's condition

Answer 3

Intravenously,through a filter

Question 4

The manifestations of potassium deficiency include which of the following?

A)Dyspnea
B)Diarrhea
C)Weakness
D)Hypertension

Question 5

A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy.The nurse expects that a drug in which of the following classes is to be used initially?

A)Loop diuretics
B)Osmotic diuretics
C)Thiazide diuretics
D)Vasodilators

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true regarding loop diuretics?

A)They are also called aldosterone-inhibiting diuretics.
B)They are very potent,providing a diuretic effect that lasts at least 6 hours.
C)They are particularly useful when rapid diuresis is desired because their onset of action is rapid.
D)They have the disadvantage of ceasing to be effective when the creatinine clearance decreases below 25 mL/min.

Question 7

Which of the following is a true statement about the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs)?

A)The CAIs induce metabolic alkalosis.
B)The CAIs can elevate the blood glucose level in patients taking oral hypoglycemics.
C)CAIs are contraindicated in the presence of glaucoma.
D)CAIs are effective as prolonged therapy for seizures.

Question 8

A patient with a new prescription for furosemide (Lasix)is being discharged.What important information should the nurse tell this patient about his new prescription?

A)"Keep a weekly journal or log of your weight."
B)"Avoid foods high in potassium,such as bananas,oranges,fresh vegetables,and dates."
C)"If you experience weight gain, such as 2.27 kg (5 lb) or more a week, be sure to tell your physician during your next routine visit."
D)"Be sure to change your body position slowly and rise slowly after sitting or lying.Making slow movements will prevent dizziness and possible fainting because of blood pressure changes."

Question 9

When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy,which of the following best reflects the patient's fluid volume status?

A)Blood pressure and pulse
B)Serum potassium and sodium levels
C)Intake, output, and daily weight
D)Measurements of abdominal girth and calf circumference

Question 10

The nurse is teaching a patient about use of hydrochlorothiazide.The nurse should ensure the patient knows to be cautious when taking which of the following medications with hydrochlorothiazide?

A)digitalis
B)Antacids
C)Potassium supplements
D)Over-the-counter aspirin preparations

Question 11

Patients who are placed on spironolactone (Aldactone)should be assessed continuously for which of the following?

A)Hypokalemia
B)Hyperkalemia
C)Hyponatremia
D)Hypercalcemia

Question 12

A patient in the neurologic critical care unit is being treated for cerebral edema.Which of the following drugs is the patient likely to be given to reduce intracranial pressure?

A)Loop diuretics
B)Osmotic diuretics
C)Thiazide diuretics
D)Vasodilators