Deck 16: Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Question 1

The diagnosis for croup is frequently made based on history and physical examination.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the role of the registered respiratory therapist in managing a patient with epiglottitis
I)Maintain normal resting ventilator settings.
II)Assess arterial blood gases.
III)Check for cuff leaks.
IV)Administer minimal circuit changes.
V)Extubate within the first week of intubation.

A)I, III, IV, and V
B)I, II, and III
C)III, IV, and V
D)I, II, III, IV, and V

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What laboratory values are affected when epiglottitis is present
I)Elevated leukocyte Counts
II)Negative blood cultures
III)Positive blood cultures
IV)Elevated creatinine
V)Elevated gluCose level

A)II, III, and IV
B)II and IV
C)III and V
D)I and III

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What are the classic presentations of croup
I)Harsh barking Cough
II)High-grade fever
III)Respiratory distress
IV)Levels of stridor
V)Raspy, hoarse voice

A)II, III, and V
B)I, III, IV, and V
C)I, II, and IV
D)I, II, III, IV, and V

Question 5

What is angioedema

A)A noncancerous growth that forms as a result of an abnormal Collection of blood vessels
B)An allergic reaction that causes rapid swelling just below the skin
C)Swelling in the larynx above the vocal Cords
D)Swelling at the aryepiglottic folds of muCous membranes

Question 6

Epiglottitis classically affects what age group of children

A)6 months to 5 years old
B)1 to 6 years of age
C)2 to 5 years of age
D)Infancy to 18 months

Question 7

Currently, what form of intubation is preferred for epiglottitis

A)Tracheostomy
B)CriCothyroidotomy
C)Oral intubation
D)Nasotracheal intubation

Question 8

Which of the following is a classic sign of epiglottitis

A)Dysphagia
B)Drooling
C)Dysphonia
D)Dyspnea

Question 9

What are the four Ds for epiglottitis
I)Dysphagia
II)Drooling
III)Dyspnea
IV)Dysphonia
V)Discharge
VI)Deterioration of glottis

A)I, II, III, and IV
B)I, III, IV, and VI
C)II, IV, V, and VI
D)I, II, III, and V

Question 10

Historically, what is the most Common cause of epiglottitis

A)Group A StreptoCoccus pneumoniae
B)Klebsiella pneumoniae
C)Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
D)StaphyloCoccus aureus

Question 11

What Complication most often occurs in Conjunction with bacterial tracheitis

A)Aspiration
B)Adult respiratory distress syndrome
C)Pneumonia
D)Pulmonary edema

Question 12

All of the following are treatment options for croup except:

A)Heliox
B)Oxygen
C)Racemic epinephrine
D)Antibiotic therapy
E)CortiCosteroid therapy

Question 13

Children with bacterial tracheitis usually present with which of the following signs
I)High-grade fever
II)Cough
III)Stridor
IV)Sudden onset of symptoms

A)I and III
B)I, II, and IV
C)I, II, and IV
D)II and III

Question 14

When intubation is indicated for bacterial tracheitis, what is significantly notable in regard to the endotracheal tube (ETT)

A)ETT needs to be larger than normally chosen for age to acCount for inflammation process.
B)ETT needs to be smaller than normally chosen for age to acCount for inflammation process.
C)There are no special delineations to acCount for.
D)Never intubate via the ETT, a tracheostomy is always reCommended in these cases.

Question 15

What CortiCosteroid is most Commonly used in the treatment of croup

A)Prednisone
B)Beclomethasone
C)Fluticasone
D)Dexamethasone

Question 16

What information does the Westley croup sCore provide

A)Classifies the level of severity of respiratory impairments in children with croup
B)Classifies the Condition the patient presents with in the emergency department
C)Rates the child's level of Consciousness and advancement of Condition
D)Characterizes the level of edema in the airway

Question 17

Which of the following are the most frequent etiologic agents associated with 80% of all croup
I)Parainfluenza I
II)Parainfluenza II
III)Parainfluenza III
IV)Respiratory syncytial virus
V)Adenovirus

A)IV only
B)IV and V
C)I, II, and III
D)I, II, III, IV, and V

Question 18

A definitive diagnosis for epiglottitis includes which of the following

A)Direct visualization of red swollen epiglottitis under laryngosCopy
B)BronchosCopy
C)Tongue depressor visualization only
D)Lateral neck radiograph

Question 19

What is Considered the most definitive way to diagnose bacterial tracheitis

A)Arterial blood gas
B)Direct visualization and bronchosCopy
C)Blood cultures
D)Neck radiograph

Question 20

An epiglottitis patient typically presents in which position

A)Prone
B)Side up with head hanging low
C)Supine with chin up and mouth open
D)Tripod position

Question 21

The mortality rate for patients with bacterial tracheitis has dramatically increased since the 1900s.

Question 22

Females tend to present with bacterial tracheitis more often than do males.