Deck 68: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Question 1

An infection of the pharynx that is normally called sore throat,whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and which is characterized by inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or by nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia,is:

A)laryngitis.
B)epiglottitis.
C)pharyngitis.
D)Vincent angina.

Answer 1

C
Pharyngitis,or sore throat,is a common upper respiratory tract infection affecting both children and adults.Infection of the pharynx is associated with pharyngeal pain.Visualization of the pharynx reveals erythematous (red)and swollen tissue.Depending on the causative microorganism,inflammatory exudates (fluid with protein,inflammatory cells,and cellular debris),vesicles (small blisterlike sacs containing liquid)and mucosal ulceration,or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (swollen lymph nodes)may be observed.

Question 2

Most cases of pharyngitis occur during the colder months and are primarily caused by:

A)S.pyogenes.
B)viruses.
C)Streptococcus pneumoniae.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.

Answer 2

B
Most cases of pharyngitis occur during the colder months and often accompany other infections,primarily those caused by viruses.Patients with respiratory tract infections caused by influenza types A and B,parainfluenza,coxsackie A,rhinoviruses,or coronaviruses frequently complain of a sore throat.Pharyngitis,often with ulceration,is also commonly found in patients with infectious mononucleosis caused by either the Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus.Although less common,pharyngitis caused by adenovirus or herpes simplex virus is clinically severe.Finally,acute retroviral syndrome caused by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)is associated with acute pharyngitis.

Question 3

An inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes is:

A)epiglottitis.
B)pharyngitis.
C)Vincent angina.
D)rhinitis.

Answer 3

D
Rhinitis (common cold)is an inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining.Depending on the host response and the etiologic agent,variable fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes characterize rhinitis.With rare exceptions,viruses cause rhinitis.

Question 4

Clinical specimens from suspected cases of epiglottitis should be plated at least to _______ agar(s).

A)sheep blood
B)sheep blood and chocolate
C)Regan-Lowe
D)charcoal horse blood

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Vincent angina

Question 6

An inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus is:

A)laryngitis.
B)pharyngitis.
C)Vincent angina.
D)stomatitis.

Question 7

Also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth,which condition is a mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge?

A)Laryngitis
B)Laryngotracheobronchitis
C)Epiglottitis
D)Vincent angina

Question 8

Inflammation of the larynx that is usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and that is caused almost exclusively by viruses is:

A)laryngitis.
B)laryngotracheobronchitis.
C)epiglottitis.
D)Vincent angina.

Question 9

Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.is:

A)pharyngitis.
B)Vincent angina.
C)rhinitis.
D)thrush.

Question 10

Epiglottitis is a potentially life-threatening disease because the patient's airway can become completely obstructed (blocked)if not treated.Which bacterium usually causes this disease?

A)Haemophilus influenzae type B
B)Corynebacterium diphtheriae
C)Streptococcus pyogenes
D)Type A influenza virus

Question 11

A relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough,is:

A)laryngitis.
B)laryngotracheobronchitis.
C)epiglottitis.
D)pharyngitis.

Question 12

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Epiglottitis

Question 13

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 14

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Rhinitis

Question 15

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Laryngitis

Question 16

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Pharyngitis

Question 17

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Stomatitis

Question 18

An infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords,whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty in swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor,is:

A)epiglottitis.
B)pharyngitis.
C)Vincent angina.
D)rhinitis.

Question 19

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Laryngitis

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the disease with its definition.
a.Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity caused mostly by herpes simplex virus
b.Infection of the epiglottis and other soft tissues above the vocal cords whose presentation typically includes fever and difficulty swallowing because of the pain,drooling,and respiratory obstruction with inspiratory stridor
c.Mixed bacterial spirochetal infection of the gingival edge that is also called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis or trench mouth
d.Relatively common illness in young children,primarily those younger than 3 years of age,whose presentation includes variable fever,inspiratory stridor (difficulty in moving enough air through the larynx),hoarseness,and a harsh,barking,nonproductive cough
e.Infection of the pharynx normally called sore throat whose presentation includes erythematous and swollen tissue and the possible observation of either inflammatory exudates,vesicles,and mucosal ulceration or nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia
f.Infection of the buccal (cheek)mucosa,tongue,or oropharynx by Candida spp.
g.Inflammation of the larynx usually associated with the common cold or influenza syndromes and caused almost exclusively by viruses
h.Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane or lining caused mostly by viruses and characterized by fever,increased mucous secretions,inflammatory edema of the nasal mucosa,sneezing,and watery eyes
Thrush

Question 21

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Thrush

Question 22

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Rhinitis

Question 23

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Stomatitis

Question 24

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Epiglottitis

Question 25

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Vincent angina

Question 26

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Pharyngitis

Question 27

Match the clinical condition with the most common agent.
a.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,and other viruses
b.Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,Mycoplasma
c.H.influenza
d.S.pyogenes
e.Anaerobes including Fusobacterium,Bacteroides,and anaerobic cocci
f.Herpes simplex virus
g.Candida spp.
h.Mixed bacteria with spirochetes
Laryngotracheobronchitis