Deck 3: Assessment in the Community

Question 1

According to the Healthy People 2010 database,in 2008,__% of children and adults (younger than 65 years of age)did not have health insurance.

A)7
B)17
C)27
D)37

Answer 1

17

Question 2

Which of the following is true of host factors when studying epidemiology?

A)The host must be a person or animal;it cannot be a plant.
B)The vector is the host.
C)Host factors relate primarily to susceptibility and resistance to disease.
D)Host factors are the biologic or mechanical means of causing disease.

Answer 2

Host factors relate primarily to susceptibility and resistance to disease.

Question 3

The context of people's lives determines their health.Individuals are likely to be able to control many of the determinants of health directly.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Answer 3

The first statement is true;the second statement is false.

Question 4

The ________________ was established in 2005 to ensure that graduates from schools and programs of public health accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH)have mastered the knowledge and skills relevant to contemporary public health.

A)Council on Linkages Between Academia and Public Health Practice
B)National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C)National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE)
D)Centers for Public Health Preparedness

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the set of core competencies for public health professionals that was developed by the Council on Linkages Between Academia and Public Health Practice?

A)They are intended for academic institutions and training providers to develop curricula and course content and were not meant to be used in practice settings.
B)The competencies are divided into eight domains.
C)This effort of the council focuses on core competencies as they apply to three different categories of professional positions.
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 6

Which of the following factors that influence the health of individuals and populations is considered to be a contributor to well-being rather than a broader determinant of health?

A)Social justice and equity
B)Culture and race relations
C)Meaningful work
D)Employment

Question 7

According to the mandala of health,the four groups of factors that influence the health of individuals,families,and communities are psychosocioeconomic environment,physical environment,personal behavior,and:

A)human biology.
B)cultural influences.
C)structural archetypes.
D)malleability.

Question 8

_______________ is the regular and systematic collection,assemblage,analysis,and communication on the health of the community.

A)Epidemiology
B)Assessment
C)The mandala of health
D)The planning cycle

Question 9

Which of the following correctly depicts the steps in the planning cycle?
1)Implement
2)Evaluate
3)Plan
4)Assess

A)1,2,3,4
B)2,1,3,4
C)3,4,1,2
D)4,3,1,2

Question 10

What percentage of adults in the United States in 2006 is considered obese?

A)13%
B)23%
C)33%
D)43%

Question 11

Which of the following is true of an analytic study?

A)It may involve analysis of data to evaluate a current event or situation.
B)It seeks to determine that a causal relationship exists between a factor and a disease or condition.
C)It is used when the etiologic mechanism of a disease is established and the investigator determines the effectiveness of altering factors.
D)It may involve applying or withholding the supposed cause of a condition and observing the results.

Question 12

The contemporary principles of public health practice and science have been highlighted in several national reports published by the:

A)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
B)Institute of Medicine (IOM).
C)Centers for Public Health Preparedness.
D)Health Resources and Service's Administration's Public Health Training Centers.

Question 13

Which of the following is considered to be a physical rather than social determinant of health?

A)Income
B)Substandard housing
C)Education
D)Access to health care

Question 14

What kind of epidemiologic study involves description,documentation,analysis,and interpretation of data to evaluate a current event or situation?

A)Descriptive study
B)Analytic study
C)Experimental study
D)a and b

Question 15

The "epidemiologic triangle" depicts disease as the outcome of the interactions among:

A)population,occurrences,and determinants.
B)population dynamics,place characteristics,and time.
C)host,agent,and environmental factors.
D)distribution,affected population,and determinants.

Question 16

Embedded into the basic planning cycle is a framework for a(n):

A)community health improvement process.
B)community oral health assessment.
C)mandala of health.
D)Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors seven-step model.

Question 17

What three core public health functions were specified in the Future of Public Health Report?

A)Partnerships,health issues,resources
B)Assessment,policy development,assurance
C)Public health policies,programs,practices
D)Health concerns,data,outcomes

Question 18

Which of the following is one of the five core areas of knowledge in the national examination written by the National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE)?

A)Communication and Informatics
B)Diversity and Culture
C)Leadership
D)Health Policy and Management

Question 19

Which of the following is true concerning current conceptual models of the determinants of health?

A)Monocausal models have taken precedence over multicausal perspectives of health and disease.
B)The epidemiologic triangle model has waned.
C)The concept of a "web of causation" emerged as multifactorial perspectives grew.
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 20

Which of the following is thought to have the least impact on health?

A)Where people live
B)Income and education levels
C)Access and use of healthcare services
D)Relationships with family and friends

Question 21

Assessment outcomes should:

A)be summarized by highlighting key findings.
B)include an inventory of community assets and resources.
C)not explain limitations of the data because doing so may confuse the intended audience.
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 22

It is essential to establish a system to _______________________ the data and information while collecting data from existing sources.

A)record,process,and organize
B)evaluate the assessment process
C)analyze and interpret
D)manipulate

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

A)Number of births
B)Incidence of disease
C)Employment statistics
D)Information from personal interviews

Question 24

Which of the following is the next phase of the community oral health improvement process after the assessment is complete?

A)Determining the social impact of oral diseases
B)Development of an oral health improvement plan
C)Deciding whether health care is a right or a privilege
D)Evaluating future trends for public health workers

Question 25

The Leading Health Indicators:

A)are based upon the Healthy People 2010 objectives.
B)include 10 focus areas.
C)allow Americans to assess the overall health of the nation and their communities.
D)a,b,and c
E)a and c

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of quantitative rather than qualitative data?

A)Information gleaned from personal interviews
B)Descriptions of traditions and the history of a community
C)The percentage of children with dental sealants
D)Information gathered from participant observations or focus groups

Question 27

A community oral health assessment is virtually useless unless:

A)it is published the same year as the assessment is performed.
B)funded by the federal government.
C)the information is used to develop and implement evidence-based oral health strategies.
D)it is cited in journals and textbooks.

Question 28

When analyzing and interpreting data during an assessment,partners can call upon local community members to enlist their expertise and assistance in:

A)obtaining grants and funding.
B)conducting health fairs and community activities.
C)gathering data and information about population demographics.
D)validating impressions and interpretations of the data examined for assessment.

Question 29

During data collection it is important to:

A)narrow the focus so that time is not wasted conducting a broad search.
B)organize an inventory of the information.
C)carefully compile information from primary sources.
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 30

When determining the necessity of primary data collection,a decision to determine the need for additional data and information should be based on a reevaluation and possible refinement of the assessment goals,an analysis of the findings from the existing data sources,and:

A)available resources to support future assessment activities.
B)a marketing study.
C)a follow-up survey after 2 to 3 years.
D)an analysis of the reasons for percentage gains or losses.

Question 31

Information about the findings of the assessment:

A)are considered privileged information and should not be discussed publicly.
B)should be limited to professional journals and communication.
C)should be published and distributed widely to various community members.
D)should be distributed as an executive summary but not as a full report.

Question 32

Community health assessment efforts can __________ disparities and inequities among population groups.

A)analyze
B)rationalize
C)quantify
D)justify

Question 33

A mathematical model is used to calculate relationships among quantitative variables to:

A)analyze textual data collected from transcripts or interviews.
B)determine statistical significance.
C)identify a thematic framework.
D)assess common or unique themes.

Question 34

Which of the following is true concerning the role of community partners in identifying critical oral health issues and selecting priorities?

A)Community partners should evaluate the community's assets and resources to create a shared vision of change.
B)Community partners should be actively involved in all aspects of determining and prioritizing the critical issues.
C)Community partners must reach a consensus about long- and short-term solutions to address the identified oral health problems.
D)a,b,and c
E)a and c

Question 35

Quantitative data refer to:

A)information that cannot be numerically measured or analyzed.
B)descriptions of traditions and the history of a community.
C)information that is objective and measurable.
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 36

The Leading Health Indicators are supported by 21 specific measurable objectives that can be assessed by states and communities to assess current status and to:

A)request modifications in federal funding.
B)monitor changes over time.
C)qualify for disaster relief.
D)support national health insurance.

Question 37

The correct order for implementing a community oral health assessment is:
1)determining the necessity of primary data collection.
2)collecting data from existing sources.
3)communicating and publicizing the findings.
4)analyzing and interpreting the data.

A)1,2,3,4
B)2,1,3,4
C)1,2,4,3
D)2,1,4,3

Question 38

The assessment process:

A)should be evaluated throughout the health assessment process.
B)should be evaluated only when the health assessment process is complete.
C)should be evaluated only as a "look back" when time has proven the validity or lack thereof of the results.
D)is not evaluated.

Question 39

Which of the following is the first step in analyzing and interpreting both primary and secondary data for a community oral health assessment?

A)Compare data with other data.
B)Assess the significance of the data collected.
C)Synthesize the information and summarize the findings.
D)Provide direction for future actions to build on community assets.

Question 40

When it is necessary to collect original data,components for a work plan include objectives,activities,roles,responsibilities:

A)and results.
B)materials and methods,discussion,and results.
C)budget,and timetable.
D)outcomes,and conclusions.