Deck 8: Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Question 1

Significant progress has been made in developing therapies to slow the progression of necrotizing enteroColitis.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What laboratory tests are essential to diagnose the presence of necrotizing enteroColitis
I)Complete blood Count
II)Basic metabolic panel
III)C-reactive protein
IV)Electrolyte panel
V)Clotting function
VI)Abdominal radiograph
VII)Blood cultures

A)I, II, III, and IV
B)I, III, IV, V, and VI
C)II, IV, V, VI, and VII
D)I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What settings on a Conventional ventilator are frequently adjusted by a registered respiratory therapist when managing the pulmonary Complications of necrotizing enteroColitis
I)Increase in positive end-expiratory pressure
II)Increase in peak airway pressure
III)Decrease in positive end-expiratory pressure
IV)Decrease in peak airway resistance pressure

A)I and IV
B)II and III
C)I and II
D)II and IV

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Vascular endothelial growth factor medication is effective in halting development of retinopathy of prematurity in which of the following situations
I)As a rescue therapy when surgery does not produce adequate regression
II)In Combination therapy with laser surgery
III)As solitary treatment
IV)As a preventative to low birth weight in infants

A)I, III, and IV
B)I, II, III, and IV
C)II, III, and IV
D)I, II, and III

Question 5

Which of the following can a registered respiratory therapist employ to most effectively assess the quality of lung inflation in a patient with necrotizing enteroColitis

A)Monitor breath sounds.
B)Monitor peak inspiratory pressure.
C)Evaluate pressure-volume loops.
D)Evaluate flow-volume loops.

Question 6

Which of the following are options to treat a patient who presents with patent ductus arteriosus with pulmonary edema on chest radiograph
I)Consider high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.
II)Increase positive end-expiratory pressure.
III)Administer exogenous surfactant.
IV)Administer oxygen.

A)II, III, and IV
B)I, II, III, and IV
C)I and II
D)III and IV

Question 7

Mechanically ventilated patients with a patent ductus arteriosus present what additional challenge for registered respiratory therapists

A)Respiratory distress syndrome
B)Pulmonary interstitial emphysema
C)Necrotizing enteroColitis
D)Pulmonary edema

Question 8

What factors can alter cerebral blood flow
I)Patent ductus arteriosus with shunting
II)Hypoxemia
III)Coagulopathy
IV)Alkalosis
V)Adrenal sufficiency

A)I, III, and V
B)II, IV, and V
C)I, II, and III
D)II, III, and IV

Question 9

You are caring for a mechanically ventilated neonate at risk of developing intraventricular hemorrhage.Choose the best practice guidelines for this patient. I.Synchronized mode of ventilation
II)Adjust peak inspiratory pressure to maintain pH 7.45-7.55, PaCO₂ 40-45 mm Hg, and tidal volume within normal limits.
III)Adjust peak inspiratory pressure to maintain pH 7.25 to 7.35, PaCO₂ 40-55 mm Hg, and tidal volume within normal limits.
IV)Tidal volume 6-8 mL/kg
V)Respiratory rate 30-60 breaths/minute
VI)I-time 0.3-0.4 seCond
VII)Positive end-expiratory pressure 5-10 cm H₂O

A)I, II, V, and VII
B)I, III, V, and VI
C)II, IV, V, and VI
D)II, V, VI, and VII

Question 10

What three risk factors are associated with necrotizing enteroColitis in term infants
I)Umbilical catheters
II)Exchange transfusions
III)Polycythemia
IV)Hyperoxia at time of delivery
V)Increase in interstitial fluid pressure

A)I, III, and IV
B)III, IV, and V
C)I, II, and III
D)II, III, and V

Question 11

Which of the following can be used in the management of an infant with necrotizing enteroColitis
I)DeCompression of bowel
II)Replacement of blood products
III)IV antibiotics
IV)Total parenteral nutrition
V)IV prostaglandin inhibitor

A)I, III, and V
B)I, III, IV, and V
C)I, II, III, and IV
D)I, IV, and V

Question 12

What percentage of infants who develop necrotizing enteroColitis require surgical intervention

A)10% to 15%
B)20% to 30%
C)20% to 40%
D)50%

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding fatalities in patients diagnosed with necrotizing enteroColitis

A)They tend to die within the first 2 weeks of diagnosis.
B)They tend to die within 7 days of diagnosis.
C)They tend to die within the first month of diagnosis.
D)They tend to die the first day of diagnosis.

Question 14

How many hours does it take the ductus arteriosus to close Completely in a healthy term baby

A)72 hours
B)48 hours
C)24 hours
D)12 hours

Question 15

What is the goal of ventilatory support for a patient with necrotizing enteroColitis

A)Oxygen delivery to tissues
B)DeCompression of the bowel
C)Managing apnea episodes
D)Parenteral nutrition

Question 16

Which of the following are not clinical signs of necrotizing enteroColitis
I)Bradypnea
II)Tachypnea
III)Increase work of breathing
IV)Apnea
V)Ascites
VI)Cyanosis

A)I, III, and V
B)II, III, and IV
C)I, V, and VI
D)II, III, IV, and V

Question 17

When does a patent ductus arteriosus usually present in an infant

A)Immediately at birth (within first hour of life)
B)Within 48 hours of life
C)After the first month of life
D)After the first week of life

Question 18

When managing a mechanically ventilator patient with intraventricular hemorrhage, what values should a registered respiratory therapist be most Concerned with
I)PaCO₂
II)PaO₂
III)pH
IV)HCo₃

A)I, II, III, and IV
B)I, III, and IV
C)I and III
D)III only

Question 19

What are steps the health-care team can implement to minimize the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage
I)Delay Cord clamping 30 to 120 seConds after delivery.
II)Immediate delivery
III)Prenatal steroids
IV)Pressure Control ventilation only
V)Monitor hemodynamic values.
VI)Pressure Control ventilation and Controlled mandatory ventilation

A)II, III, and IV
B)I, V, and VI
C)II, IV, and V
D)I, II, III, IV, V, and VI

Question 20

How is patent ductus arteriosus treated
I)Surgical ligation
II)Decrease in fluid intake
III)Indomethacin
IV)IV ibuprofen
V)Treating hypoxemia

A)I, II, III, IV, and V
B)I, II, IV, and V
C)II, III, IV, and V
D)I, II, and III

Question 21

In patients with necrotizing enteroColitis, there is a direct link to the amount of bowel removed to their likelihood of survival.

Question 22

When patent ductus arteriosus is not responsive to medical therapy, the risk of death beComes greater.

Question 23

The number of patients with retinopathy of prematurity in the developed world has reduced drastically since the introduction of new patient care technology.

Question 24

The risk of cerebral palsy in patients with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage is significantly higher for 24 week gestation infants.

Question 25

It is highly unlikely for an intraventricular hemorrhage to develop in the first week of life.