Deck 48: Anti-neoplastic Drugs: Cancer Overview and Cell Cyclespecific Drugs

Question 1

If extravasation of an antineoplastic drug occurs during intravenous (IV)administration,what is the nurse's best immediate response?

A)Reduction of the infusion rate
B)Discontinuation of the IV and application of warm compresses
C)Changing the infusion to normal saline and injecting the area with hydrocortisone
D)Stopping the infusion immediately but leaving the IV tube in place for administration of an antidote

Answer 1

Stopping the infusion immediately but leaving the IV tube in place for administration of an antidote

Question 2

A patient has had her first course of antineoplastic therapy and is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects,including anorexia and nausea.Which of the following is an appropriate goal for the patient dealing with this problem?

A)To eat three balanced meals a day within 4 days
B)To return to her normal eating pattern within 1 month
C)To maintain her normal weight by consuming healthy snacks as tolerated
D)To maintain a diet of six frequent feedings with a nutritional supplement as a snack within 2 weeks

Answer 2

To maintain a diet of six frequent feedings with a nutritional supplement as a snack within 2 weeks

Question 3

A patient is receiving the antineoplastic drug methotrexate (Apo-Methotrexate).What important information should the nurse teach the patient about this drug? Select all that apply.

A)Report black,tarry stools.
B)Perform oral care with mouthwash.
C)Hair loss is not expected with this drug.
D)Prepare for hair loss by deciding whether to use a wig,a hairpiece,or a hat.
E)Avoid straight-edge razors.
F)Contraceptive measures can be discontinued as soon as chemotherapy is completed.
G)Avoid foods that are hot or rough in texture.
H)Increase fluid intake to 10 to 12 glasses per day.

Answer 3

Report black,tarry stools.
Prepare for hair loss by deciding whether to use a wig,a hairpiece,or a hat.
Avoid straight-edge razors.
Avoid foods that are hot or rough in texture.
Increase fluid intake to 10 to 12 glasses per day.

Question 4

One patient has cancer of the bone;a second patient has cancer in the connective tissues of his leg muscles;a third patient has cancer in her vascular tissues.Which of the following types of tumours is common to these patients?

A)Sarcoma
B)Leukemia
C)Carcinoma
D)Lymphoma

Question 5

A patient is at risk for infection due to neutropenic effects of antineoplastic drug therapy.Which of the following statements by the patient indicates that he needs further teaching about his care?

A)"I can't wait to go to the buffet restaurant for supper."
B)"I should eat plenty of fresh fruit to improve my nutrition."
C)"I should report a sore throat, cough, or low-grade temperature."
D)"It is important for both my family and me to practise good hand washing."

Question 6

A patient is receiving her third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy.What important information should the nurse tell the patient about this adverse effect?

A)Aspirin should be taken to prevent development of stomatitis.
B)She should watch for and report black tarry stools immediately.
C)She should increase her intake of foods containing fibre and citric acid.
D)She should examine her mouth daily for bleeding,white spots,and ulcerations.

Question 7

Which of the following unique adverse effects is characteristic of the antineoplastic enzymes,such as asparaginase (Kidrolase)?

A)Hepatotoxicity
B)Impaired pancreatic function
C)Nephrotoxicity
D)Hypoglycemia

Question 8

A patient who has been on methotrexate (Apo-Methotrexate)therapy has developed a fever.Her husband asks whether she can take ibuprofen (Motrin)for the fever.Which of the following statements is the nurse's best response?

A)Ibuprofen aggravates stomatitis.
B)Ibuprofen masks signs of infection.
C)Ibuprofen can lead to methotrexate toxicity.
D)Ibuprofen will cause no problems for the patient on methotrexate.

Question 9

Leucovorin rescue,during which leucovorin enters and "rescues" normal cells from the toxic effects of antineoplastic agents,is useful during therapy with which of the following drugs?

A)cisplatin
B)methotrexate (Apo-Methotrexate)
C)mercaptopurine (Purinethol)
D)cyclophosphamide (Procytox)

Question 10

Which of the following is a true statement regarding nadir?

A)It is a therapeutic effect of radiation.
B)It is the lowest level reached by bone marrow cells following chemotherapy.
C)It occurs 30 days after chemotherapy treatment.
D)Antiemetics will prevent it.