Deck 2: Origins and Future of Communitypublic Health Nursing

Question 1

Which person established population-based objectives and used statistics to show that specific interventions dramatically decreased the death rate by 51%?

A)C.E.A.Winslow
B)Lemuel Shattuck
C)Florence Nightingale
D)John Snow

Answer 1

Florence Nightingale

Question 2

A community/public health nurse is working for a local health department.Which of the following would be an appropriate goal for the nurse?

A)Assessing clients in their own home environment
B)Caring for whole families,not just individuals
C)Improving health over the long term for families
D)Striving for social betterment

Answer 2

Striving for social betterment

Question 3

A district nurse in England during the 1860s was providing care for the community.With which of the following groups would the nurse most likely have interacted?

A)Church clergy
B)Business owners
C)Lobbyists
D)Government officials

Answer 3

Church clergy

Question 4

A nurse works in an outpatient clinic.The care that the nurse provides is considered to be community-based because this term

A)Emphasizes the environment of care.
B)Describes care provided by nongovernmental employees.
C)Implies care that is provided to the very poor.
D)Is used by physicians and other health care professionals.

Question 5

A nurse supports Nursing's Agenda for Health Care Reform.For which of the following actions would the nurse advocate?

A)Availability of third-party reimbursement to advanced-practice nurses under Medicare and Medicaid
B)Employment by local health departments of nurses to teach aggregates at high risk how to avoid health problems
C)Physicians's ability to employ additional nurses in their practice to improve patients' compliance with medical regimens
D)Permission to state governments to pay public health nurses to develop health promotion projects for communities

Question 6

Why would a nurse who was practicing in the 1900s have been considered to be part of the "golden age" of public health?

A)Antibiotics were discovered to fight infections.
B)Federal,state,and local funding to public health departments increased.
C)Pasteurization of milk and public water and sewage systems began.
D)Major plagues with high death rates had been stopped.

Question 7

A public health nurse is addressing problems in the community.What would be the nurse's primary concern?

A)Collecting and analyzing data
B)Assuring sufficient standard of living for clients
C)Providing direct care to clients living in the community
D)Assisting clients and families in adapting to their circumstances

Question 8

Who emphasized that public health must be concerned with the standard of living of citizens?

A)C.E.A.Winslow
B)Lemuel Shattuck
C)Florence Nightingale
D)John Snow

Question 9

A public health nurse newly employed by a local health department learns that the focus of her practice will be to prevent illness in the community.Why does the focus of practice not include the treatment and care of ill patients?

A)Ill people prefer to get care from physicians or in hospitals.
B)People do not trust public health department personnel.
C)Physicians have voiced opposition for fear of loss of income.
D)Visiting nurses associations are becoming part of health departments.

Question 10

Who was the first person to recognize the importance of the environment by noting that cholera rates were much higher among persons who drank water from a particular well?

A)C.E.A.Winslow
B)Edwin Chadwick
C)Lemuel Shattuck
D)John Snow

Question 11

What occurred as a result of industrialization?

A)People from lower socioeconomic classes were able improve their socioeconomic positions.
B)Problems such as overcrowding and disease developed.
C)Products were individualized to meet customers' unique needs.
D)Taxes for roads and other community services increased.

Question 12

During World War I,three acute care (hospital-based)nurses were hired to work in an industrial setting.What would have been a reason for their change of practice? (Select all that apply.)

A)Philanthropy from industrial business owners was encouraged.
B)Collective bargaining contracts required a nurse to be on site.
C)Efficiency and productivity improved if workers were at the workplace.
D)Employers feared the movement toward collective bargaining.
E)Legislation requiring employers to have first aid services was passed.
F)The National Safety Council required that a nurse teach first aid to staf

Question 13

A district nurse working with William Rathbone was visiting homes of persons suffering from contagious disease.Which of the following nursing interventions probably would have been implemented?

A)Providing information to family members without providing direct care
B)Assessing the client who was suffering from the disease
C)Donating money,food,bedding,and supplies to the families of the ill person
D)Referring the client and family to community resources

Question 14

A nurse has recently been hired by a school to fulfill the role of the school nurse.What was the reason for the initial development of this specialty nursing practice?

A)In-school treatment reduced absenteeism.
B)Nurses were cheaper to employ than additional teachers.
C)In-school treatment was cost effective.
D)Nurses knew when to send young children home.

Question 15

For what is Clara Barton primarily known?

A)Helping found the American branch of the Red Cross
B)Exemplifying excellent military strategy skills
C)Working at the U.S.Patent Office
D)Facilitating reforms in prisons and mental institutions

Question 16

A nurse working in 1965 wondered how passage of the Medicare and Medicaid legislation would change health care in the United States.Which of the following accurately describes an outcome of this legislation?

A)It decreased the separation between government funding and private physicians.
B)It provided federal intervention for previous state responsibilities.
C)It helped the public realize that some persons had not been getting care.
D)It allowed the federal government to finance health care services.

Question 17

A nurse was working with William Rathbone and other social reformers to improve care in the homes of poor residents.What barrier was this nurse likely to have encountered?

A)Poor persons did not want nurses to enter their homes.
B)Providing home care to the poor was not accepted by the community.
C)Wealthy community members were reluctant to donate money for these services.
D)There were not enough nurses to provide adequate services.

Question 18

A public health nurse is discussing disaster planning in relation to bioterrorism preparedness with members of the county board of health.Which of the following topics is likely to be addressed?

A)Selection of drugs that should be stockpiled for future use
B)Limited resources for managing bioterrorism and day-to-day expenses
C)Inconsistencies in systems for distributing supplies to areas of need
D)Need for ongoing education for public health professionals

Question 19

With what aspect of the population being served have both nursing and public health always been most concerned?

A)Financial resources
B)Political beliefs
C)Religious faith
D)Social and physical environments

Question 20

How did Nightingale demonstrate the effectiveness of providing nursing care to soldiers?

A)Persuading military officers that clean air was necessary for the ill soldiers
B)Using biostatistics to demonstrate decline in death rates
C)Improving the living quarters for the injured soldiers
D)Bringing ranked officers of the military to see the improvements

Question 21

A nurse in the early twentieth century visited the homes of mothers with newborns.Which of the following would have been appropriate nursing interventions? (Select all that apply.)

A)Ensuring that the mothers complied with physician prescriptions
B)Referring the families to the Women,Infants,and Children program (WIC)
C)Administering the immunizations required by state law
D)Promoting breast-feeding
E)Supervising formula preparation and feeding
F)Teaching mothers how to care for and feed their infants

Question 22

A community/public health nurse refers to Healthy People 2020 when providing community-based education.What is the significance of this document? (Select all that apply.)

A)It clarifies the importance of hospitals in community-based care.
B)It expands on what kinds of care the federal government is willing to fund.
C)It explains the federal goals for improved health of the nation.
D)It provides a guide for nurses when they speak with the public.
E)It specifies how federal health care funds will be spent.
F)It emphasizes appropriate nursing interventions when direct client care is provided.

Question 23

What are the basic goals of Healthy People 2020? (Select all that apply.)

A)Recognizing health disparities among all populations
B)Promoting healthy behaviors among all persons
C)Attaining high-quality,longer lives for all persons
D)Developing a plan for quality care for all clients
E)Achieving health equity for all groups
F)Creating environments that promote good health for all persons

Question 24

A nurse was employed by the Frontier Nursing Service in the 1940s.What is significant about this agency? (Select all that apply.)

A)It paid nurses considerably more than persons in urban staff positions.
B)It had the first nurse-midwives and taught midwifery to others.
C)Its nurses improved sanitation efforts in rural communities.
D)Its nurses collected data to demonstrate nursing effectiveness.
E)It employed nurses who traveled by horseback through the mountains.
F)Its nurses continue to provide care even today.