Deck 12: Preventing Cardiovascular Disease, diabetes, and Cancer

Question 1

Fred is a 60-year-old male who is obese and physically inactive.He was recently diagnosed with diabetes by his physician,but he is not taking supplemental insulin.Which type of diabetes does he likely have?

A)Type 1
B)Type 2
C)Type 1.5
D)Gestational

Answer 1

Type 2

Question 2

The type of cardiovascular disease responsible for the most deaths in the U.S.is

A)stroke.
B)congestive heart failure.
C)hypertension.
D)coronary heart disease.

Answer 2

coronary heart disease.

Question 3

Amanda engages in several health-risk behaviors,including smoking,lack of physical activity,and poor diet.If she chooses to change only one of these behaviors,which change will have the biggest impact on reducing her risk of developing a chronic disease?

A)Inactivity
B)Smoking
C)Poor diet
D)Each will have the same impact.

Answer 3

Smoking

Question 4

Blood travels back to the heart via the

A)arteries.
B)capillaries.
C)veins.
D)aorta.

Question 5

All the following statements describe chronic disease except:

A)It develops gradually.
B)It lasts for a long time.
C)It can easily be spread from one person to another.
D)It causes either continual symptoms or recurring bouts of illness.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most dangerous form of an arrhythmia?

A)Fibrillation
B)Tachycardia
C)Bradycardia
D)Myocardial infarction

Question 7

If Davis has high blood pressure,high blood glucose,and low levels of good cholesterol,which diagnosis will his physician most likely give?

A)Diabetes
B)Cardiovascular disease
C)Metabolic syndrome
D)Pre-diabetic

Question 8

Recall Andrew's Student Story in the chapter.Which type of diabetes does Andrew's father have?

A)Type 1
B)Type 2
C)Type 1.5
D)Gestational

Question 9

Depending on severity,coronary heart disease can cause all the following except

A)anginA.
B)sudden cardiac arrest.
C)high cholesterol.
D)heart attack.

Question 10

Which of the following factors contributes to healthy blood pressure?

A)Having narrowed arteries
B)Having arteries that stretch and recoil
C)Having soft plaque buildup
D)Having sclerotic arteries

Question 11

Which of the following factors may damage the inner linings of the arteries?

A)High blood pressure
B)Smoking
C)Certain types of infection
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

As of 2008,incidence of this chronic disease had more than doubled over the previous fifteen years.

A)Cancer
B)Cardiovascular disease
C)Diabetes
D)Osteoporosis

Question 13

Hardened and ruptured artery plaque may result in

A)plaque breaking off and moving through the bloodstream.
B)a clot in the artery that can cause a sudden heart attack or stroke.
C)blood flow being shunted to nearby arteries.
D)elevated blood pressure.

Question 14

Recall Andrew's Student Story in the chapter.By exercising and following a healthy diet,Andrew is reducing his risks for

A)diabetes.
B)cardiovascular disease.
C)cancer.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of adult mortality in the United States,causing more than

A)2 in 10 deaths.
B)3 in 10 deaths.
C)4 in 10 deaths.
D)5 in 10 deaths.

Question 16

Diabetes is associated with all the following complications except

A)increased nerve sensitivity caused by hypoglycemiA.
B)increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
C)decreased ability of the body to heal.
D)increased risk for blindness.

Question 17

De-oxygenated blood enters the heart via the

A)superior and inferior vena cavA.
B)aorta.
C)right atrium.
D)left atrium.

Question 18

Amanda smokes a half pack of cigarettes per day,is inactive,and has a poor dietary intake.Which of the following chronic diseases is she at risk of developing?

A)Cardiovascular disease
B)Cancer
C)Diabetes
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

What portion of deaths in the U.S.every year are caused by cardiovascular disease and cancer?

A)More than a quarter
B)More than a third
C)More than half
D)More than two thirds

Question 20

Jorge has a blood pressure reading of 120/80.This classifies him as having

A)normal blood pressure.
B)prehypertension.
C)Stage 1 hypertension.
D)Stage 2 hypertension.

Question 21

Which type of cancer is most often associated with exposure to the sun?

A)Sarcoma
B)Lymphoma
C)Leukemia
D)Carcinoma

Question 22

All of the following behaviors can reduce a person's risk for cardiovascular disease except

A)not smoking.
B)limiting alcohol intake.
C)managing stress.
D)keeping LDL cholesterol levels high.

Question 23

The genetic link that is associated with risk for cancer can be attributed to

A)a cancerous gene being passed through the family blood line.
B)a weaker version of a protective gene passed through the family blood line.
C)similar hormonal levels evident in family members of the same sex.
D)behaviors such as smoking that may affect genetic predisposition through the family blood line.

Question 24

A TIA is a milder form of

A)heart attack.
B)stroke.
C)heart valve disorder.
D)hypertension.

Question 25

It is important for Ariana to take all her prescribed antibiotics for strep throat so that it doesn't lead to

A)ischemic stroke.
B)congestive heart failure.
C)rheumatic heart disease.
D)atherosclerosis.

Question 26

Which of the following was found to be the most common risk factor for congestive heart failure?

A)Tachycardia
B)Coronary heart disease
C)Bradycardia
D)Hypertension

Question 27

If a woman tests positive for HPV,she may be at increased risk for this form of cancer.

A)Breast
B)Cervical
C)Uterine
D)Colon

Question 28

All of the following strategies for lowering cancer risk will also lower a person's risk for cardiovascular disease except

A)not smoking.
B)limiting alcohol consumption.
C)checking for the presence of radon in the home.
D)eating a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables.

Question 29

What is the association between dental health and cardiovascular disease?

A)Individuals who have poor dental habits are less likely to take measures to prevent cardiovascular disease.
B)The more cavities a person has,the higher the risk for heart disease.
C)Pathogens involved in gum disease can cause inflammation,which may contribute to atherosclerosis.
D)Infections in the teeth can cause rheumatic fever,which may lead to rheumatic heart disease.

Question 30

All of the following are inherent links to CVD except

A)being Asian American.
B)being over 65.
C)being male.
D)having a parent with CVD.

Question 31

Which hormone appears to have a protective effect against heart disease?

A)Testosterone
B)Androgen
C)Estrogen
D)Progesterone

Question 32

Hormone levels strongly influence this type of cancer in women.

A)Breast
B)Heart
C)Thyroid
D)Lymphoma

Question 33

All of the following are considered heart-healthy foods except

A)cheese.
B)salmon.
C)fruit.
D)vegetables.

Question 34

Recall Amanda's Student Story in the chapter.Amanda has regular mammograms and pelvic exams.Which of the following screenings should a female with a family history of reproductive cancer and skin cancer have?

A)Monthly breast self-exams
B)Yearly skin cancer screening
C)HPV screening
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 35

Sean was injected with a radioactive substance to see how blood flowed through his arteries during this test.

A)Echocardiogram
B)Exercise thallium test
C)EKG
D)Coronary angiography

Question 36

The challenges our bodies face in defending cells against mutations include all the following except

A)Some are more severe than the body can fix.
B)The frequency of the encounter with the carcinogen can overwhelm the body's defenses.
C)The body's defenses become inactive in response to the carcinogen.
D)In some people other features of their DNA diminish their body's ability to protect and repair cells.

Question 37

All of the following are ways doctors look for signs of cancer except

A)biopsies.
B)lab tests that look for the presence of tumor markers.
C)changes in hair growth patterns.
D)DNA tests.

Question 38

Which of the following ethnicities is at greatest risk of dying from cancer?

A)Asian Americans
B)Caucasians
C)Hispanics
D)African Americans

Question 39

When cancer metastasizes it

A)becomes non-threatening.
B)attacks one area of the body.
C)reaches its full growth potential.
D)spreads to another area of the body.

Question 40

Recall Amanda's Student Story in the chapter.Which form of cancer did Amanda have?

A)Sarcoma
B)Central nervous system
C)Leukemia
D)Carcinoma

Question 41

Being overweight does not increase a person's risk for diabetes.

Question 42

National statistics suggest that more than half of young adults today will die of cancer or cardiovascular disease during their lifetime.

Question 43

Women with gestational diabetes are at a higher risk for Type 2 diabetes later in life.

Question 44

The majority of health care expenses in the U.S.can be attributed to chronic diseases.

Question 45

The primary cause of Type 1 diabetes is consuming too many carbohydrates.

Question 46

Aside from lung cancer,smoking also increases a person's risk of which of the following cancers?

A)Pancreatic
B)Colorectal
C)Oral cancer
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 47

Julie has light skin that burns easily.Which of the following will not increase her risk for skin cancer?

A)Using a tanning bed instead of lying out in the sun
B)Sunning on the beach using tanning lotion with an SFP of 4
C)Wearing sunscreen,a hat,and protective clothing when she is outside
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 48

Diabetes shaves 10-15 years off a person's life.

Question 49

Risk factors for lung cancer include all the following except

A)exposure to second-hand smoke.
B)a history of smoking.
C)exposure to asbestos.
D)a family history of allergies and asthma.

Question 50

Diabetes is now one of the most common serious illnesses in the United States.

Question 51

Which of the following is the deadliest form of skin cancer?

A)Malignant melanoma
B)Basal cell carcinoma
C)Myeloma
D)Lymphoma

Question 52

All of the following statements regarding pancreatic cancer are true except

A)signs rarely appear until the cancer is advanced.
B)being a diabetic increases a person's risk.
C)survival rates are low.
D)standard screening guidelines call for yearly checkups.

Question 53

Getting regular exercise reduces a person's risk for diabetes and other chronic diseases.

Question 54

All of the following are risk factors for both ovarian cancer and breast cancer except

A)mutations in BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes.
B)having two or more drinks a day on a regular basis.
C)a family history of breast cancer.
D)never having children.

Question 55

Most chronic diseases are a natural consequence of aging regardless of a person's lifestyle behaviors.

Question 56

All of the following statements regarding lung cancer are true except

A)Being exposed to radon can cause lung cancer even in non-smokers.
B)Lung cancer is very easy to detect in its early stages.
C)Non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke are at increased risk for lung cancer.
D)Chest pain can be a symptom of advanced lung cancer.

Question 57

Newer treatments for cancer rely on

A)using surgery to remove tumors.
B)using drugs to shrink malignant tumors.
C)using drugs that disrupt a tumor's ability to grow.
D)using radiation to kill cancerous cells.

Question 58

All of the following increase a person's risk for colon cancer except

A)having a family history of polyps.
B)having Crohn's disease.
C)having a diet that is high in fiber.
D)being over 50.

Question 59

Treatment for Type 1 diabetes requires several daily injections with a needle and syringe.

Question 60

Testicular cancer primarily affects males in which age range?

A)20-39
B)12-18
C)50-65
D)Over 65

Question 61

Matching
Type 2 diabetes

A)elevated blood glucose
B)insulin-dependent diabetes
C)diabetes that develops during pregnancy
D)also called adult-onset diabetes
E)diabetes with aspects of Type 1 and Type 2

Question 62

Most cancer deaths in women are attributed to breast cancer.

Question 63

The signs of a stroke may not be obvious.

Question 64

Matching
Congestive heart failure

A)loss of heartbeat and consciousness
B)atherosclerosis of the arteries that feed the heart
C)a gradual loss of heart function
D)blockage of an artery in or leading to the brain
E)rupture of a cerebral artery

Question 65

Coronary heart disease is the single leading cause of death in the U.S.

Question 66

Matching
Coronary heart disease

A)loss of heartbeat and consciousness
B)atherosclerosis of the arteries that feed the heart
C)a gradual loss of heart function
D)blockage of an artery in or leading to the brain
E)rupture of a cerebral artery

Question 67

Matching
Type 1 diabetes

A)elevated blood glucose
B)insulin-dependent diabetes
C)diabetes that develops during pregnancy
D)also called adult-onset diabetes
E)diabetes with aspects of Type 1 and Type 2

Question 68

Matching
Hemorrhagic stroke

A)loss of heartbeat and consciousness
B)atherosclerosis of the arteries that feed the heart
C)a gradual loss of heart function
D)blockage of an artery in or leading to the brain
E)rupture of a cerebral artery

Question 69

Hepatitis A is closely linked to liver cancer.

Question 70

The systolic reading in blood pressure measurement records the resting phase of the heart.

Question 71

Matching
Gestational diabetes

A)elevated blood glucose
B)insulin-dependent diabetes
C)diabetes that develops during pregnancy
D)also called adult-onset diabetes
E)diabetes with aspects of Type 1 and Type 2

Question 72

The 5-year survival rate for cancer is 50% lower than it was 30 years ago.

Question 73

Matching
Type 1.5 diabetes

A)elevated blood glucose
B)insulin-dependent diabetes
C)diabetes that develops during pregnancy
D)also called adult-onset diabetes
E)diabetes with aspects of Type 1 and Type 2

Question 74

Matching
Metastasis

A)the spread of cancer to other areas of the body
B)a cancerous tumor
C)an abnormal growth of tissue with no physiological function
D)a mutated gene that encourages uncontrolled cell division
E)a non-cancerous tumor

Question 75

African American males are more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and are more likely to have an aggressive form.

Question 76

De-oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the arteries.

Question 77

HPV infection is not a risk factor for cervical cancer.

Question 78

Atherosclerosis can be both a result and a cause of hypertension.

Question 79

Matching
Ischemic stroke

A)loss of heartbeat and consciousness
B)atherosclerosis of the arteries that feed the heart
C)a gradual loss of heart function
D)blockage of an artery in or leading to the brain
E)rupture of a cerebral artery

Question 80

Matching
Sudden cardiac arrest

A)loss of heartbeat and consciousness
B)atherosclerosis of the arteries that feed the heart
C)a gradual loss of heart function
D)blockage of an artery in or leading to the brain
E)rupture of a cerebral artery