Deck 10: Food and Agriculture

Question 1

Figure 10.4.1
The most important distinction for dividing the world into agricultural regions is

A) whether the product is consumed on or off the farm.
B) whether crops are grown or animals are raised.
C) the location of the first agriculture.
D) the population density of the crop-producing region.
E) All of these are important distinctions.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Figure 10.3.1
If darker shades represent higher values,this is most likely a map of

A) dietary energy consumption.
B) percent of income spent on food.
C) percent undernourished.
D) change in number undernourished.
E) per capita fish consumption.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Figure 10.3.3
If darker shades represent higher values,this is most likely a map of

A) dietary energy consumption.
B) percent of income spent on food.
C) percent undernourished.
D) change in number undernourished.
E) per capita fish consumption.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Figure 10.5.1
Which of the following has aided 20th century commercial farmers in MDCs?

A) transportation improvements
B) scientific advances
C) electronics
D) All of these have aided commercial farmers.
E) None of these have aided commercial farmers.

Question 5

Figure 10.3.4
If darker shades represent higher values,this is most likely a map of

A) dietary energy consumption.
B) percent of income spent on food.
C) percent undernourished.
D) change in number undernourished.
E) per capita fish consumption.

Question 6

Hunting and gathering societies

A) include about 15 percent of the world's people.
B) are found in isolated places in the world.
C) are characterized by large concentrations of people.
D) occur nearly everywhere but are especially common in Europe.
E) are responsible for most of the environmental degradation of the planet.

Question 7

Which statement correctly describes hunting and gathering?

A) All humans obtained their food this way before the invention of agriculture.
B) It is a form of nomadism.
C) This form of subsistence is still practiced.
D) Hunter gatherers live in small groups.
E) All of these are true.

Question 8

Figure 10.5.2
Shifting cultivation is being replaced by

A) logging.
B) cattle ranching.
C) cultivation of cash crops (commercial agriculture).
D) All of these are replacing shifting cultivation.

Question 9

Food consumption varies around the world because of variations in

A) level of economic development.
B) physical conditions.
C) cultural preferences.
D) all of these are responsible for variation in food consumption.

Question 10

Farming varies around the world because of ________ across space.

A) cultural and environmental factors
B) religious and economic factors
C) farmer personal preference and environmental factors
D) weather and climate

Question 11

Figure 10.5.2
If darker shades indicate higher values,this is likely a map of

A) tractors per area of farmland.
B) area of farmland per tractor.
C) farmers per total land area.
D) tractors per total land area.
E) farmers per area of farmland.

Question 12

Figure 10.5.1
If darker shades indicate higher values,this is likely a map of

A) percent labor force engaged in agriculture.
B) tractors per area of farmland.
C) population density.
D) food surpluses by region.
E) economic development.

Question 13

Residents of developed countries rely on ________ as the leading source of protein.

A) meat
B) fish
C) dairy
D) cereal
E) sugar

Question 14

Hunters and gatherers probably began practicing agriculture because of

A) environmental factors.
B) cultural factors.
C) the Industrial Revolution.
D) crop hearths were discovered.
E) a combination of environmental and cultural factors.

Question 15

Figure 10.4.1
The largest use of land near the Equator is

A) intensive subsistence, wet rice dominant agriculture.
B) intensive subsistence, wet rice not dominant agriculture.
C) pastoral nomadism.
D) plantation agriculture.
E) shifting cultivation.

Question 16

In contrast to practitioners of agriculture,hunters and gatherers

A) travel frequently.
B) domesticate animals.
C) live in large groups.
D) live near the center of world settlements.
E) cultivate plants from a variety of hearths.

Question 17

Figure 10.3.4
Undernourishment is most severe in

A) south Asia.
B) east Asia.
C) Latin America.
D) sub-Saharan Africa.
E) eastern Europe.

Question 18

The earliest known domesticated wheat,barley,and rice crops are thought to have originated in Asia

A) 10,000 years ago.
B) 100,000 years ago.
C) 1.1 million years ago.
D) 1,000 years ago.
E) 10 million years ago.

Question 19

Figure 10.5.2
All but which of the following are true of commercial agriculture compared to subsistence agriculture?

A) low percentage of farmers in the labor force
B) farm size
C) heavy use of machinery
D) output consumed on the farm
E) surplus production

Question 20

An important agricultural hearth is

A) southeast Asia.
B) south and central America.
C) sub-Saharan Africa.
D) northern China.
E) All of these are important agricultural hearths.

Question 21

Which type of agriculture is practiced by the largest percentage of the world's people?

A) hunting and gathering
B) shifting cultivation
C) pastoral nomadism
D) intensive subsistence
E) plantation

Question 22

Figure 10.9.1
This figure helps to explain that for the last half century most increase in food production has come from

A) expanding agricultural land.
B) expanding exports.
C) discovering new foods.
D) increasing agricultural productivity.
E) increasing fish harvests.

Question 23

Figure 10.6.3
The agricultural practice most dependent on being close to consumers is

A) mixed crop and livestock farming.
B) livestock ranching.
C) commercial gardening and fruit farming.
D) grain farming.
E) dairy farming.

Question 24

Which is not a form of subsistence agriculture?

A) Mediterranean
B) shifting cultivation
C) pastoral nomadism
D) intensive
E) All of these are forms of subsistence agriculture.

Question 25

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
In the United States many farms are integrated into a large food production industry.This is known as

A) agribusiness.
B) commercial farming.
C) food processing.
D) mechanized farming.
E) mixed crop and livestock farming.

Question 26

Figure 10.6.3
Unlike other forms of commercial agriculture,plantations are

A) part of agribusiness.
B) owned by people in less developed countries.
C) found primarily in less developed countries.
D) situated in densely populated locations.
E) all of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is a typical practice in growing rice in Asia?

A) preparing fields with a plow drawn by oxen
B) flooding the plowed field with water
C) growing seedlings in a nursery
D) transplanting seedlings into the flooded field
E) all of the above

Question 28

Figure 10.6.3
The different areas of the world where Mediterranean agriculture predominates have similar

A) climate.
B) cultural beliefs.
C) broad expanses of flat land along sea coasts.
D) social customs.
E) levels of livestock production with the mixed crop and livestock regions.

Question 29

Figure 10.8.7
This graph indicates which of the following about the global trend in fishing?

A) Despite increased effort, the total fish harvest has barely increased in the last 20 years.
B) More and more fish are being harvested every year.
C) Fish are declining as a source of food.
D) The developing world catches more fish than the developed world.

Question 30

Which type of agriculture is found primarily in less developed countries?

A) Mediterranean
B) plantation
C) truck farming
D) commercial gardening
E) None of these is found in LDCs;they are all commercial agriculture.

Question 31

Figure 10.6.3
If darker shades mean higher values,this is most likely a map of

A) wheat production.
B) pastoral nomadism.
C) plantation agriculture.
D) rice production.
E) shifting cultivation.

Question 32

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
The effect of the river in lengthening the agricultural zones in the diagram on the right is due to

A) the availability of water for irrigation.
B) elevation changes.
C) fishing.
D) defense of the city.
E) the ease of transport by water to the market.

Question 33

Figure 10.6.3
While climate influences every agricultural practice,the form of agriculture most dependent on climate is

A) Mediterranean.
B) mixed crop and livestock farming.
C) dairy farming.
D) grain farming.
E) livestock ranching.

Question 34

The largest proportion of farmers in Asia practice

A) hunting and gathering.
B) intensive subsistence.
C) pastoral nomadism.
D) shifting cultivation.
E) plantation agriculture.

Question 35

Figure 10.8.6
Which of the following is not a commonly proposed strategy to address issues with food supply?

A) expanding agricultural land
B) increasing agricultural productivity
C) increasing employment in fishing
D) improving food sources
E) expanding exports

Question 36

Pastoral nomads

A) are expanding their territory in North Africa and the Middle East.
B) occupy only their own territory, moving with the seasons to find forage and water.
C) occupy different territory each year to find forage and water.
D) consume mostly meat, rather than grain.
E) prefer sheep to goats because sheep require less water and will forage on virtually any vegetation.

Question 37

Shifting cultivation is most commonly found in which climate region?

A) humid low-latitude
B) dry
C) warm mid-latitude
D) cold mid-latitude
E) undifferentiated Highlands.

Question 38

Only about 15 million people are nomads,but they sparsely occupy

A) 20 percent of the earth's land area.
B) 10 percent of the earth's land area.
C) most of the tropical regions of the earth.
D) most of the islands of the south Pacific.
E) 50 percent of the undifferentiated highlands.

Question 39

Which of the following is not an important plantation crop?

A) tobacco
B) sugarcane
C) rice
D) coffee
E) rubber

Question 40

Figure 10.8.6
Based on knowledge acquired previously in this course,this chart indicates that

A) far more people in the developing world are employed in fishing as a percentage of that population but not overall.
B) far more people in the developing world are employed in fishing both as a percentage of that population and overall.
C) far more people in the developing world are employed in fishing in numbers but not as a percentage of that population.
D) more people in the developed world are employed in fishing as a percentage of that population but not overall.
E) The answer cannot be determined from this chart.

Question 41

Subsistence agriculture is designed mainly to generate products for sale off the farm.

Question 42

Ranching is practiced in the dry lands of both more developed and less developed countries.

Question 43

The number of undernourished is decreasing in every world region.

Question 44

Although plantation agriculture is found in developing countries,it is not a form of subsistence agriculture.

Question 45

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
The primary factor in von Thünen's model for choosing commercial farm products is

A) land price.
B) market location.
C) climate.
D) soil character.
E) labor cost.

Question 46

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
________ model is used by geographers to explain the importance of proximity to the market in the choice of crops to the commercial farm.

A) Von Thünen's
B) Whittlesey's
C) Iqbel's
D) McKinley's

Question 47

Crops grown in the mixed crop and livestock region are used primarily to feed animals.

Question 48

Most commercial farms in the United States are owned by large corporations rather than individual families.

Question 49

Developing countries are responsible for a small percentage of the world's milk production.

Question 50

In places where subsistence agriculture is practiced,a high percentage of the labor force works on farms.

Question 51

The green revolution has allowed agricultural production to increase at a rate equal to population growth.

Question 52

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
A principal practice of sustainable agriculture is

A) sensitive land management.
B) limited use of chemicals.
C) better integration of crops and livestock.
D) use of pesticide-resistant seed.
E) all but the use of pesticide-resistant seed are principal practices.

Question 53

Figure 10.10.1: Von Thünen Model
The world leader in land area devoted to organic farming is

A) Australia.
B) the United States.
C) Canada.
D) France.
E) Japan.

Question 54

Mediterranean farming is so named because it is practiced only on land bordering the Mediterranean Sea.

Question 55

Humans have only started to tap the potential food resource of the Earth's fish.

Question 56

There is consensus among scientists that hunters/gatherers converted to agriculture because of the domestication of animals roughly 12,000 years ago.

Question 57

Subsistence agriculture generally makes use of larger farms since the food goes to feed those on the farm.

Question 58

Hunting and gathering is still practiced by some societies today.

Question 59

Residents of developed countries rely mostly on cereals and legumes as a source of protein.

Question 60

Hunting and gathering is still practiced by isolated groups in Africa,Australia,and South America.

Question 61

Why does the consumption of food vary around the world? Use geographic concepts to explain your answer.

Question 62

Compare the distinctive types of agriculture found in the dry lands of more and less developed regions.

Question 63

Prior to the invention of agriculture,how did most people obtain their food?

Question 64

How does commercial agriculture differ from subsistence agriculture? Describe several ways.

Question 65

How is plantation agriculture different from other forms of commercial agriculture?

Question 66

List the four strategies to address food shortages and identify a limitation of each.

Question 67

What is the distinctive type of agriculture practiced in the population concentrations of East and South Asia?

Question 68

Given that the world's fisheries are fully exploited or overfished,explain why fish remains a relatively small part of the human diet.

Question 69

Explain the sustainable agriculture principals and complex management issues of integrated crop and livestock farming.

Question 70

The U.S.government attempts to help farmers because there is a problem of excess production.

Question 71

What is the relationship between agricultural practices and physical geography? Explain.

Question 72

What is the distinctive type of agriculture practiced in the dry lands of less developed countries?

Question 73

In shifting cultivation,how do farmers clear their fields for planting?

Question 74

Sustainable agricultural practices limit the use of herbicides.