Deck 6: Religion

Question 1

Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Lutheranism is an example of a Christian

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A universalizing religion

A) is based on the physical characteristics of a particular location on Earth.
B) appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations.
C) is rarely transmitted through missionaries.
D) has celebrations based on seasonal changes.
E) is less likely to be used as a reason for violence than ethnic religions.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

An ethnic religion is

A) based on only one language.
B) appealing mostly to one group of people in one place.
C) based on belief in one particular spiritual leader.
D) younger than a universalizing religion.

Question 5

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.

Question 6

Which is a branch of Christianity?

A) Druze
B) Eastern Orthodox
C) Shiite
D) Theravadist
E) Judaism

Question 7

The largest branch of Islam in Iran is

A) Druze.
B) Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Sikh.
D) Sunni.
E) Shiite.

Question 8

Of the following religious branches,which one has a single living authority who speaks for the entire branch?

A) Eastern Orthodoxy
B) Theravada Buddhism
C) Shaktism
D) Roman Catholicism
E) Protestantism

Question 9

For many people on Earth,religion serves as a source of

A) key values and beliefs.
B) ethnic identification.
C) material culture.
D) literary tradition.
E) popular culture.

Question 10

Almost 90 percent of people in the Western Hemisphere claim adherence to

A) Christianity.
B) Roman Catholicism.
C) Protestantism.
D) Eastern Orthodoxy.
E) atheism.

Question 11

Which characteristic distinguishes religion in Latin America from North America?

A) having a Roman Catholic majority
B) having a Protestant majority
C) location relative to the Equator
D) Ethnic religions make up the majority in one but not the other.

Question 12

Religion is a particularly good example of the tension between globalization and local diversity because

A) migrants leave their religion behind when they migrate to a new area.
B) many people follow more than one religion.
C) all religions are in competition to convert as many people as possible.
D) religion represents core cultural values and beliefs that may conflict with others.

Question 13

The predominant religion in Latin America is

A) Islam.
B) Catholicism.
C) Protestantism.
D) Animism.
E) Eastern Orthodoxy.

Question 14

The world's largest ethnic religion is

A) Confucianism.
B) Daoism.
C) Hinduism.
D) Shintoism.
E) Islam.

Question 15

Mahayanists,in contrast to Theravadists,emphasize Buddha's

A) life of self-help.
B) compassion.
C) renouncing of worldly goods.
D) wisdom.
E) practice of meditation.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a universalizing religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Sikhism
C) Islam
D) Judaism
E) Christianity

Question 17

Muslims are clustered in

A) sub-Saharan Africa.
B) South America
C) eastern Europe.
D) eastern Asia.
E) north Africa and southwest Asia.

Question 18

What is the holiest book in Hinduism?

A) the Bible
B) the Old Testament
C) the Quran
D) the Amrit
E) none of these answers are correct.

Question 19

The world's largest universalizing religion is

A) Buddhism.
B) Christianity.
C) Hinduism.
D) Islam.
E) Shintoism.

Question 20

Buddhism's 400 million adherents are

A) dispersed around the world.
B) mostly in India and the west coast of North America.
C) concentrated in China and Southeast Asia.
D) distributed in an narrow band from Nepal through North Africa.
E) not divided into any branches.

Question 21

Universalizing religions mostly have in common

A) origins with individual men or prophets.
B) unknown or unclear origins.
C) belief in multiple deities.
D) holy sites in Jerusalem.
E) roots in agricultural practices.

Question 22

Ethnic religions generally have in common

A) some historical person who founded the religion.
B) unknown or unclear origins.
C) multiple deities.
D) a lack of any holy books.
E) precise places of origin.

Question 23

Adherents of which religion controlled much of present-day Spain from the 8th century until 1492,but not since then?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Druze

Question 24

A mosque differs from a church because a mosque

A) is not a sanctified place.
B) is not a place of worship.
C) displays a variety of architectural styles.
D) contains relics of the founder.
E) is decorated with scenes from the life of the founder.

Question 25

The division of Islam into branches resulted from a disagreement

A) over interpretation of the Quran.
B) between northern and southern geographic regions.
C) between Muslims and Christians.
D) between the Shah of Iran and Saddam Hussein.
E) over which of Mohammed's relatives should succeed him.

Question 26

Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S.southwest primarily because of migration of

A) Roman Catholics from Latin America.
B) Roman Catholics from the northeast United States.
C) Roman Catholics from Ireland.
D) Protestants to the north.
E) Protestants to the east.

Question 27

Which of the following is not considered a Christian church?

A) Bahá'í
B) Coptic
C) Armenian
D) Maronite
E) Latter-Day Saints

Question 28

Confucianism and Daoism share a belief in

A) silent meditation.
B) the balance of yin and yang.
C) correct behavior.
D) multiple gods.
E) the agricultural calendar.

Question 29

Baptists are clustered in the ________ United States.

A) northeastern
B) southeastern
C) southwestern
D) upper midwestern
E) Baptists are not spatially clustered.

Question 30

Which of the following is currently the most important religion in the homeland of the man who founded it?

A) Bahá'í
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Shintoism

Question 31

A large and fundamental division within a religion is a

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.

Question 32

The single holiest site in Islam is

A) Madinah
B) Jerusalem
C) Makkah
D) Amritsar
E) the al-Ka'ba

Question 33

Christianity diffused contagiously through

A) the travels of missionaries.
B) the conversion of Emperor Constantine.
C) daily contact between believers and nonbelievers.
D) diffusion through India to Indonesia.
E) merchants traveling to China in the first century.

Question 34

Adherents to the Bahá'í faith have built Houses of Worship on every populated continent

A) to demonstrate the global extent of the religion.
B) because of a religious taboo on crossing oceans.
C) to memorialize the missionary travels of its prophet.
D) to symbolize the five pillars of its faith.
E) all with entrances facing east.

Question 35

Lutherans are clustered in the ________ United States.

A) northeastern
B) southern
C) southwestern
D) upper midwestern
E) northwestern

Question 36

Christianity diffused hierarchically through

A) the travels of missionaries.
B) the conversion of Emperor Constantine.
C) daily contact between believers and nonbelievers.
D) diffusion through India to Indonesia.
E) merchants traveling to China in the first century.

Question 37

Which Christian denomination is known for an ornate,Byzantine style of church?

A) Jehovah's Witness
B) Protestant
C) Catholic
D) Eastern Orthodox
E) Latter Day Saints

Question 38

Unlike other universalizing religions,Buddhism

A) remained concentrated in one region of the world.
B) was not begun by an individual founder.
C) was founded in China.
D) worships more than one god.
E) diffused primarily by colonization.

Question 39

The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions?

A) animist
B) ethnic
C) pagan
D) universalizing
E) all of the above

Question 40

Christianity first diffused from its hearth through

A) contagious diffusion.
B) hierarchical diffusion.
C) relocation diffusion.
D) expansion diffusion.
E) all of the above

Question 41

Figure 6.8.3
The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to

A) remain part of the United Kingdom.
B) migrate to the Republic of Ireland.
C) become part of the Republic of Ireland.
D) join the Irish Republican Army.
E) establish an independent republic.

Question 42

The conflict in Northern Ireland is geographically represented by

A) spatial segregation of religious groups in the capital.
B) the physical landscape creating a division from southern Ireland.
C) long barriers and police checkpoints.
D) street signs in two languages, depending on the dominance of each language.
E) the creation of a demilitarized zone along the border.

Question 43

Figure 6.8.3
This map demonstrates

A) Catholics are clustered in eastern Belfast.
B) Catholics are clustered in western Belfast.
C) Catholics are clustered in Northern Ireland.
D) Protestants are clustered in western Belfast.
E) people are well dispersed by religious adherence.

Question 44

The Jewish calendar

A) does not have a leap year.
B) has nineteen months.
C) is completely out of sync with the seasons.
D) is based on the lunar cycle.
E) features holidays based on the life and death of Jesus.

Question 45

Much of the conflict in Northern Ireland today is an indirect result of

A) the physical geography of the island creating a division.
B) Irish Catholics migrating northward into the territory.
C) the Norman invasion of 1066.
D) migration from southern Europe and north Africa.
E) the English colonization of Ireland.

Question 46

Which is not an ethnic Asian religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Confucianism
C) Shintoism
D) Daoism
E) Hinduism

Question 47

Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) astronomy.
E) polytheism.

Question 48

Animists believe that

A) people should complete God's creation of the Earth.
B) inanimate objects and natural events have spirits.
C) people should make complete use of the Earth's resources.
D) natural disasters are preventable.
E) enlightenment can be achieved by all people.

Question 49

Figure 6.8.3
Palestinians include all but which of the following groups?

A) residents of refugee camps surrounding Israel
B) residents of territories occupied by Israel
C) citizens of other states calling themselves Palestinians
D) Jewish citizens of Israel
E) Muslim citizens of Israel

Question 50

The situation in Northern Ireland is the result of

A) counties in Northern Ireland voting to remain in the United Kingdom.
B) Catholic protest against discrimination by Protestants.
C) British colonial control which contributed to poor economic conditions.
D) violence committed by extreme partisans on both sides.
E) All of the reasons given have contributed to the situation.

Question 51

The Western Wall

A) is a holy site to Jews.
B) is the remains of an ancient temple.
C) is beneath an important Muslim mosque.
D) was once closed to Jews for all but one day each year.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 52

Hindus generally prefer

A) burial near a temple of their choice.
B) burial in a natural setting such as a field or forest.
C) cremation rather than burial.
D) burial with their heads facing north.
E) burial at sea.

Question 53

The belief in the existence of only one god is

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) polytheism.
E) pagan.

Question 54

Figure 6.8.3
The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under

A) a British Mandate.
B) Palestinian administration.
C) Israeli administration.
D) divided administration.
E) United Nations administration.

Question 55

Cremation is more important than burial in which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Judaism

Question 56

Especially important in Daoism is to

A) perform public service.
B) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life.
C) respect forces of nature as divine.
D) believe in one all-powerful God.
E) read the holy texts daily.

Question 57

Figure 6.8.3
Protestants in Ireland are

A) dispersed throughout the island.
B) recent immigrants from Great Britain.
C) highly clustered in one part of the island.
D) highly integrated with the Roman Catholic population.
E) Both A and B are correct.

Question 58

Judaism is classified as an ethnic rather than a universalizing religion,primarily because

A) its main holidays relate to events in the life of its founder, Abraham.
B) it uses a lunar calendar.
C) its rituals derive from the agricultural cycle in Israel.
D) it commemorates the Exodus from Egypt.
E) the holy text is the foundation of the religion.

Question 59

Figure 6.8.3
The territory of Israel has generally ________ since its formation in 1947.

A) grown
B) shrunk
C) remained constant
D) grown, with the exception of the Sinai Peninsula,
E) shrunk, with the exception of the Gaza Strip,

Question 60

Israel has controlled all of Jerusalem since

A) partition of Palestine by the United Nations in 1947.
B) the withdrawal of British rule in 1948.
C) the Arab-Israeli armistice of 1949.
D) the Six-Day War in 1967.
E) the Egyptian and Israeli peace treaty of 1979.

Question 61

The barrier between Israel and the West Bank

A) has been ruled as illegal by both Israeli and international courts.
B) is welcomed by both sides.
C) represents the natural landscape feature of the Jordan River.
D) follows the previous border between Israel and Jordan
E) is more than one thousand miles long.

Question 62

Roman Catholicism is prevalent in eastern Europe,including Romania.

Question 63

Individual ethnic religions generally have more concentrated geographic distributions than universalizing religions.

Question 64

Holy sites in Buddhism are associated with important events in Buddha's life.

Question 65

Catholics in the United States are concentrated in the northeast and southwest.

Question 66

Hinduism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the sixth century B.C.

Question 67

Mahayana is one of the largest branches of Buddhism.

Question 68

Like churches,mosques are consecrated as holy places.

Question 69

Christianity has the most widespread geographic distribution of any religion.

Question 70

Sikhism is an ethnic religion of India.

Question 71

The largest concentration of Eastern Orthodox Christians is in Eastern Europe.

Question 72

Animist beliefs do not allow for a single supreme god.

Question 73

Buddhism is the most important religion in India.

Question 74

Natural landscape features are the holiest places in Islam.

Question 75

Jerusalem's geography represents a particularly difficult religious conflict to resolve because

A) sacred sites to Jews and Muslims are literally built one on top the other.
B) the population of Jerusalem is majority Christian but surrounded by majority Jewish and Muslim populations on either side.
C) the Israeli government has separated the most sacred sites with a massive concrete wall.
D) Israel captured the Sinai peninsula from Egypt.
E) Jews and Muslims have never co-existed peacefully.

Question 76

Religion is a source of core values and beliefs.

Question 77

Bahá'í is a universalizing religion.

Question 78

Lutherans in the United States are concentrated in the southeast.

Question 79

Buddhism diffused along trade routes into eastern Asia,including China.

Question 80

Pilgrimages play a significant role in ethnic religions but not in universalizing religions.