Deck 10: Crimes Against Persons II: Sex Offenses, bodily Injury, and Personal Restraint

Question 1

​Assault and battery are the same crime.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

​Stalking,although an ancient practice,is a new crime.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

​False imprisonment is a lesser form of personal restraint than kidnapping.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Criminal sex conduct statutes eliminated the corroboration requirements.​

Question 5

​The crime of rape was once punishable by death.

Question 6

​According to the threat-of-force requirement,prosecutors have to prove that the victim experienced both subjective and objective fear of imminent,serious bodily harm.

Question 7

​The force requirement of modern rape law requires actual,physical force.

Question 8

​The vast majority of rape victims are raped by strangers.

Question 9

​Domestic violence crimes have always been a criminal justice problem.

Question 10

​Modern court opinions have relaxed the strict definitions of rape.

Question 11

​Rape is a general-intent crime.

Question 12

​Rape law reform began seriously in the 1970s.

Question 13

​Common law rape required both lack of consent and force or threat of force.

Question 14

​Statutory rape is a strict liability crime in most states.

Question 15

​Almost all rapes are reported to police.

Question 16

​Voluntary and knowing consensual sexual behavior between two adults is legal,healthy,and desired.

Question 17

​Conditional threats to a victim are sufficient to establish the crime of assault.

Question 18

​Even under a "no means no" definition of rape,many people believe that "no" can often mean "yes" or "maybe" when consenting to sexual contact.

Question 19

​Most states allow the defense of reasonable mistake of age in statutory rape cases.

Question 20

​Minors can't legal consent to sexual conduct.

Question 21

​According to existing law,rape doesn't have to leave any visible marks.

Question 22

​To know that crimes against persons boil down to three types: taking a life,unwanted sexual invasions,and bodily injury.

Question 23

​False imprisonment is a specific-intent crime.

Question 24

​Since the 1970s,rape laws have been reformed by

A) ​the creation of the marital exception.
B) ​limiting the offense to vaginal penetration.
C) ​relaxing the prompt reporting rule.
D) ​relaxing the non-consent element.

Question 25

​In common law rape trials,victim credibility relied upon which of the following?

A) ​the victim's chastity
B) ​prompt reporting of the rape
C) ​witness corroboration
D) ​the victim's chastity,prompt reporting of the rape,and witness corroboration

Question 26

​The crime of stalking does not require physical injury.

Question 27

​Rape shield statutes

A) ​prohibit introducing evidence of victims' past conduct.
B) ​provide for the death penalty for rape.
C) ​prohibit cross examination of the rape victim.
D) ​protect the defendant from prejudicial pretrial publicity.

Question 28

​False imprisonment is a greater form of personal restraint than kidnapping.

Question 29

​Violence in intimate relationships is limited to one socioeconomic group.

Question 30

​It's exceedingly difficult to prove every element of what crime?

A) ​statutory rape
B) ​aggravated rape
C) ​simple rape
D) ​acquaintance rape

Question 31

​Aggravated rape is rape by strangers or individuals with weapons who physically injure their victims.

Question 32

​Force beyond that required to complete sexual penetration or contact is

A) ​not always required to satisfy the force requirement in rape.
B) ​always required to satisfy the force requirement in rape.
C) ​never required to satisfy the force requirement in rape.
D) ​required to satisfy the force requirement in rape 90% of the time.

Question 33

​In some cases,rape can be accomplished without any extrinsic force.

Question 34

​Regarding statutory rape,only Alaska and California allow for mistake of age as a defense.

Question 35

​Which of the following was true of the common law definition of rape?

A) ​It was very narrowly defined.
B) ​It was very broadly defined.
C) ​It did not require force.
D) ​It included marital rape.

Question 36

​Cultural values and social norms influence the perception of rape at all stages of the criminal justice system.

Question 37

​Statutory rape is what kind of crime in most states?

A) ​strict liability
B) ​vicarious liability
C) ​specific intent
D) ​general intent

Question 38

​What kind of crime is rape?

A) ​strict liability
B) ​vicarious liability
C) ​specific intent
D) ​general intent

Question 39

​One of the most critical problems in sex offenses is to distinguish flirting and seduction from

A) ​sexual assault.
B) ​assault.
C) ​stalking.
D) ​kidnapping.

Question 40

​There are basically four types of crimes against persons.Which of these is not one of those types?

A) ​taking a life
B) ​unwanted sexual invasions
C) ​embezzlement
D) ​personal restraint

Question 41

​Which crime of rape involves an adult having sex with a child,even if the child consented?

A) ​forcible
B) ​common law
C) ​minority
D) ​statutory

Question 42

​Sexual penetration for force or threat is what element of modern rape law?

A) ​the mens rea
B) ​the actus reus
C) ​the corroboration
D) ​both the mens rea and the actus reus

Question 43

​Today,in most jurisdictions,rape includes how many elements?

A) ​three
B) ​two
C) ​four
D) ​five

Question 44

​Why are rape and other sexual assaults different from all other felonies?

A) ​because under other circumstances,the behaviors connected with them are legal,healthy and desired
B) ​because under other circumstances,the behaviors connected with them are legal
C) ​because under other circumstances,the behaviors connected with them are healthy
D) ​because under other circumstances,the behaviors connected with them are desired

Question 45

​What fear test have most states adopted from the Model Penal Code to evaluate the harm caused to the stalking victim?

A) ​subjective and objective
B) ​subjective
C) ​objectively reasonable
D) ​objective

Question 46

​What crime is second only to murder in being regarded as the most serious crime?

A) ​rape
B) ​kidnapping
C) ​stalking
D) ​frotteurism

Question 47

​A battery is

A) ​unwanted and unjustified offensive touching.
B) ​unwanted and unjustified offensive assault.
C) ​assault.
D) ​aggravated assault.

Question 48

​Asportation is one of the elements of kidnapping.Asportation means

A) ​confining.
B) ​suffocating.
C) ​restraining.
D) ​carrying away.

Question 49

​Rape by strangers or individuals with weapons who physically injure their victims is

A) ​simple rape.
B) ​aggravated assault.
C) ​aggravated rape.
D) ​attempted murder.

Question 50

​Which of the following is true of the crime of rape?

A) ​Rape is a general-intent crime.
B) ​Rape is a specific-intent crime.
C) ​All types of rape require force.
D) ​Statutory rape is the most common type of rape.

Question 51

​Kidnapping and false imprisonment both violate what right?

A) ​the right of locomotion
B) ​the right of freedom of movement
C) ​the right of transformation
D) ​the right of freedom from penetration

Question 52

​An assault is a threatened or attempted

A) ​rape.
B) ​mayhem.
C) ​aggravated battery.
D) ​battery.

Question 53

​What is the most common type of rape?

A) ​acquaintance rape
B) ​statutory rape
C) ​stranger rape
D) ​aggravated rape

Question 54

​Research related to cultural cognition theory suggests which of the following?

A) ​Cultural cognition impacts the society's view of what qualifies as rape.
B) ​Cultural cognition has no impact on society's view of what qualifies as rape.
C) ​Cultural cognition,or how group values influence individuals' interpretations of facts,impacts the society's view of stalking.
D) ​Cultural cognition has no impact on society's view of stalking.

Question 55

​To satisfy the threat-of-force requirement in a sexual assault trial,the prosecution must show that the victim honestly feared imminent and serious harm and

A) ​there is corroboration of the assault.
B) ​the attacker brandished a weapon.
C) ​the victim resisted the threat.
D) ​the victim's fear was reasonable under the circumstances.

Question 56

Domestic violence crimes have been transformed from a private concern to a criminal justice problem since what decade?​

A) ​since the early 1970s
B) ​since the early 1960s
C) ​since the early 1980s
D) ​since the early 1990s

Question 57

​How do most traditional rape statutes define "rape"?

A) ​intentional sexual penetration by force
B) ​sexual penetration by force without consent
C) ​intentional sexual penetration by force without consent
D) ​intentional sexual penetration without consent

Question 58

​The seriousness of sex offenses under the reform laws of the 1970s and 1980s is graded according to what criteria?

A) ​penetration and contacts
B) ​physical injury to the victim or not
C) ​forcible and nonconsensual
D) ​The seriousness of sex offenses under the reform laws of the 1970s and 1980s is graded according to all of these criteria.

Question 59

​In states that recognize the defense of "reasonable mistake of age" in statutory rape prosecutions,what is the mens rea with regard to the circumstance of age?

A) ​intent
B) ​purpose
C) ​knowing
D) ​negligence

Question 60

​What crime is it when a person uses the Internet,e-mail,or other electronic communication devices to stalk another person?

A) ​misdemeanor stalking
B) ​attempted assault
C) ​cyberstalking
D) ​cyber-assault

Question 61

​Modern interpretations of the asportation actus reus in the crime of kidnapping

A) ​hold that the victim must be carried several miles away from the place where he or she was seized.
B) ​require that the victim be taken across county lines.
C) ​have made the requirement meaningless.
D) ​have been removed from most statutes.

Question 62

​It's almost impossible to get details about which kind of rape victims?

A) ​males
B) ​children
C) ​females
D) ​gay victims

Question 63

​What crime has Yule committed against Theresa?

A) ​simple rape
B) ​aggravated rape
C) ​unarmed acquaintance rape
D) ​domestic violence

Question 64

​What was the "dirty secret" that resulted in reforms in sex offense law?

A) ​The vast majority of rape victims are raped by men they know.
B) ​The vast majority of rape victims are underage.
C) ​The vast majority of rape victims are raped by men strangers.
D) ​The vast majority of rape victims are raped by teenagers.

Question 65

​Which of the following is sometimes true of rape victims?

A) ​They doubt their own innocence.
B) ​They blame themselves for what happened.
C) ​They doubt their own innocence and blame themselves for what happened.
D) ​None of these is true of rape victims.

Question 66

​What are the only two sex offenses originally recognized by criminal law?

A) ​rape and sodomy
B) ​rape and frotteurism
C) ​rape and oral sex
D) ​rape and statutory rape

Question 67

​What is the definition of carnal knowledge?

A) ​simple rape
B) ​aggravated rape
C) ​statutory rape
D) ​vaginal sexual intercourse

Question 68

​Nonconsensual sex between individuals who are known to one another is called

A) ​unarmed acquaintance rape.
B) ​aggravated acquaintance rape.
C) ​aggravated rape.
D) ​statutory rape.

Question 69

Which of the following can courts consider when determining if a victim's fear was reasonable?​

A) ​the respective ages of the perpetrator and the victim
B) ​the physical sizes of the perpetrator and the victim
C) ​the physical setting of the assault.
D) ​courts consider all of these when determining if a victim's fear was reasonable

Question 70

​Based on the information provided,what crime would Omar most likely be charged with?

A) ​false imprisonment
B) ​simple kidnapping
C) ​aggravated kidnapping
D) ​aggravated false imprisonment

Question 71

​Why is rape considered to be such a serious crime?

A) ​Rape violates intimacy and autonomy.
B) ​Rape violates intimacy.
C) ​Rape violates autonomy.
D) ​Rape violates women.

Question 72

​The crime Carlos committed is a bad result crime.What is the bad result in this crime?

A) ​placing victims in fear
B) ​placing victims in danger
C) ​placing victims in awkward situations
D) ​placing victims in neglect

Question 73

​Which of the following facts would elevate Omar's crime to a more serious offense?

A) ​He planned to rape Jasmine's eight-year-old daughter.
B) ​He planned to blackmail Jasmine for the return of her eight-year-old daughter.
C) ​He planned to torture Jasmine's eight-year-old daughter.
D) ​All of these facts would elevate Omar's crime to a more serious offense.

Question 74

Domestic violence crimes since the early 1970s have been transformed from a private concern to a​

A) ​criminal justice problem.
B) ​mental health problem.
C) ​social services problem.
D) ​legislative problem.

Question 75

​What is the essential difference between assault and battery?

A) ​There is no difference today.
B) ​Battery requires no physical contact.
C) ​Assault requires physical contact.
D) ​Assault requires no physical contact.

Question 76

​In statutory rape,what substitutes for force?

A) ​omission
B) ​neglect
C) ​immaturity
D) ​recklessness

Question 77

​What kind of crime is kidnapping?

A) ​strict liability
B) ​vicarious liability
C) ​specific intent
D) ​inchoate

Question 78

​The crime Carlos committed is called

A) ​cyberstalking.
B) ​stalking.
C) ​kidnapping.
D) ​attempted rape.

Question 79

​The case of State in the Interest of S.M.I.resulted in what judicially created rule?

A) ​honest mistake of age
B) ​no means no
C) ​threat of force
D) ​intrinsic force

Question 80

​Stalking includes which of the following?

A) ​intentional scaring
B) ​tormenting or harassing
C) ​intentional scaring and tormenting or harassing
D) ​none of these