Deck 13: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control

Question 1

An example of a vector is:

A) Contaminated water
B) A tick
C) A dirty needle
D) An infected person

Answer 1

A tick

Question 2

Requirements for disease reporting in the United States are mandated by:

A) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC )
B) Federal laws
C) State laws and regulations
D) The World Health Organization ( WHO )

Answer 2

State laws and regulations

Question 3

A nurse is working in a health department when a patient arrives who has been traveling to South America and has been diagnosed with malaria.The nurse knows:

A) The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report should be consulted to investigate the rate of malaria in the United States.
B) This is a disease that must be reported to the state health department.
C) The nurse should take precautions to wear a mask and gown to avoid exposure.
D) The patient is very ill and should be sent to the hospital immediately.

Answer 3

This is a disease that must be reported to the state health department.

Question 4

A nurse is presenting information to the county health department about potential bioterrorism threats.Which of the agents would the nurse discuss in this presentation?

A) Smallpox
B) West Nile Virus
C) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
D) Novel influenza A H1N1

Question 5

When one case of smallpox occurs in a population in which it was considered to be previously eliminated,it is called:

A) Endemic
B) An epidemic
C) Pandemic
D) Infectivity

Question 6

A nurse is providing education to a mother about the importance of having her infant immunized for measles,mumps,and rubella.This immunization will provide what type of immunity?

A) Active
B) Passive
C) Natural
D) Acquired

Question 7

Immunity is a characteristic of the:

A) Agent factor
B) Host factor
C) Environmental factor
D) Epidemiologic triad

Question 8

The most common vector-borne disease in the United States is:

A) Malaria
B) Yellow fever
C) Lyme disease
D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Question 9

A public health nurse understands that the emergence of new infectious diseases is influenced by the:

A) Increased availability of immunizations
B) Globalization of food supplies
C) Decreased use of child care facilities
D) Creation of sanitation systems in third world countries

Question 10

The time interval between invasion by an infectious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms of the disease is called:

A) Communicable period
B) Incubation period
C) Infectiousness
D) Pathologic reaction

Question 11

West Nile Virus is an example of which of the following types of illness?

A) Foodborne
B) Vectorborne
C) Waterborne
D) Zoonoses

Question 12

A nurse is providing information to a local newspaper about the presence of infectious diseases in the United States.Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

A) "It is the goal of the World Health Organization to prevent the transmission of the plague by avoiding direct contact with inflicted individuals."
B) "Rabies is easily spread by contact with animals."
C) "Polio has been eliminated in the United States since 1994."
D) "The onset of tularemia is characterized by a distinct skin lesion often called a bull's-eye lesion."

Question 13

An example of an agent is:

A) Host resistance
B) Virus
C) Infectiousness
D) Bug bite

Question 14

Which situation describes the role of a nurse being involved in surveillance?

A) Educating clients about influenza immunizations
B) Collecting information about occurrence of measles
C) Evaluating the effectiveness of a HIV/AIDS prevention program
D) Advocating for changes in the national disease reporting requirements

Question 15

The nurse teaches food handlers to wash utensils after contact with raw meat.This prevention focuses on the:

A) Agent
B) Host
C) Environment
D) Food handler

Question 16

An example of a vertical transmission of a disease is through:

A) Breast milk
B) Sexual transmission
C) Mosquitoes
D) Contaminated food

Question 17

When caring for a client with methicillin-resistant S.aureus ( MRSA ),the community health nurse should know:

A) Persons with MRSA usually have a chronic illness.
B) MRSA is a hospital-acquired infection and not often seen in the community.
C) VRE ( vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) follows MRSA.
D) MRSA is becoming more common in the community.

Question 18

Rabies post-exposure immunization is an example of which of the following levels of prevention with regard to infectious disease interventions?

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Assessment

Question 19

The ability of an agent to produce a severe pathologic reaction is known as:

A) Antigenicity
B) Invasiveness
C) Toxicity
D) Virulence

Question 20

The nurse provides footwear and gloves to leprosy clients to prevent trauma to their insensitive and deformed hands and feet.This is an example of ____ prevention.

A) A primary level of
B) A secondary level of
C) A tertiary level of
D) Primary health care

Question 21

A community health nurse investigates an outbreak of pinworm at a local day care center.What suggestions would the nurse give to the day care workers?

A) Close the day care until all surfaces are cleaned.
B) No action is necessary because it is easily treated with oral vermicides.
C) Using good hand washing is important to prevent the transmission.
D) Every child in the day care should be treated because they all are probably infected.

Question 22

Which elements of surveillance does a nurse use? Select all that apply.

A) Mortality registration
B) Epidemic field investigation
C) Laboratory reporting
D) Individual case investigation
E) None of above

Question 23

Adoption of universal precautions by health care workers is an example of:

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Specific protection

Question 24

Which strategy would be the most appropriate for a public health nurse to use to increase the immunization coverage of infants and toddlers?

A) Read the Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report to learn about vaccinations.
B) Require that children have all their immunizations before going to public school.
C) Track children known to be at risk for underimmunization.
D) Lead teams of health care workers to enforce laws related to immunizations.

Question 25

What is the best method for preventing hospital-acquired infections?

A) Perform good hand washing before and after approaching every patient.
B) Prevention is almost impossible due to the high infection rates in hospitals.
C) Isolate every patient having surgery.
D) Use contact isolation for every patient at risk.

Question 26

Which information is important for the nurse to know about preventing and controlling parasitic infections?

A) The medication to prescribe to treat these infections
B) The nature and symptoms of all parasitic illnesses
C) What specimens to collect and how and when to collect them
D) Public policy about parasitic infections

Question 27

Food intoxication is caused by:

A) Toxins produced by bacterial growth and chemical contaminants
B) Bacterial, viral, or parasitic invasion of food
C) Overcooking of meat and produce
D) Adding too many spices or ingredients to food