Question 1

Because of many reported adverse events,which of the following children should not be given cough and cold medication?&#10;A)Children younger than 2 years old&#10;B)Children younger than 4 years old&#10;C)Children younger than 6 years old&#10;D)Children younger than 8 years old

Accepted Answer

Children younger than 6 years old should not be given cough and cold medication.Many adverse events have been reported concerning these medications and children younger than 6 years of age.Insufficient research has been done into the use of these medications in children.

Question 2

Which antihistamine is commonly used in the treatment of motion sickness?&#10;A)azatadine&#10;B)diphenhydramine (Allerdryl)&#10;C)hydroxyzine&#10;D)promethazine

Accepted Answer

Azatadine is used in the treatment of motion sickness.

Question 3

A patient has been advised to add a nasal spray (an adrenergic decongestant)to treat a cold.What important information should the nurse tell the patient about the nasal spray?&#10;A)Expect the effects to be delayed at least 1 week.&#10;B)Limit use of this spray to 3 to 5 days.&#10;C)Continue the spray until nasal stuffiness has resolved.&#10;D)Avoid use of this spray if a fever develops.

Accepted Answer

Frequent,long-term,or excessive use of nasal decongestants may lead to rebound congestion if used beyond the recommended use.

Question 4

What systemic effect may occur with the administration of a topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestant?&#10;A)Heartburn&#10;B)Bradycardia&#10;C)Hypotension&#10;D)Nervousness

Accepted Answer

If a topically administered adrenergic nasal decongestant is absorbed into the bloodstream,central nervous system (CNS)effects,such as nervousness,may occur;hypertension and palpitations may also occur.Heartburn is not an adverse effect of topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestants.

Question 5

A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems.Which of the following is one of the benefits of orally administered decongestants?&#10;A)Onset is immediate.&#10;B)The effect is more potent.&#10;C)Rebound congestion is almost nonexistent.&#10;D)The adverse effects of restlessness and nervousness are reduced.

Accepted Answer

Rebound congestion is almost nonexistent with the use of oral decongestants.
Compared with topically applied decongestants,the onset of orally administered decongestants is more delayed and the effect is less potent.Nervousness is an adverse effect of decongestants.

Question 6

A patient is taking guaifenesin (Balminil)as part of the treatment for influenza.Which of the following should the nurse also instruct the patient to do?&#10;A)Force fluids to help loosen and liquefy secretions.&#10;B)Report a fever to the doctor if her temperature is above 38.3&#176;C.&#10;C)Avoid driving a car or operating heavy machinery because of the sedating effects.&#10;D)Avoid coughing to retain the effects of the medication for a longer period.

Accepted Answer

Forcing fluids helps to loosen and liquefy secretions.

Question 7

During a routine checkup,the patient states that she is unable to take the prescribed antihistamine because of one of its most common adverse effects.The physician prescribes another antihistamine,loratadine (Claritin).What adverse effect has probably been bothering this patient?

A)Diarrhea
B)Urticaria
C)Drowsiness
D)Decreased libido

Accepted Answer

Drowsiness is usually the chief complaint of people who take antihistamines.

Question 8

How does the antitussive dextromethorphan (Benylin DM-E)work to suppress the cough reflex?&#10;A)By causing central nervous system (CNS)depression&#10;B)By anaesthetizing the stretch receptors&#10;C)Through a direct action on the cough centre&#10;D)By decreasing the viscosity of the bronchial secretions

Accepted Answer

Dextromethorphan suppresses the cough reflex through a direct action on the cough centre.

Question 9

Which drug is most likely to be chosen to aid in the removal of excessive mucus in the respiratory tract?&#10;A)guaifenesin (Balminil)&#10;B)benzonatate&#10;C)codeine (Dimetane-C)&#10;D)dextromethorphan (Benylin DM-E)

Accepted Answer

Expectorants,such as guaifenesin,work to loosen and thin sputum and the bronchial secretions,thereby indirectly diminishing the tendency to cough.
Benzonatate,codeine,and dextromethorphan are antitussives (cough suppressants).

Question 10

The nurse knows that an antitussive drug is most appropriate for which of the following patients?&#10;A)A patient with pneumonia who has a productive cough&#10;B)A patient who has a tracheostomy and thick mucus secretions&#10;C)A patient who has had a productive cough for 2 weeks&#10;D)A patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after hernia repair surgery

Accepted Answer

Antitussive drugs help to prevent coughing that is considered harmful instead of useful,such as in a patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after hernia repair surgery.
Coughing is beneficial in a patient with pneumonia who has a productive cough,in a patient who has a tracheostomy and thick mucus secretions,and in a patient who has had a productive cough for 2 weeks.

Question 11

Which of the following instructions is correct for a patient taking an antihistamine?&#10;A)Eat chocolate bars to ease the discomfort of dry mouth.&#10;B)Antihistamines are generally safe to take with over-the-counter (OTC)medications.&#10;C)Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption of the drug.&#10;D)Take the medication with food,even though doing so may slightly reduce the absorption of the drug.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following instructions is correct...

Deck 36: Antihistamines,decongestants,antitussives,and Expectorants