Deck 20: Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System

Question 1

Xanax,Valium,Versed,and Ativan are examples of

A)barbiturates.
B)opioids.
C)benzodiazepines.
D)antidepressants.

Answer 1

benzodiazepines.

Question 2

Benzodiazepines are used to

A)relieve anxiety.
B)produce analgesia.
C)control psychotic illnesses.
D)treat diarrhea.

Answer 2

relieve anxiety.

Question 3

Alcohol affects the central nervous system as a(n)

A)stimulant.
B)depressant.
C)antidepressant.
D)no effect.

Answer 3

depressant.

Question 4

This group of agents can depress the respiratory system,causing the patient to stop breathing.

A)Opiates
B)Benzodiazepines
C)Barbiturates
D)Antidepressants

Question 5

The hypothalamus is located in the

A)cortex.
B)midbrain.
C)brainstem.
D)spinal cord.

Question 6

In the brain,the control area for autonomic functions such as breathing is located in the

A)cortex.
B)midbrain.
C)medulla.
D)reticular activating system.

Question 7

Morphine,codeine,Dilaudid,Demerol,and Darvon all are examples of

A)opioids.
B)barbiturates.
C)antidepressants.
D)NSAIDs.

Question 8

Abrupt withdrawal after prolonged use of alcohol may result in

A)liver failure.
B)respiratory failure.
C)coma.
D)delirium tremens.

Question 9

Barbiturates are indicated for

A)reducing anxiety.
B)seizure control.
C)inducing sleep in infants.
D)reversal of anesthesia.

Question 10

Your patient is a 6-year-old boy with a common childhood febrile illness (e.g. ,the flu).Which NSAID should be avoided because of its risk of Reye syndrome?

A)Tylenol
B)Naprosyn
C)Aspirin
D)Advil

Question 11

The most commonly used method to assess pain is to

A)watch the patient's reactions.
B)ask the patient's spouse.
C)measure patient vital signs.
D)use a analog pain scale.

Question 12

One of the most common psychiatric disorders and a major cause of disability worldwide is

A)psychosis.
B)depression.
C)suicidal tendencies.
D)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Question 13

Barbiturates are often avoided because of which of the following effects?
1)High risk of abuse
2)Rapid development of tolerance
3)Increased seizure activity
4)High risk of addiction
5)Toxic potential

A)1 and 4 only
B)1,3,and 5 only
C)1,2,4,and 5 only
D)1,2,3,4,and 5

Question 14

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)means

A)patients can have as much opioid as they want.
B)patients inform the nurse when they need pain control.
C)patients self-administer a predetermined dose of opioid at set intervals.
D)patients are taught to meditate to reduce pain.

Question 15

Pain is

A)easy to measure.
B)experienced at the same threshold by all patients.
C)subjective and unpleasant.
D)always well controlled.

Question 16

Prozac and Zoloft are examples of

A)antidepressants.
B)mild tranquilizers.
C)barbiturates.
D)opioids.

Question 17

Most cases of depression are believed to be caused by

A)increased activity of norepinephrine neurons.
B)genetic factors.
C)family or social environment.
D)reduced activity of norepinephrine neurons.

Question 18

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)are used to

A)relieve depression.
B)treat moderate pain.
C)reduce seizure activity.
D)induce sleep.

Question 19

Major problems with the administration of NSAIDs are

A)gastric irritation and ulceration.
B)headache and coma.
C)pancreatitis and cholecystitis.
D)addiction and abuse.

Question 20

Opioids are characterized by which of the following?
1)Highly addictive
2)Known as narcotic agents
3)Used to treat moderate to severe pain
4)Produce euphoria
5)Derived from dandelion flowers

A)1 and 2 only
B)3,4,and 5 only
C)1,2,3,and 4 only
D)1,2,3,4,and 5

Question 21

Your 20-year-old patient has just been admitted through the emergency department with a blood alcohol level of 520 mg/dl.What potential side effect of alcohol overconsumption should you be most concerned about?

A)Disinhibition
B)Nausea and vomiting
C)Abusive behavior
D)Respiratory arrest

Question 22

You are working in the ED when EMS brings an 83-year-old female who was found unresponsive by her husband.She recently broke her ankle and was prescribed Dilaudid.Her husband states she also takes Vicodin for arthritis pain.What medication should you administer?

A)Ultram
B)Demerol
C)Epinephrine
D)Naloxone

Question 23

Guidelines for conscious sedation suggest which of the following?
1)At least three qualified people must be continually present during the sedation period.
2)One person must have sole responsibility of monitoring of the patient and recording vital signs.
3)Resuscitation equipment must be immediately available.
4)Assessment of oxygenation,ventilation,and temperature maintenance is necessary.

A)2 and 3 only
B)1,2,and 3 only
C)1,2,and 4 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 24

________ refers to the pharmacologic modification of painful and frightening experiences during medical procedures.

A)General anesthesia
B)Conscious sedation
C)Deep sedation
D)Local anesthesia

Question 25

Your 75-year-old patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)and bipolar disorder is experiencing tremors,cognitive slowing,and polyuria.His medications include Combivent,Advair,and lithium.Which drug is most likely to be causing his symptoms?

A)Combivent
B)Advair
C)Lithium
D)None of these medications

Question 26

Analeptic drugs would be used for treatment of which of the following?
1)Respiratory failure
2)Narcolepsy
3)Barbiturate overdose
4)Obesity
5)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A)2 and 3 only
B)1,3,and 4 only
C)1,2,4,and 5 only
D)1,2,3,4,and 5

Question 27

Your 68-year-old patient with coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease (status post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery)has a history of gastric ulcers.Which nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)could you safely recommend he use at home?

A)Aspirin
B)Ibuprofen
C)Acetaminophen
D)A and B

Question 28

Your 82-year-old patient has just been discharged from the hospital with a prescription for oxycodone.About what potential side effects of opioids should you advise her?
1)Respiratory depression
2)Nausea and vomiting
3)Constipation
4)Uncontrollable coughing

A)2 and 3 only
B)1,2,and 3 only
C)1,2,and 4 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 29

Pain control by blocking transmission of the pain impulse from the damaged area is achieved through the use of

A)narcotics.
B)local anesthetics.
C)general analgesics.
D)spinal blocks.

Question 30

Your 24-year-old patient has just been admitted through the emergency department with a drug overdose.You observe the physician administering flumazenil.What possible drug did your patient overdose on?

A)Xanax
B)Lithium
C)Depakote
D)Tylenol

Question 31

________ refers to the use of a mixture of agents to achieve the anesthetic state.

A)General anesthesia
B)Conscious sedation
C)Balanced anesthesia
D)Local anesthesia