Question 1

A patient who has been newly diagnosed with vertigo will be taking an antihistamine antiemetic drug.What is important for the nurse to emphasize when teaching the patient about this drug?&#10;A)Doses may be skipped if she is feeling well.&#10;B)The patient should avoid driving because of possible drowsiness.&#10;C)The patient may experience transient taste problems.&#10;D)It is safe to take the dose with a glass of wine in the evening to help settle her stomach.

Accepted Answer

Because drowsiness may occur as a result of central nervous system (CNS)depression,patients should avoid driving or working with heavy machinery due to possible sedation.
The medication should be taken as instructed and not skipped.Transient taste problems are not an adverse effect of antihistamine antiemetic drugs.These drugs should not be taken with alcohol or other CNS depressants because of possible additive depressant effects.

Question 2

Which drug is administered via a transdermal patch to prevent motion sickness?&#10;A)meclizine (Bonamine)&#10;B)prochlorperazine (Stemetil)&#10;C)scopolamine (Transderm-V)&#10;D)metoclopramide (Apo-Metoclop)

Accepted Answer

Scopolamine is administered with a transdermal patch for the prophylaxis of motion sickness.
Meclizine is indicated for motion sickness prophylaxis but is not available in a patch.Prochlorperazine is available in oral,parenteral,and rectal forms,but not in a patch.Metoclopramide is available in oral and suppository forms only.

Question 3

A patient complains of severe nausea and vomiting following a case of food poisoning.He tells the nurse he takes quinidine for heart problems.Which antiemetic drug may cause increased adverse cardiac effects when taken with quinidine?

A)metoclopramide (Apo-Metoclop)
B)prochlorperazine (Nu-Prochlor)
C)scopolamine (Transderm-V)
D)granisetron (Kytril)

prochlorperazine (Nu-Prochlor)

Accepted Answer

Neuroleptic drugs,such as prochlorperazine,may have an additive effect when taken with quinidine.These drugs can also cause increased adverse cardiac effects.

Question 4

Which antiemetic drug works by blocking dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone,causing the zone to be desensitized to impulses received from the gastrointestinal tract?&#10;A)ondansetron (Zofran)&#10;B)metoclopramide (Apo-Metoclop)&#10;C)meclizine (Bonamine)&#10;D)prochlorperazine (Nu-Prochlor)

Accepted Answer

Prokinetic drugs,particularly metoclopramide,work by blocking dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone,causing the zone to be desensitized to impulses received from the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 5

Which antiemetic drugs have proved effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting?&#10;A)meclizine (Bonamine)&#10;B)ondansetron (Zofran)&#10;C)scopolamine (Transderm-V)&#10;D)diphenhydramine (Aller-Aide)

Accepted Answer

Serotonin blockers such as ondansetron have proved to be very effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Question 6

The nurse has just completed the intravenous (IV)administration of a drug and encourages the patient to remain lying for 30 to 60 minutes to minimize the drug's hypotensive effects.What drug has the patient received?

A)granisetron (Kytril)
B)ondansetron (Zofran)
C)diphenhydramine (Aller-Aide)
D)prochlorperazine (Stemetil)

Accepted Answer

Because of the hypotensive effects of prochlorperazine,the patient should remain lying down for 30 to 60 minutes after the drug has been given parenterally,and the legs should be elevated to help minimize the hypotensive effect.

Question 7

Nabilone (Cesamex)is an antiemetic used for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with which of the following conditions?&#10;A)M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease&#10;B)Motion sickness&#10;C)Chemotherapy treatment&#10;D)Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Accepted Answer

Nabilone is approved for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.It is also used to stimulate appetite and weight gain in patients with AIDS.

Question 8

Which of the following interventions is correct regarding the management of nausea and vomiting?&#10;A)Give antiemetics immediately after chemotherapy is administered.&#10;B)Antiemetics are often administered 30 minutes to 3 hours before a chemotherapy drug is given.&#10;C)Taking antiemetics at night may cause restlessness and interfere with sleep.&#10;D)Antiemetics may be taken with a glass of wine to help settle the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Antiemetics should be given before any chemotherapy drug is administered,often 30 minutes to 3 hours before treatment.
Antiemetics are given before,not after chemotherapy is administered.Most antiemetics cause drowsiness.Taking antiemetics with alcohol may increase central nervous system (CNS)depression.

Question 9

A patient receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondansetron (Zofran)for treatment of nausea.Which of the following is an adverse effect from this antiemetic drug?&#10;A)Dizziness&#10;B)Headache&#10;C)Dry mouth&#10;D)Blurred vision

Accepted Answer

Headache is an adverse effect of the serotonin blockers.

Question 10

A patient with motion sickness is planning a cross-country car trip to attend a family reunion.The nurse teaches the patient that a scopolamine (Transderm-V)patch will help to prevent motion sickness.According to the nurse,when should the patient change the patch?

A)Every day
B)Every other day
C)Every 3 days
D)Only if it stops working

Accepted Answer

Scopolamine patches are 72-hour doses and should be changed every 3 days.

Deck 54: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs