Deck 6: Oral Health Programs in the Community

Question 1

Which of the following is the key to a measurable objective?

A)The time frame
B)The performance verb
C)The condition
D)A specific goal

Answer 1

The performance verb

Question 2

Which of the following is true for evaluation of a community oral health program?

A)Evaluation determines whether the program accomplishes what it was designed to accomplish.
B)A summary of what went well and what did not is adequate.
C)A negative outcome means that the program has been a failure.
D)Drawing conclusions based on intuition is adequate.

Answer 2

Evaluation determines whether the program accomplishes what it was designed to accomplish.

Question 3

Which of the following is the first step in evaluation of a community oral health program?

A)Examine the specific measurable objectives.
B)Evaluate the measurable outcomes.
C)Perform pilot testing.
D)Review the program goals.

Answer 3

Review the program goals.

Question 4

Dental caries:

A)is transmissible.
B)is an acute disease.
C)can be prevented.
D)a and c

Question 5

Which of the following is true of formative evaluation?

A)It involves judging the merit or worth of a program after it has been in operation.
B)It is an attempt to determine whether a fully operational program is meeting the goals for which it was developed.
C)It is an examination of the processes or activities of a program as they are taking place.
D)a and b

Question 6

The implementation phase of program planning should answer ________,which in this case are the activities required to achieve the objective.

A)who
B)what
C)when
D)why

Question 7

School-based pit and fissure sealant programs reduce dental caries as much as __%.

A)50
B)60
C)70
D)80

Question 8

If the objectives of a community health program are not met,it does not mean a program is a failure because:

A)the workers were reimbursed for their time.
B)if a program is evaluated properly in some sense,it has been a success.
C)some form of care was delivered to the public.
D)at least the implementers tried.

Question 9

The Essential Public Health Services for Oral Health:

A)describe the roles of state oral health programs.
B)were developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
C)have been used in the development and evaluation of public health activities at the state level.
D)a and c

Question 10

Using a smaller population for a community oral health program with the intent to expand later on is called:

A)test marketing.
B)pilot testing.
C)a stratified sample.
D)testing the waters.

Question 11

Many individual county and city health departments have federally funded clinics that offer services on a sliding scale fee schedule and accept clients who receive public assistance through:

A)Medicare.
B)Medicaid.
C)the U.S.Department of Agriculture (USDA).
D)workforce development.

Question 12

The community is viewed as the patient in public health,and ____________ can be compared with the evaluation of the patient's treatment.

A)assessment
B)planning
C)implementation
D)evaluation

Question 13

Approximately __% of the states have full-time dental directors who provide leadership and guidance in the planning,funding,and implementation of oral health promotion programs for the residents of the states they serve.

A)50
B)66
C)75
D)90

Question 14

Evidenced-based practices means :

A)things that seem to be true over time.
B)what is seen in clinical practice.
C)those that have been scientifically proven to be effective.
D)the consensus of what clinicians believe is true.

Question 15

Implementation:

A)is an organized and systematic approach to identify a target group and to define the extent and severity of oral health needs present.
B)is an organized response to reduce or eliminate one or more problems.
C)includes the process of putting the plan into action and monitoring the plan's activities,personnel,equipment,resources,and supplies.
D)is the method of measuring results of the program against objectives developed during the early planning stages.

Question 16

Which area of program planning describes how the objectives will be accomplished?

A)Program goals
B)Program objectives
C)Program activities
D)Program implementation

Question 17

Developing goals and objectives is a part of the _________ process during the development of an oral health program in the community.

A)assessment
B)planning
C)implementation
D)evaluation

Question 18

An oral health coalition is:

A)a division of the Department of Labor.
B)a cooperative effort on the part of many individuals and organizations to build systems and develop programs that improve community health.
C)a collaboration between dental schools and dental hygiene programs.
D)a yearly event that provides care for low-income individuals with no out of pocket expense.

Question 19

Which of the following is the federal government's principal agency for protecting the health of all Americans?

A)Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
B)Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C)National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D)Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

Question 20

If a community's perception of needs is adhered to exclusively,actual clinical health problems may go untreated because:

A)funding is limited.
B)people are not knowledgeable about many areas of health care.
C)there are differences between wants and needs.
D)desires are endless.

Question 21

Approximately __% of Americans visit a dental office yearly.

A)20
B)40
C)60
D)80

Question 22

Which of the following is true of dental sealants?

A)Little increase in the percentage of school-aged children with sealants has occurred among children in low-income populations.
B)One goal of Healthy People 2010 was to have 90% of children receiving dental sealants on their permanent molars.
C)According to the 1988 to 1994 baseline data,about 51% of 14-year-old adolescents had dental sealants on their permanent molars.
D)Dental insurance will not reimburse for sealants.

Question 23

A federally qualified health center (FQHC)has been designated by the federal government by adhering to regulations pertaining to the scope and quality of health services provided to anyone:

A)with a substance abuse problem.
B)regardless of ability to pay.
C)older than 18 years of age.
D)who has served in the military.

Question 24

Which one of the following federal initiatives that provide funding to states administers the Head Start program?

A)Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,Infants,and Children (WIC)
B)Administration for Children and Families (ACF)
C)Children's Health Insurance Plan Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA)
D)Medicaid (Title XIX)

Question 25

Which of the following represents the correct sequence for the five-step lesson plan described by Gagliardi?
1)Guided practice activities
2)Anticipatory planning
3)Instruction/information
4)Closure
5)Objectives

A)1,2,5,1,3
B)5,2,3,1,4
C)2,5,3,1,4
D)2,5,1,3,4

Question 26

For health education programs to be effective:

A)the cognitive model alone has proven to be effective in producing change.
B)the participant must be actively involved in the learning process.
C)internal rather than external factors should be considered in developing an oral health educational program.
D)external rather than internal factors should be considered in developing an oral health educational program.

Question 27

Advantages of community water fluoridation over a community-based fluoride supplement program include:

A)reduced need for compliance.
B)lower installation and startup costs.
C)decay prevention and oral health benefits for the entire population.
D)a and c

Question 28

The mean annual per capita cost is lower in community water fluoridation systems for larger populations (>50,000)than it is for smaller populations (<10,000).The lifetime cost of fluoridation per person is less than the cost of one dental filling.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 29

Which of the following offers the benefits of fluoride in a structured environment in communities where a public water source is not available or where community water fluoridation is undesired for various reasons?

A)Fluoridated salt
B)Fluoride supplemented sports drinks
C)School-based fluoride mouth rinse programs
D)Fluoridated chewing gum

Question 30

Fluoride varnish:

A)is self-applied by the patient at home.
B)is intended to be permanent,much like dental sealant.
C)may be used to prevent root surface caries on adults with gingival recession.
D)a and c

Question 31

Establishment of a dental home begins no later than ___ year(s)of age and includes referral to dental specialists when appropriate.

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)12

Question 32

Most dental educational programs have been implemented for:

A)children.
B)adolescents.
C)adults.
D)the elderly.

Question 33

To reach the Healthy People 2020 goal of increasing the proportion of children who have received dental sealants on their molar teeth,many states have instituted:

A)reimbursement through dental insurance programs.
B)expansion of dental assisting and dental hygiene educational programs.
C)school-based sealant programs (SBSPs).
D)educational grants for sealant placement in public health programs.

Question 34

The total population receiving community water fluoridation was __% in 2006.

A)41.5
B)51.5
C)61.5
D)71.5

Question 35

The average number of decayed,missing (because of caries),or filled permanent teeth (DMFT)steadily declined from 1967 to 1992 in the United States because of:

A)improved oral hygiene.
B)populations residing in fluoridated communities.
C)improvements in the design of toothbrushes.
D)the use of dental floss.

Question 36

The fastest growing segment of the population in the United States is:

A)children.
B)adolescents.
C)young adults.
D)older adults.

Question 37

Which of the following has been recognized as one of the top ten public health measures of the 20th century?

A)Cosmetic bonding
B)Fluoridation of water
C)Silver dental amalgam
D)Porcelain fused to metal crowns

Question 38

Which of the following is the most cost-effective,most practical,and safest means of preventing tooth decay?

A)Dental sealants
B)Regular dental visits
C)Community water fluoridation
D)Fluoride varnish

Question 39

Which of the following is true regarding antifluoridationists?

A)They provide inaccurate false information to the public.
B)Their arguments against fluoridation do have some merit based on scientific knowledge.
C)They attempt to link adverse health effects with fluoridation.
D)a and c

Question 40

The recommended levels for water fluoridation in the United States range from 0.7 to 1.2 parts per million (ppm)of fluoride,depending on the:

A)size of the population younger than 14 years of age.
B)average daily temperature for that area.
C)proximity to an ocean.
D)cost.