Deck 12: Politics

Question 1

In what ways does the presence of women in politics disrupt inequality?

A)It disrupts andocentrism,but not sexism.
B)It disrupts subordination,sexism,and androcentrism.
C)It disrupts sexism,but not androcentrism.
D)It disrupts subordination and sexism,but not androcentrism.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following countries offers maternity leave to mothers at 100 percent of their income for the longest number of weeks?

A)Poland
B)Costa Rica
C)Netherlands
D)Spain

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Many suffragists were also abolitionists,and vice versa.An abolitionist can be defined as

A)a person who works to secure the right to vote.
B)an activist in the fight against human slavery.
C)someone who tries to end sexism by reducing sex discrimination.
D)an activist in the fight against androcentrism.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which model of gender equality is MOST appealing to feminists who believe that we should be working to establish societies in which gender disappears as a meaningful category?

A)equal opportunity
B)equal access
C)equal value
D)equal sharing

Question 5

Which model of gender equality would be MOST attractive to women who embrace masculinity?

A)equal access
B)equal value
C)equal sharing
D)equal opportunity

Question 6

Laws that make it illegal to discriminate in the workplace are examples of

A)policies designed to tackle androcentrism.
B)equal value models of governance.
C)policies that ensure men and women participate equally.
D)equal access policies aimed to reduce sexism.

Question 7

Attempts to restrict women's access to abortion by passing laws mandating counseling,parental consent,and stricter regulations on clinics are examples of

A)a bad patriarchal bargain.
B)the decline in collectivist thinking.
C)anti-feminist politics.
D)the corporate co-optation of feminism.

Question 8

Which model of gender equality would be MOST attractive to women and men who embrace femininity?

A)equal access
B)equal value
C)equal sharing
D)equal opportunity

Question 9

A society that rewards reproductive labor,such as taking care of children and the elderly,is a society that embraces a standard of

A)gender neutrality.
B)equal access.
C)equal sharing.
D)equal value.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of how states govern gender?

A)holding elections for governors every four years
B)electing an historic number of women to legislative positions in 2013
C)collecting taxes in April of every year
D)instituting tax laws favoring male breadwinner/female homemaker households over single-parent households

Question 11

Ideas that do not (yet)resonate with most members of a population are termed

A)androcentric.
B)hegemonic.
C)individualistic.
D)radical.

Question 12

Why are some women's movements also autonomous movements?

A)They function independently of men's participation and approval.
B)They are collective nongovernmental efforts to change societies.
C)They try to do feminist work in spaces that are not explicitly feminist.
D)They involve efforts by feminists to change gender relations outside their own countries.

Question 13

When states and politicians commit to gender-aware policymaking,they

A)consider the effects of policies on both men and women.
B)create policies that have the same incentives for men as women.
C)pass legislation to encourage same-sex parenting.
D)elect equal numbers of women and men to legislative bodies.

Question 14

Which country was the first to grant women the right to vote in 1893?

A)New Zealand
B)United States
C)South Africa
D)France

Question 15

Which region of the world has the highest percentage of women in the legislature?

A)Western industrial countries
B)Latin America
C)Eastern Europe
D)Scandinavia

Question 16

Equal access policies,like the antidiscrimination policies that are prominent in the United States,accomplish some goals but not others.Which of these is their characteristic shortcoming?

A)Equal access policies do not reduce sexism in employers' decision making.
B)Equal access policies do not encourage people to value femininity.
C)Equal access policies do not encourage women to seek work in masculine fields.
D)Equal access policies do not apply to women in education.

Question 17

Which of the following facts demonstrates how women's symbolic representation has translated into substantive representation?

A)Female legislators introduce fewer but better bills than men.
B)Women now hold more than 40 percent of seats in most international legislative bodies.
C)Women are more likely than men to introduce bills that address women's needs.
D)In most countries,women legislators have formed a unified voting bloc.

Question 18

Women represent more than 40 percent of members in the legislature of which one of these countries?

A)Sierra Leone
B)United States
C)Saudi Arabia
D)Chile

Question 19

Using the hashtag #GirlsCan and the slogan,"Make the world a little more easy,breezy,and beautiful," the CoverGirl cosmetics company promises girls that they can do whatever they want.This ad campaign is an example of

A)corporate co-optation of feminism.
B)active anti-feminist countermovements organized to oppose feminist social change.
C)embedded feminism.
D)feminist marketing.

Question 20

A state policy that encourages high-income women to choose stay-at-home motherhood,but discourages low-income mothers from doing so is an example of

A)the gender of governance.
B)the governance of gender.
C)gender-aware policymaking.
D)symbolic representation.

Question 21

What is one challenge feminists face when participating in transnational feminist activism?

A)ensuring that the voice and tactics of Western feminists do not dominate the movement
B)the scarcity of feminist organizations and weak feminist networks found in the Southern Hemisphere
C)unwillingness by the United Nations to recognize gender as an important organizing principle
D)not enough American feminists who are willing to help women in non-Western nations

Question 22

Among young voters,__________ were the most likely to vote for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election.

A)white men
B)white women
C)black men
D)black women

Question 23

What is one reason why Americans have yet to elect a female American president?

A)The American presidency is considered one of the most masculine jobs in the United States.
B)So far no qualified female candidates have run for president.
C)Americans are uncomfortable with women in office;women's favorability ratings dip when they assume office compared to when they run for office.
D)Women are particularly unlikely to vote for a female candidate.

Question 24

Please describe the parental leave policy in the United States.In particular,address whether the policy offers paid leave,how long the leave lasts,and who is eligible.Then,evaluate if you think this policy is pro-natal.Make sure to explain why you think it is or is not.If you think it is not,make sure to address what changes you think could make it more pro-natal.

Question 25

What kind of difference,if any,would passage of the Equal Rights Amendment make in the governance of gender in the United States?

A)None;the United States already has strong antidiscrimination laws.
B)It would undermine the strength and reason for women's movements to exist.
C)It would constitutionally guarantee gender equality and feminists would no longer have to fight for rights individually.
D)It would eradicate anti-feminist countermovements because it would make clear that their claims violate the Constitution.

Question 26

Discuss how new communication technologies can both help and hinder feminist activism.Then,evaluate whether you think the new communication technologies are overall an advantage,or a disadvantage,for feminism.Make sure to fully explain your view.

Question 27

How have new communication technologies impacted feminist efforts?

A)Their impact has been mixed;they have helped create a global community built around norms of gender equality,but they also have led to an increase in threats and harassment for feminists.
B)Their impact has been only positive;there is now considerable support for feminism and feminists across the globe.
C)Their impact has only been negative;feminists face considerable harassment online and haven't achieved much success in efforts to communicate effectively.
D)There has been no impact;feminists today continue to use the communication methods of previous generations.

Question 28

Why do the majority of American politicians continue to be men? Discuss three different mechanisms that can explain some of the obstacles to women being political leaders in the United States and elsewhere.How do you explain the gains women have made in political representation over the last one hundred years in the United States? How do these reasons for change relate to the reasons that men continue to be the majority of the world's politicians and legislators?

Question 29

Give concrete examples of three of the obstacles that contemporary feminists face.Discuss what it might take to overcome these obstacles and create more opportunities for feminist activism.

Question 30

Fiona believes that feminism should be more intersectionally inclusive,and she is a strong proponent of decentralized movements to advance feminist causes.Fiona is a good example of a __________ feminist.

A)first-wave
B)second-wave
C)third-wave
D)new-wave

Question 31

The Women's March that was held after Donald Trump's inauguration had a platform that emphasized

A)traditional feminist concerns like reproductive rights and violence against women.
B)gender inequality in the workforce,including both benevolent and hostile sexism.
C)equality for sexual and religious minorities,along with civil rights for all.
D)traditional feminist concerns as well as broader concerns about policing,equality,and rights for all groups.

Question 32

Explain the difference between the gender of governance and the governance of gender.Discuss two ways that the United States governs in gendered ways.Give one example of how the gender of governance is related to the symbolic and substantive representation of women in politics in the United States or some other country.

Question 33

There are three main approaches to gender equality: equal access,equal value,and equal sharing.Compare and contrast the benefits and drawbacks of each of these approaches.Describe what a feminist in each different approach might say a feminist utopia would look like.