Deck 4: Political Culture and Ideology

Question 1

A person whose primary concerns about government reflect an opposition to most government regulation of business is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)socialist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An economic system characterized by private property, competitive markets, economic incentives, and limited government, involvement in the production, distribution, and pricing of goods and services is called

A)capitalism.
B)robber barons.
C)political ideology.
D)liberalism.
E)conservatism.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A person who believes that government should allow the return of organized prayer in public schoolsis likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)socialist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The textbook lists a number of values shared by most Americans which includes all of the following: liberty, equality of opportunity, deference to aristocracy, individualism, and respect for the common person.

Question 5

The New Right represents a group with a(n) ___________ base.

A)rural
B)economic
C)mystical
D)religious
E)liberal

Question 6

The idea that all people have the right to dignity and worth is called natural rights.

Question 7

Prospectivity refers to

A)the idea that laws should be stated generally and not single out any group or individual.
B)the idea that laws should apply to the present or future and not punish something someone did in the past (before the law was enacted).
C)the idea that laws cannot be kept secret and then enforced.
D)the idea that laws should be enforced impartially and with fair processes.
E)the idea that government is based on a body of law applied equally and by just procedures.

Question 8

According to the authors, no value in the American political culture is more revered than suffrage.

Question 9

U.S.citizens learn about our political culture from schools, the mass media, and our families.

Question 10

Before President Franklin D.Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s there was

A)no Social Security.
B)no FDIC insurance on bank deposits.
C)no unemployment compensation.
D)Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s there was
E)  All of the above

Question 11

Democrats are more likely to be ______________ than Republicans.

A)liberal.
B)moderate.
C)libertarians.
D)socialists.
E)conservative.

Question 12

The idea that the ultimate power resides in the people is called popular sovereignty.

Question 13

What percentage of Americans see themselves as extreme conservatives?

A)2-4%
B)10%
C)15%
D)25%
E)Over 25%

Question 14

Political scientist Robert A.Dahl described the implications of the high degree of inequality in the distribution of wealth brought about by the new economic order which replaced the previously agrarian society.It was swept onto the U.S.scene by

A)  capitalism.
B)robber barons.
C)political ideology.
D)liberalism.
E)  conservatism.

Question 15

The American Dream remains an unfulfilled dream as evidenced by

A)the fact that the gap between the rich and the poor has grown in recent years.
B)sharp income differences between white Americans and African Americans.
C)the permanent existence of an underclass in the form of impoverished families.
D)children who are malnourished because of poverty.
E)All of the above

Question 16

The term that refers to the widely shared beliefs, values, and norms concerning the relationship of citizens to government and to one another is

A)ideology.
B)belief system.
C)patriotic idealism.
D)political culture.
E)suffrage.

Question 17

A consistent pattern of beliefs about political values and the role of government is called

A)capitalism.
B)robber barons.
C)political ideology.
D)liberalism.
E)conservatism.

Question 18

In its current U.S.usage, liberalism refers to a belief in

A)limited government involvement in economic issues.
B)creation of the welfare state.
C)democratic socialism.
D)the positive uses of government to bring about justice and equality of opportunity.
E)keeping government small and allowing market forces to manage the economy.

Question 19

Democratic and civic habits of discussion, compromise, and respect for differences, which grow out of participation in voluntary organizations, are referred to as

A)suffrage.
B)social capital.
C)political culture.
D)natural rights.
E)popular sovereignty.

Question 20

The textbook lists a number of values shared by most Americans.These include all of the following EXCEPT

A)liberty.
B)equality of opportunity.
C)deference to aristocracy.
D)individualism.
E)respect for the common person.

Question 21

In contrast to contemporary liberals, conservatives want to keep government limited EXCEPT in the area of defense.

Question 22

That laws should NOT single out any one group of people is referred to by the textbook as the rule of

A)generality.
B)prospectivity.
C)publicity.
D)authority.
E)due process.

Question 23

When the Great Depression began we had

A)unemployment compensation.
B)bank deposit guarantees.
C)regulation of security exchanges.
D)the vote for women.
E)Social Security.

Question 24

A nation's political culture is comprised of

A)widely shared beliefs toward government.
B)shared values of how citizens relate to government.
C)shared values of how citizens relate to one another.
D)widely shared behavior toward government.
E)All of the above

Question 25

American political culture includes all of the following EXCEPT

A)liberty.
B)economic equality.
C)self-government.
D)economic individualism.
E)equal opportunity.

Question 26

The Christian Coalition was founded by Jimmy Carter.

Question 27

The idea that laws should be enforced impartially and with fair processes is called

A)generality
B)prospectivity.
C)publicity.
D)authority.
E)due process.

Question 28

Most people in the United States support an economic system that is

A)pure free market capitalism.
B)semi-regulated or a mixed free enterprise system.
C)highly regulated by the government.
D)democratic.
E)unregulated by government.

Question 29

U.S.citizens learn about our political culture from

A)family.
B)schools.
C)churches, mosques, and synagogues.
D)mass media.
E)All of the above

Question 30

To adhere to the rule of law, governments should follow these rules EXCEPT

A)generality.
B)prospectivity.
C)publicity.
D)force.
E)due process.

Question 31

Social conservatives believe that the government should continue the constitutional separation of church and state.

Question 32

Traditional conservatives opposed the New Deal programs of the 1930s, opposed the War on Poverty in the 1960s, opposed civil rights legislation, and opposed affirmative action regulations.

Question 33

The rule of law refers to

A)the rights of all people to dignity and worth.
B)the belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
C)widely shared attitudes about government and its values, procedures, documents, and institutions.
D)an enduring sense of group identity or consciousness that derives from cultural, historic, linguistic, or political forces.
E)the idea that government is based on a body of law applied equally and by just procedures.

Question 34

U.S.political culture includes widely shared attitudes about government and its values, procedures, documents, and institutions, collectively called

A)the democratic consensus.
B)majority rule.
C)nationalism.
D)the rule of law.
E)the American Dream.

Question 35

American political culture influences politics by

A)affecting what people regard as desirable.
B)influencing how people vote.
C)influencing what politicians say during the campaign season.
D)providing solutions to policy problems.
E)All of the above

Question 36

The right to private property is

A)not very important to most Americans.
B)one of the economic incentives that motivates Americans to embrace capitalism.
C)more attainable to middle-income citizens in Europe.
D)granted in the Constitution.
E)None of the above

Question 37

Causes of the Great Depression include all of the following EXCEPT

A)unrestrained capitalism.
B)antitrust legislation.
C)unregulated markets.
D)no federal regulation of the stock market.
E)bank failures.

Question 38

A consistent pattern of beliefs about political values and the role of government is called a political ideology.

Question 39

A widespread belief that the United States is a land of opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success is called

A)the democratic consensus.
B)majority rule.
C)nationalism.
D)the rule of law.
E)the American Dream.

Question 40

The most important source for children learning about American political culture is the

A)peer group.
B)school.
C)family.
D)mass media.
E)church.

Question 41

Libertarianism is a political ideology that

A)wants government to regulate the economy.
B)insists on sharply limited government.
C)thinks that government behaves responsibility.
D)seeks government regulation of social programs.
E)supports laws to regulate personal morality.

Question 42

U.S.socialists tend to favor

A)limited government.
B)government ownership of all property.
C)an expanded role for government.
D)increased defense spending.
E)market deregulation.

Question 43

Conservatives have indicated their opposition to civil rights by

A)opposing 1960s social legislation.
B)limiting the activity of the courts to enforce laws.
C)failing to acknowledge the extent of racism and sexism in the United States.
D)limiting the activity of the executive branch to enforce regulations.
E)All of the above

Question 44

A person who believes that government should engage in centralized planning of the economy in is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)communist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Question 45

Social conservatives believe that the government should

A)impose social controls upon U.S.citizens.
B)allow wide freedom of action by U.S.citizens.
C)support affirmative action initiatives to redress discrimination.
D)allow any adult to marry as he or she pleases.
E)continue the constitutional separation of church and state.

Question 46

In 2004 referenda in 13 states defining marriage as between a man and a woman

A)all failed.
B)all passed.
C)passed in Southwestern states but failed in the South.
D)passed in Northeastern states but failed in the South.
E)passed in the Southern states but failed in the Northeast.

Question 47

Canada and most of the Western European democracies

A)have been more influenced by socialism than has the United States.
B)have been less influenced by socialism than has the United States.
C)transitioned from communism to democracy with the fall of the Soviet Union
D)have become more socialist over the past ten years.
E)are actually socialist governments.

Question 48

The major criticism leveled against conservatives is that they

A)are naïve.
B)are misinformed.
C)favor big government when it suits their needs.
D)often don't live up to their own standards.
E)don't care about the poor or powerless in the U.S.

Question 49

The median household income is highest among

A)Whites.
B)Asians.
C)Hispanics.
D)Blacks.
E)Native Americans.

Question 50

The philosopher who described socialism as a transitional stage between capitalism and communism was

A)Thomas Hobbes.
B)John Locke.
C)Karl Marx.
D)Joseph Stalin.
E)Al Smith.

Question 51

A person who believes that government needs to intervene to correct the defects of capitalism is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)socialist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Question 52

A person who believes that government should institute a public jobs program so that all who want to work can work is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)socialist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Question 53

The Vietnam War had the effect of

A)strengthening citizens' support of the government.
B)creating a sense of disillusionment with government.
C)creating a new political party.
D)changing support of the government very little.
E)stabilizing support of social programs.

Question 54

The economic and governmental system based on public ownership of the means of production and exchange is called

A)socialism.
B)feudalism.
C)libertarianism.
D)capitalism.
E)democracy.

Question 55

Today, traditional conservatives tend to be opposed to all of the following EXCEPT

A)antitrust legislation.
B)environmental regulations.
C)trade regulations.
D)lower taxes.
E)financial market regulation.

Question 56

Free enterprise is no longer unbridled as evidenced by all of the following EXCEPT

A)antitrust laws.
B)job safety regulations.
C)environmental standards.
D)right-to-work laws.
E)minimum wage.

Question 57

The Libertarian Party would do away with

A)the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
B)the Central Intelligence Agency.
C)the Food and Drug Administration.
D)absolutely all government regulation.
E)All of the above

Question 58

A person who opposes all government regulation, including, for example, mandatory seatbelt and helmet laws, is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)traditional conservative.
C)socialist.
D)social conservative.
E)libertarian.

Question 59

Anti-government sentiment in recent presidential elections is related to all the following EXCEPT

A)Vietnam.
B)Watergate.
C)sexual and financial misconduct by political leaders.
D)the response to Hurricane Katrina.
E)the September 11ᵗʰ terrorist attacks.

Question 60

In 2010, the Supreme Court

A)reversed earlier court decisions and allowed corporations to spend their general funds as independent expenditures in federal elections.
B)reversed earlier court decisions and prohibited corporations from spending their general funds as independent expenditures in federal elections.
C)upheld earlier court decisions and allowed corporations to spend their general funds as independent expenditures in federal elections.
D)upheld earlier court decisions and prohibited corporations from spending their general funds as independent expenditures in federal elections.
E)refused to review the case concerning corporations' use of general funds as independent expenditures in federal elections.

Question 61

One of the first rights to be won in America was the right to vote by all, regardless of gender or race.

Question 62

Traditional conservatives

A)opposed the New Deal programs of the 1930s.
B)opposed the War on Poverty in the 1960s.
C)opposed civil rights legislation.
D)opposed affirmative action regulations.
E)All of the above

Question 63

The major criticism of liberals is that they

A)will destroy individual initiative and thereby economic growth.
B)are naïve.
C)are better at diagnosing problems than providing substantial policies and programs.
D)are misinformed.
E)are nonreligious.

Question 64

Natural rights are the rights of all people to dignity and worth.

Question 65

As a political force, the Christian Coalition

A)has become much less prominent in recent years.
B)has become slightly less prominent in recent years.
C)has become slightly more prominent in recent years.
D)has become much more prominent in recent years.
E)has never been of much importance.

Question 66

Most people in the United States support an economic system that is pure free market capitalism.

Question 67

Since 1993

A)Republicans have made large gains in the South.
B)Democrats have made large gains in the South.
C)Republicans have made large gains in the Northeast.
D)Republicans have made large gains in the Midwest.
E)Democrats have made large gains in the Midwest.

Question 68

To adhere to the rule of law governments should use force.

Question 69

Which is true?

A)Liberals outnumber conservatives, but their proportion did not increase in the 1980s and 1990s.
B)Conservatives outnumber liberals, but their proportion did not increase in the 1980s and 1990s.
C)Liberals outnumber conservatives, and their proportion increased in the 1980s and 1990s.
D)Conservatives outnumber liberals, and their proportion increased in the 1980s and 1990s.
E)Libertarians outnumber liberals, and their proportion increased in the 1980s and 1990s.

Question 70

Before President Franklin
D.Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s there was no unemployment compensation or federal regulation of the stock market.

Question 71

What percentage of Americans see themselves as extreme liberals?

A)2-3%
B)10%
C)15%
D)25%
E)Over 25%

Question 72

A person who opposes government regulation of business is likely to be a

A)liberal.
B)conservative.
C)socialist.
D)communist.
E)libertarian.

Question 73

A general description of political ideology in the United States is that

A)about 50% of Americans are liberal.
B)most people have a mixed set of opinions that do not neatly coincide with the terms liberal and conservative.
C)most Americans are liberal.
D)ideology plays no role in politics.
E)approximately 50% identify as conservative, but observers seeing this number growing in the next decade.

Question 74

Which of the following attributes is NOT associated with contemporary liberalism?

A)Government can bring about justice
B)Government should promote equality of opportunity
C)Government should not be involved in providing health care
D)Government needs to remedy the defects of capitalism
E)None of the above is associated with contemporary liberalism

Question 75

The Christian Coalition was founded by

A)Jimmy Carter.
B)Pat Robertson.
C)Ralph Reed.
D)Jesse Jackson.
E)James Dobson.

Question 76

Majority rule is the belief that ultimate power resides in the people.

Question 77

Democratic consensus is the agreement on fundamental principles of democratic governance.

Question 78

Which party has been on the ballot in all 50 states in recent presidential elections without gaining more than 1% of the vote?

A)Socialist
B)Republican
C)Libertarian
D)Democrat
E)None of the above

Question 79

Liberals

A)are likely to use government to maintain order.
B)shy away from government action.
C)favor government intervention to foster equality.
D)favor small government.
E)All of the above

Question 80

Communism is still intact in

A)the Czech Republic.
B)Cuba.
C)Poland.
D)Albania.
E)Russia.