Deck 7: Marriage

Question 1

Laws forbidding interracial marriage, which continued to exist at the state level until 1967, are called:

A)interracial laws.
B)interethnic laws.
C)homogamous laws.
D)civil union laws.
E)antimiscegenation laws.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

During Colonial America, marriage:

A)was often polygamous.
B)was allowed between two women, but never two men.
C)among Native Americans was often based on polyandry.
D)was usually arranged.
E)had a different structure or set of norms between Whites and Native Americans.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following post-industrial developments gave young adults more control over the growth and development of their relationships?

A)Women's rights supporters advocated peer marriage.
B)The Thirteenth Amendment was passed.
C)States began to regulate marriage and family relationships.
D)The young started spending more time at school and at leisure.
E)Women began to work outside the home in the same numbers as men.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following examples reveals the macro-level nature of marriage?

A)Kinh and Ngan-Lien have a peer marriage.
B)Harry and Claudia have been married for 63 years.
C)Elizabeth and Ethan cannot get married because she is only 15.
D)Isabella and Leonid have a lot of conflict in their marriage.
E)Vikas and Pratima have a devitalized marriage.

Question 5

Rosa, a Mexican-American woman, just married Garrett, a Caucasian man. She is bilingual (Spanish and English)and Garrett speaks only English. They worry that this might cause a bit of a problem when he meets her grandparents, who do not speak English well. This is an example of what type of marriage?

A)peer marriage
B)devitalized marriage
C)heterogamous marriage
D)legacy preference marriage
E)vital marriage

Question 6

Anna and Erika live in New York, and the law there forbids them to marry. This represents an example of:

A)the macro-side of marriage.
B)the marriage premium.
C)a selection effect.
D)covenant marriage.
E)the marital decline perspective.

Question 7

Which group today is most likely to believe that the main purpose of marriage is "to bear and raise children" instead of "for mutual benefit and fulfillment"?

A)Blacks
B)Hispanics
C)persons age 30-49
D)all adults
E)persons age 65 and older

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE about marriage?

A)About half of societies begin marriage with a publicly recorded ceremony, and the ceremony can be either festive or somber.
B)Love is the primary basis for marriage in virtually every country.
C)In some countries it is acceptable, and even desirable, to marry your sibling.
D)Islamic wedding receptions are strictly segregated by sex, with men and women celebrating in different rooms.
E)Same-sex couples are allowed to legally wed in most states.

Question 9

According to recent research, couples marrying today are less likely to have different ________.

A)levels of education
B)religious beliefs.
C)political views
D)) cultural backgrounds
E)ethnic backgrounds

Question 10

Sean believes that marriage is increasingly threatened by the hedonistic pursuit of personal happiness at the expense of long-term commitment. His views represent:
a)the marital decline perspective.
b)the peer marriage perspective.
c)the marriage movement perspective.
d)the vital marriage perspective.
e)the marital resilience perspective.
Answer A
TB_7_11_ How does the marital decline perspective compare with the marital resilience perspective?, LO4, How does the marital decline perspective compare with the marital resilience perspective?,

Question 11

The marriage between Roderick and Scherazade, as shown in the opening vignette, shows us that:

A)marriage between a Muslim and a Christian has a unique set of challenges.
B)a good marriage is the result of shared values, commitment, and communication.
C)a devitalized marriage can still be happy.
D)a peer marriage does not work.
E)same-sex marriages are similar to heterosexual marriages.

Question 12

Cultures try to control the development of love by many different mechanisms.Which one is practiced in the United States?

A)child marriage
B)relative freedom
C)kinship rules
D)segregation
E)The United States does not try to control the development of love.

Question 13

According to recent research, which of the following individuals would be LEAST likely to have a positive attitude towards intermarriage?

A)Julia, a graduate student
B)Nelson, a Latino high school student
C)Edward, a retired senior
D)Rick, a liberal activist
E)David, a lawyer living in Boston

Question 14

Leslie believes that marriages are not really weaker than they were in the past. She thinks that the real threats to marriage are social problems such as poverty, discrimination, poor schools, or the lack of social services that families need to remain strong and resilient. Her views represent:

A)the marital decline perspective.
B)the peer marriage perspective.
C)the marriage movement perspective.
D)the vital marriage perspective.
E)the marital resilience perspective.

Question 15

Which of the following is a positive consequence of delayed marriage?

A)a higher birth rate
B)a higher rate of home ownership
C)a lower divorce rate
D)a lower rate of foreclosure
E)a decrease in out-of-wedlock births

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why governments have an interest in marriage?

A)Most cultures view marriage as a public ceremony.
B)Society views marriage as a stabilizing force.
C)Married couples are more likely to be conservative.
D)Governments need to endorse a specific set of religious values.
E)Lavish weddings are a part of American culture.

Question 17

Married people in the United States:

A)are almost twice as likely to report being "happy" as are unmarried adults.
B)are less likely to report being "happy" as compared to unmarried adults.
C)experience micro-level features of marriage, but do not experience macro-level features.
D)are marrying at younger ages than they were a generation ago.
E)are more likely to want children then they did a generation ago.

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to marriage rates?

A)The number of people who remain unmarried throughout their lives has remained relatively the same throughout history.
B)About three-quarters of Whites (age 15 and over)are married.
C)Compared to Whites or Blacks, Hispanics have the lowest rates of marriage.
D)Marriage rates for Whites and Blacks have increased between 1995 and 2009, but have declined for Hispanics.
E)Women (age 15 and over)are more likely to be married than are men.

Question 19

Public support for same-sex civil unions has __________ and support for same-sex marriage has __________ over the past five years.

A)increased; decreased
B)decreased; decreased
C)increased; increased
D)remained the same; decreased
E)increased; remained the same

Question 20

Which is true about same-sex marriage?

A)Massachusetts was the first state to legalize same-sex marriage.
B)About 15 percent of adults support legalizing same-sex marriage.
C)Civil unions offer the same set of rights and privileges as marriage does.
D)Women, Whites, and people age 30-49 are most likely to support same-sex marriage.
E)Fewer people supported same-sex marriage in 2009 than they did in 2005.

Question 21

The idea that men benefit from marriage to a greater degree than do women has been nicknamed by Jessie Bernard:

A)passive-congenial marriage.
B)his and her marriage.
C)power and control marriage.
D)feminine and masculine worldviews.
E)gendered marriages.

Question 22

A relationship in which spouses consider themselves to have equal status or standing in the relationship, sharing breadwinning, housework, and childrearing roles is called:

A)marital resilience.
B)a covenant marriage.
C)a vital marriage.
D)a total marriage.
E)a peer marriage.

Question 23

In spite of other societal changes, attitudes toward ______ remain largely negative.

A)cohabitation
B)interfaith marriage
C)equal division of labor
D)nonmarital childbearing
E)interracial marriage

Question 24

Many changes have occurred to marriage in the past generation, including:

A)fewer people support same-sex marriage, but more support civil unions.
B)fewer people have nonmarital sex.
C)large increases in the number of people who never marry.
D)more couples want to share the breadwinning role.
E)fewer dual-earner households.

Question 25

Cole and Johanna are deeply committed to their faith and strongly believe that traditional marriage is the cornerstone of society. They have decided to have a type of marriage that would require some marriage preparation and restrict their future access to divorce. This is called:

A)marital resilience.
B)a covenant marriage.
C)a vital marriage.
D)a total marriage.
E)a peer marriage.

Question 26

Which of the following is TRUE regarding marital satisfaction and success?

A)Conflict-habituated marriages are those that end in divorce.
B)Researchers today define a marriage as "happy" as long as it doesn't end in divorce.
C)Most married men and women report that their marriages are "very happy."
D)A study of over 2,000 married adults asked them to evaluate the importance of several factors to marital success and shared tastes and interests were at the top
Of the list.
E)A study of over 2,000 married adults showed that Blacks and Hispanics have very different opinions about what factors are important to marital success.

Question 27

Which of the following has the greatest effect on the success of a marriage?

A)shared racial and ethnic backgrounds
B)low expectations entering marriage
C)deeply held religious beliefs
D)a satisfying sex life
E)an avoidance of confrontation

Question 28

Marriage is universal-it is found in every society, and all societies begin marriage with some publicly recorded ceremony.

Question 29

"Marriage can be hard work." That statement illustrates the macro side of marriage.

Question 30

A legally and socially recognized relationship that includes sexual, economic, and social rights and responsibilities for partners is known as marriage.

Question 31

Randall and Kent, a same-sex couple who are legally married, also own a business together. They spend virtually all their time together, and have most of the same friends and interests in common. Which type of marriage do they have?

A)total marriage
B)vital marriage
C)passive-congenial marriage
D)his and her marriage
E)peer marriage

Question 32

Does marriage benefit everyone equally?

A)Yes, marriage offers equal benefits across sex, race, and social class.
B)Marriage may benefit men and women equally, but it benefits Whites more than Blacks.
C)Marriage may benefit women more than men, and Blacks and Hispanics more than Whites.
D)Marriage may benefit women more than men, but equally across races and social classes.
E)Marriage may benefit men more than women, and Whites more than Blacks.

Question 33

Which is the best example of a selection effect?

A)Heterogamous marriages are more likely to end in divorce than are homogamous marriages.
B)The government establishes many rules and regulations surrounding marriage.
C)Married people enjoy more economic security than unmarried people.
D)Religious faith and practice are associated with higher marital happiness.
E)Healthier people are more likely to marry than are unhealthy people.

Question 34

The idea of a selection effect addresses which of the following questions?

A)Are arranged marriages better than free-choice ones?
B)What factors do people consider when choosing mates?
C)Does marriage lead to happiness?
D)When do people normally choose to get married?

Question 35

The founders of the U.S. government established marriage as a free-choice, polygamous, or monogamous union that emphasized equality among spouses.

Question 36

The idea that married people enjoy better psychological well-being, health, and economic security is the premise of:

A)the marriage premium.
B)the social capital perspective.
C)the vital marriage perspective.
D)his and her marriage.
E)the selection effect.

Question 37

The fact that married men tend to earn more than their unmarried counterparts is known as a ______

A)social capital
B)wage premium
C)selection effect
D)division of labor
E)marriage premium

Question 38

Since the United States does not have a national church, the government cannot mandate policies regarding marriage.

Question 39

Roderick and Scherazade, in the opening vignette, have an example of a:

A)covenant marriage.
B)conflict-habituated marriage.
C)peer marriage.
D)same-sex marriage.
E)total marriage.

Question 40

Government officials, marriage and family therapists, and religious leaders have created a __________ that aims to influence public policy to promote and strengthen traditional two-parent marriage.

A)marriage initiative
B)wedding support group
C)selection effect initiative
D)marriage movement
E)social capital movement

Question 41

Marriage often leads to a higher incidence of alcoholism and drug abuse. .

Question 42

Over the last generation there has been a strong shift in thinking about cohabitation, a single mother having a child, and nonmarital sex, with most people agreeing that they are a good thing for society.

Question 43

Changes in marriage patterns can be partly attributed to rising education levels among women.

Question 44

According to recent polls, more people support than oppose same-sex marriages.

Question 45

The marital resilience perspective is the view that overall, marriages are no weaker than in the past, but that all families need an increase in structural support to thrive.

Question 46

The first wave of the women's movement began with women working for the emancipation of slaves, but some noticed that their equal rights had been passed over with the adoption of the 13th Amendment.

Question 47

According to sociologist Jesse Bernard, women tend to benefit more from marriage than do men.

Question 48

Kevin and Theresa may have been in love when they married, but today they are together out of obligation and have no real passion in their relationship. This is an example of a passive-congenial marriage.

Question 49

Antimiscegenation laws are laws forbidding interracial marriage, and existed at the state level until 1967.

Question 50

Those most supportive of same-sex marriage tend to be women, Hispanics, the young, those who are less religious, and college graduates.

Question 51

Angela claims that the institution of marriage is increasingly being threatened by hedonistic pursuits of personal happiness at the expense of long-term commitment. This is known as the marital resilience perspective.

Question 52

Civil unions refers to a public policy designed to extend some benefits to partners who are not legally married, but that does not provide the same degree of protection as marriage.

Question 53

As the average age at which women get married has increased, so has the average age at which women start having children.

Question 54

Women who delay marriage often have a lower annual income than women who marry at an earlier age.

Question 55

"Selection effect" is a term to describe the different ways wives and husbands experience marriage and its benefits.

Question 56

Married couples tend to be happier than cohabiters, though cohabiters report higher levels of happiness and self-esteem.

Question 57

The hypothesis that people who marry may be different from those who do not marry (for example, they may be happier, healthier, and have more money)is known as the wage premium.

Question 58

The marital decline perspective is the view that overall, marriages are no weaker than in the past, but that all families need an increase in structural support to thrive.

Question 59

In the past, most couples married only after other significant life goals were realized.

Question 60

Over the last generation men are more likely to want to share breadwinning, but they still do not share the division of household labor equally.

Question 61

What do we mean when we say that marriage has shifted from a cornerstone to a capstone of adult life?

Question 62

List the five types of enduring marriages, according to Cuber and Haroff:

Question 63

Why are people generally more tolerant of interfaith marriages than of marriages that cross racial, ethnic, or class lines?

Question 64

Men and women tend to report the same level of satisfaction with married life, regardless of their racial, ethnic, or economic background.

Question 65

Roderick, in the opening vignette, wants a peer marriage, but his wife does not.

Question 66

Describe the trends in the attitudes toward same-sex marriage and civil unions. Provide specific data.

Question 67

What is the marital resilience perspective?

Question 68

Describe the attitudes people have about nonmarital childbearing.

Question 69

List the five ways that societies try to control the development of love and control who people marry.

Question 70

Peer marriage is a type of marriage in which couples consider themselves to have equal status or standing in the relationship.

Question 71

What do most Americans see as the main purpose of marriage today, and how does this differ by age and race/ethnicity?

Question 72

The activities of a group of religious leaders, marriage and family therapists, and government leaders who hope to influence public policy to promote and strengthen traditional marriage, is known as the marriage movement.

Question 73

What is a homogamous marriage? Give at least three examples.

Question 74

How have attitudes toward interracial and interethnic marriages changed over the last 30 or 40 years?

Question 75

The view that the institution of marriage is increasingly being threatened by hedonistic pursuits of personal happiness at the expense of long-term commitment is called:

Question 76

Covenant marriage is a type of marriage available in three states that restricts access to divorce, requires premarital counseling, and imposes other rules and regulations.

Question 77

What is the definition of "marriage"?

Question 78

Why do men tend to reap the health benefits of marriage more than women?

Question 79

What is the marriage premium?

Question 80

The idea that people who marry may be different from those who do not marry, for example, they may be happier, healthier, and have more money is called a/an: