Deck 36: The Infant and Family

Question 1

In terms of gross motor development,what would the nurse expect a 5-month-old infant to do?

A)Roll from abdomen to back.
B)Roll from back to abdomen.
C)Sit erect without support.
D)Move from prone to sitting position.

Answer 1

Roll from abdomen to back.

Question 2

Which statement best describes the infant's physical development?

A)Anterior fontanel closes by age 6 to 10 months.
B)Binocularity is well established by age 8 months.
C)Birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year.
D)Maternal iron stores persist during the first 12 months of life.

Answer 2

Birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year.

Question 3

An appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation is:

A)Playing peek-a-boo.
B)Playing pat-a-cake.
C)Imitating animal sounds.
D)Showing how to clap hands.

Answer 3

Playing peek-a-boo.

Question 4

The parents of a 9-month-old infant tell the nurse that they have noticed foods such as peas and corn are not completely digested and can be seen in their infant's stool. The nurse bases her explanation on knowing that:

A)Child should not be given fibrous foods until digestive tract matures at age 4 years.
B)Child should not be given any solid foods until this digestive problem is resolved.
C)This is abnormal and requires further investigation.
D)This is normal because of the immaturity of digestive processes at this age.

Question 5

The nurse is doing a routine assessment on a 14-month-old infant and notes that the anterior fontanel is closed. This should be interpreted as:

A)A normal finding.
B)A questionable finding-infant should be rechecked in 1 month.
C)An abnormal finding-indicates need for immediate referral to practitioner.
D)An abnormal finding-indicates need for developmental assessment.

Question 6

What behavior indicates that an infant has developed object permanence?

A)Recognizes familiar face such as mother
B)Recognizes familiar object such as bottle
C)Actively searches for a hidden object
D)Secures objects by pulling on a string

Question 7

Most infants begin to fear strangers at age:

A)2 months
B)4 months
C)6 months
D)12 months

Question 8

At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?

A)1 month
B)2 months
C)3 months
D)4 months

Question 9

The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth. The nurse should expect the infant to now weigh approximately:

A)10 pounds
B)15 pounds
C)20 pounds
D)25 pounds

Question 10

At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

A)4 months
B)6 months
C)8 months
D)10 months

Question 11

According to Piaget,the 6-month-old infant would be in what stage of the sensorimotor phase?

A)Use of reflexes
B)Primary circular reactions
C)Secondary circular reactions
D)Coordination of secondary schemata

Question 12

Latasha is a breastfed infant being seen in the clinic for her 6-month checkup. Her mother tells the nurse that she recently began to suck her thumb. The best nursing intervention is to:

A)Recommend that the mother substitute a pacifier for her thumb.
B)Assess Latasha for other signs of sensory deprivation.
C)Reassure the mother that this is very normal at this age.
D)Suggest that the mother breastfeed Latasha more often to satisfy sucking needs.

Question 13

In terms of fine motor development,the infant of 7 months should be able to:

A)Transfer objects from one hand to the other.
B)Use thumb and index finger in crude pincer grasp.
C)Hold crayon and make a mark on paper.
D)Release cubes into a cup.

Question 14

The best play activity for a 6-month-old infant to provide tactile stimulation is to:

A)Allow to splash in bath.
B)Give various colored blocks.
C)Play music box,tapes,or CDs.
D)Use infant swing or stroller.

Question 15

The nurse is interviewing the father of 10-month-old Megan. She is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says "No" firmly and removes her from near the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father that Megan:

A)Is old enough to understand the word "No."
B)Is too young to understand the word "No."
C)Should already know that electrical outlets are dangerous.
D)Will learn safety issues better if she is spanked.

Question 16

Sara,age 4 months,was born at 35 weeks' gestation. She seems to be developing normally,but her parents are concerned because she is a "more difficult" baby than their other child,who was term. The nurse should explain that:

A)Infants' temperaments are part of their unique characteristics.
B)Infants become less difficult if they are not kept on scheduled feedings and structured routines.
C)Sara's behavior is suggestive of failure to bond completely with her parents.
D)Sara's difficult temperament is the result of painful experiences in the neonatal period.

Question 17

By what age does the posterior fontanel usually close?

A)6 to 8 weeks
B)10 to 12 weeks
C)4 to 6 months
D)8 to 10 months

Question 18

By what age should the nurse expect that an infant will be able to pull to a standing position?

A)6 months
B)8 months
C)11 to 12 months
D)14 to 15 months

Question 19

What information could be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age?

A)Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation.
B)Place cradle gym across crib to facilitate fine motor skills.
C)Provide child with finger paints to enhance fine motor skills.
D)Provide stick horse to develop gross motor coordination.

Question 20

A 3-month-old infant,born at 38 weeks of gestation,will hold a rattle if it is put in her hands,but she will not voluntarily grasp it. The nurse should interpret this as:

A)Normal development.
B)Significant developmental lag.
C)Slightly delayed development caused by prematurity.
D)Suggestive of a neurologic disorder such as cerebral palsy.

Question 21

The clinic is lending a federally approved car seat to an infant's family. The nurse should explain that the safest place to put the car seat is:

A)Front facing in back seat.
B)Rear facing in back seat.
C)Front facing in front seat with airbag on passenger side.
D)Rear facing in front seat if an air bag is on the passenger side.

Question 22

The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs. The nurse's reply should be based on knowing that:

A)The child is too young to digest hot dogs.
B)The child is too young to eat hot dogs safely.
C)Hot dogs must be sliced into sections to prevent aspiration.
D)Hot dogs must be cut into small,irregular pieces to prevent aspiration.

Question 23

Austin,age 6 months,has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is:

A)Normal tooth eruption.
B)Delayed tooth eruption.
C)Unusual and dangerous.
D)Earlier-than-normal tooth eruption.

Question 24

The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby's formula faster. The nurse should recommend to:

A)Never heat a bottle in a microwave oven.
B)Heat only 10 ounces or more.
C)Always leave bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
D)Shake bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Question 25

A mother tells the nurse that she doesn't want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. The nurse should explain that:

A)This cannot be prevented.
B)Infants do not feel pain as adults do.
C)This is not a good reason for refusing immunizations.
D)A topical anesthetic,eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA),can be applied before injections are given.

Question 26

In terms of gross motor development,what would the nurse expect a 5-month-old infant to do? Choose all that apply.

A)Roll from abdomen to back
B)Put feet in mouth when supine
C)Roll from back to abdomen
D)Sit erect without support
E)Move from prone to sitting position
F) Adjust posture to reach an object

Question 27

When is the best age for solid food to be introduced into the infant's diet?

A)2 to 3 months
B)4 to 6 months
C)When birth weight has tripled
D)When tooth eruption has started

Question 28

The parent of 2-week-old Sarah asks the nurse if Sarah needs fluoride supplements because she is exclusively breastfed. The nurse's best response is:

A)"She needs to begin taking them now."
B)"They are not needed if you drink fluoridated water."
C)"She may need to begin taking them at age 6 months."
D)"She can have infant cereal mixed with fluoridated water instead of supplements."

Question 29

Parents tell the nurse that their 1-year-old son often sleeps with them. They seem unconcerned about this. The nurse's response should be based on knowing that:

A)Children should not sleep with their parents.
B)Separation from parents should be completed by this age.
C)Daytime attention should be increased.
D)This is a common and accepted practice,especially in some cultural groups.

Question 30

The nurse notices that a 10-month-old infant being seen in the clinic is wearing expensive,inflexible,high-top shoes. The nurse should explain that:

A)Soft and flexible shoes are generally better.
B)High-top shoes are necessary for support.
C)Inflexible shoes are necessary to prevent in-toeing and out-toeing.
D)This type of shoe will encourage the infant to walk sooner.

Question 31

A mother tells the nurse that she is discontinuing breastfeeding her 5-month-old infant. The nurse should recommend that the infant be given:

A)Skim milk.
B)Whole cow's milk.
C)Commercial iron-fortified formula.
D)Commercial formula without iron.

Question 32

Pacifiers can be extremely dangerous because of the frequency of use and the intensity of the infant's suck. In teaching parents about appropriate pacifier selection,the nurse should explain that a pacifier should have which characteristics? Choose all that apply.

A)Easily grasped handle
B)One-piece construction
C)Ribbon or string to secure to clothing
D)Soft,pliable material
E)Sturdy,flexible material